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I am
Yo soy
Lesson 4 | The to-be verb ‘Ser’
¡Hola!
Lesson 4 on Basic Spanish!
Singular
(I)
Plural
(We)
I/ We Yo Nosotros/as
Revision
You
Singular Plural
Informal Tú Vosotros/as
Formal Usted Ustedes
Revision
Singular Plural
He/ They
(male/mixed)
Él Ellos
She/ They
(female)
Ella Ellas
Revision
1 To-be verb and its usage
Lesson objectives
Before we move on to topics like conversations and
introductions, it is essential to cover the most basic
aspect of Spanish : the to-be verb
Just like in English, where almost every sentence has
a form of the 'to-be' verb like 'is/ am/ are' - Spanish
also has several forms of the 'to-be' verb
'To-be' verb
'To-be’ verb can be translated to ser and estar in Spanish
Here are the forms of ‘to-be’ verb in English:
to be
I am
you are
he/she is
we are
you-all are
they are
'To-be' verb
'To-be’ verb can be translated
to ser and estar in Spanish
'To-be' verb
Ser is used for permanent situations
(eg: what something is) while Estar for
temporary situations
(eg: what something does temporarily)
Ser : Soy de America = I am from America
(permanent)
Estar : Estoy en la oficina = I am at the office
(temporary)
Spanish uses derived forms of verbs like in this case
Ser-> Soy and Estar-> Estoy
Ser vs. Estar
‘Ser’ and ‘Estar’ are
both translations of the ‘to-be’ verb
However, they differ in their usage
This lesson will focus on ‘Ser’ and we will
take up ‘Estar’ in a later lesson
Ser vs. Estar
Ser = ‘to-be’ verb (I am, he is, you are);
is used to describe:
• Physical characteristics
• Personality traits
• A country/city/place of origin
• Time
• Ownership
• Professions
Ser
Just like the 'to-be' verb in English, Ser
also has several forms depending
on the subject
So, let's look at Ser and its
forms in Spanish
Ser
Forms of Ser
Pronoun
Corresponding
form of Ser
Yo (I) soy
Nosotros / Nosotras
(We, male / female group)
somos
Forms of Ser
Pronoun
Corresponding
form of Ser
Tú
(You informal)
eres
Vosotros
(You, plural informal)
sois
Usted
(You formal)
es
Ustedes
(You, plural formal)
son
Forms of Ser
Pronoun
Corresponding
form of Ser
Él / Ella
(He/ She) es
Ellos / Ellas
(They, male / female group)
son
I am Yo soy We are
Nosotros
somos
You are
(informal)
Tú eres
You are
(plural)
Vosotros sois
You are
(formal)
Usted es
You are
(plural,
formal)
Ustedes son
He / She is Él / Ella es They are
Ellos / Ellas
son
Alright...let's revise!
As you may have noticed, just like in
English, the form of 'to-be' verb or Ser
does not depend on the
gender of the subject
Eg: Él es and Ella es
Grammar Tip
The verbs for Usted/Ustedes work the same as
for Él/Ellos
For singular : we use 'es'
For plural : we use 'son'
Grammar Tip
Ser - examples
English Spanish
I (female) am Mexican Yo soy mexicana
You (inf.) are Argentinean Tú eres argentino
He is Colombian Él es colombiano
She is Costa Rican Ella es costarricense
We are Peruvians Nosotros somos peruanos
You (inf, pl.) are Spanish Vosotros sois españoles
You are Venezuelans Ustedes son venezolanos
Do you remember that names of
nationalities are not capitalized
in Spanish?
In Spanish, although names of countries
and cities are capitalized, words derived
from them (eg: nationalities) are not!
Do you remember?
1 2 3es soissoy
I am = Yo __
Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
1 2 3
Solution
I am = Yo __
es soissoy
1 2 3somos soissoy
Carlos and you are = Carlos y tú __
Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
1 2 3
Carlos and you are = Carlos y tú sois
Solution
somos soissoy
1 2 3eres sones
You (inf, sing.) are = Tú ___
Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
1 2 3
You (inf, sing.) are = Tú eres
Solution
es eres son
1 2 3somos sones
Carlos and I are (We are) = Carlos y Yo __
Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
1 2 3
Carlos and I are (We are) = Carlos y Yo somos
Solution
es somos son
1 2 3
Carlos and José are = Carlos y José __
Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
somos sonsois
1 2 3
Carlos and José are = Carlos y José son
Solution
sois somos son
I am American
American = americano
Try yourself
I am American Yo soy americano
Solution
The verb forms often make
some pronouns (like Yo) unnecessary
Hence, Yo soy americano can also be
translated as Soy americano
Grammar Tip : Omitting pronouns
Revision
I am Yo soy We are
Nosotros
somos
You are
(informal)
Tú eres
You are
(plural)
Vosotros sois
You are
(formal)
Usted es
You are
(plural,
formal)
Ustedes son
He / She is Él / Ella es They are
Ellos / Ellas
son
Culture leaf
An important Spanish holiday is
'Semana Santa' (Holy Week)
It is celebrated a week before Easter
Culture leaf
People honour local patron saints
People decorate the streets, build
bonfires, set off fireworks and
hold large parades, bullfights, and
beauty contests
In the next lesson we move
on to conversations with a focus
on introductions!
What’s next?
Content
Team CultureAlley, Okairy Zuñiga,
Tomasa Merino Martín
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semana_Santa
Voice over
Jorge Garcia Rey
Pictures
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folio_173v_-
_The_Entry_into_Jerusalem.jpg
Credits
See you at the Alley!
Lesson 5 | Introducing yourself

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Basic Spanish | Lesson 4 | The to-be verb 'Ser' - Get your basics right!

  • 1. I am Yo soy Lesson 4 | The to-be verb ‘Ser’
  • 2.
  • 3. ¡Hola! Lesson 4 on Basic Spanish!
  • 4. Singular (I) Plural (We) I/ We Yo Nosotros/as Revision
  • 5. You Singular Plural Informal Tú Vosotros/as Formal Usted Ustedes Revision
  • 6. Singular Plural He/ They (male/mixed) Él Ellos She/ They (female) Ella Ellas Revision
  • 7. 1 To-be verb and its usage Lesson objectives
  • 8. Before we move on to topics like conversations and introductions, it is essential to cover the most basic aspect of Spanish : the to-be verb Just like in English, where almost every sentence has a form of the 'to-be' verb like 'is/ am/ are' - Spanish also has several forms of the 'to-be' verb 'To-be' verb
  • 9. 'To-be’ verb can be translated to ser and estar in Spanish Here are the forms of ‘to-be’ verb in English: to be I am you are he/she is we are you-all are they are 'To-be' verb
  • 10. 'To-be’ verb can be translated to ser and estar in Spanish 'To-be' verb
  • 11. Ser is used for permanent situations (eg: what something is) while Estar for temporary situations (eg: what something does temporarily) Ser : Soy de America = I am from America (permanent) Estar : Estoy en la oficina = I am at the office (temporary) Spanish uses derived forms of verbs like in this case Ser-> Soy and Estar-> Estoy Ser vs. Estar
  • 12. ‘Ser’ and ‘Estar’ are both translations of the ‘to-be’ verb However, they differ in their usage This lesson will focus on ‘Ser’ and we will take up ‘Estar’ in a later lesson Ser vs. Estar
  • 13. Ser = ‘to-be’ verb (I am, he is, you are); is used to describe: • Physical characteristics • Personality traits • A country/city/place of origin • Time • Ownership • Professions Ser
  • 14. Just like the 'to-be' verb in English, Ser also has several forms depending on the subject So, let's look at Ser and its forms in Spanish Ser
  • 15. Forms of Ser Pronoun Corresponding form of Ser Yo (I) soy Nosotros / Nosotras (We, male / female group) somos
  • 16. Forms of Ser Pronoun Corresponding form of Ser Tú (You informal) eres Vosotros (You, plural informal) sois Usted (You formal) es Ustedes (You, plural formal) son
  • 17. Forms of Ser Pronoun Corresponding form of Ser Él / Ella (He/ She) es Ellos / Ellas (They, male / female group) son
  • 18. I am Yo soy We are Nosotros somos You are (informal) Tú eres You are (plural) Vosotros sois You are (formal) Usted es You are (plural, formal) Ustedes son He / She is Él / Ella es They are Ellos / Ellas son Alright...let's revise!
  • 19. As you may have noticed, just like in English, the form of 'to-be' verb or Ser does not depend on the gender of the subject Eg: Él es and Ella es Grammar Tip
  • 20. The verbs for Usted/Ustedes work the same as for Él/Ellos For singular : we use 'es' For plural : we use 'son' Grammar Tip
  • 21. Ser - examples English Spanish I (female) am Mexican Yo soy mexicana You (inf.) are Argentinean Tú eres argentino He is Colombian Él es colombiano She is Costa Rican Ella es costarricense We are Peruvians Nosotros somos peruanos You (inf, pl.) are Spanish Vosotros sois españoles You are Venezuelans Ustedes son venezolanos
  • 22. Do you remember that names of nationalities are not capitalized in Spanish? In Spanish, although names of countries and cities are capitalized, words derived from them (eg: nationalities) are not! Do you remember?
  • 23. 1 2 3es soissoy I am = Yo __ Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
  • 24. 1 2 3 Solution I am = Yo __ es soissoy
  • 25. 1 2 3somos soissoy Carlos and you are = Carlos y tú __ Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
  • 26. 1 2 3 Carlos and you are = Carlos y tú sois Solution somos soissoy
  • 27. 1 2 3eres sones You (inf, sing.) are = Tú ___ Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
  • 28. 1 2 3 You (inf, sing.) are = Tú eres Solution es eres son
  • 29. 1 2 3somos sones Carlos and I are (We are) = Carlos y Yo __ Exercise : Pick the right Ser form
  • 30. 1 2 3 Carlos and I are (We are) = Carlos y Yo somos Solution es somos son
  • 31. 1 2 3 Carlos and José are = Carlos y José __ Exercise : Pick the right Ser form somos sonsois
  • 32. 1 2 3 Carlos and José are = Carlos y José son Solution sois somos son
  • 33. I am American American = americano Try yourself
  • 34. I am American Yo soy americano Solution
  • 35. The verb forms often make some pronouns (like Yo) unnecessary Hence, Yo soy americano can also be translated as Soy americano Grammar Tip : Omitting pronouns
  • 36. Revision I am Yo soy We are Nosotros somos You are (informal) Tú eres You are (plural) Vosotros sois You are (formal) Usted es You are (plural, formal) Ustedes son He / She is Él / Ella es They are Ellos / Ellas son
  • 37. Culture leaf An important Spanish holiday is 'Semana Santa' (Holy Week) It is celebrated a week before Easter
  • 38. Culture leaf People honour local patron saints People decorate the streets, build bonfires, set off fireworks and hold large parades, bullfights, and beauty contests
  • 39. In the next lesson we move on to conversations with a focus on introductions! What’s next?
  • 40. Content Team CultureAlley, Okairy Zuñiga, Tomasa Merino Martín http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semana_Santa Voice over Jorge Garcia Rey Pictures http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Folio_173v_- _The_Entry_into_Jerusalem.jpg Credits
  • 41. See you at the Alley!
  • 42. Lesson 5 | Introducing yourself