Introduction to Game Network Programming

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This document provides an overview of networking concepts for game programming, including: - Latency vs lag and techniques for fighting lag like client-side prediction and interpolation. - Network stack components like sockets, TCP vs UDP, and IP addressing. - Procedures for programming sockets in games including initialization, creating sockets, connecting, sending/receiving data, and cleanup. - Other topics covered include peer-to-peer vs client-server architectures, byte ordering, and demonstrations of networking code in NodeJS, C++, and websockets.

Tecnologia Educação

Game Network
Programming
@CoreyClarkPhD
@GameTheoryLabs

What I Do Now
Crowd
Sourced
Games
Distributed
ComputingMMOs
FoldIt
Crowd
Process
GTL

Determinism & Lock Step
Authoritative Server
Mid-Game Join
Floating point

Fight Lag
!   What is the Cause?
!   Slower But Consistent Frame Rate
!   Animations
!   Client Side Prediction
!   Learning Algorithms
!   Markov Models
!   Artificial Neural Networks

Client Side Prediction
Linear Interpolation
Jitter / Wobble

Sockets
!   Extends Network Layer (Host to Host)
!   End – to – End (App to App)
!   APIs: WinSock & Berkley (BSD)

TCP vs UDP
TCP
!   Connection Based
!   Delivery Guarantee
!   Order Guarantee
!   Flow Control
!   Duplicates Deleted
UDP
!   Connectionless
!   No Delivery Guarantee
!   No Order Guarantee
!   No Flow Control
!   Duplicates

TCP/IP Network
Host
App
Socket
TCP
IP
Channel Channel
Host
App
Socket
TCP
IP
Ethernet,
WiFi,
Bluetooth

Addresses
External Address
Internal Address
MAC Address
ISP
Geo Referenced
Router
Hardware
IEEE Regulated

Ports
!   Communication End
Point
!   Port Forwarding
!   Internal Static IP
!   Stay above 1024
!   Common Ports
!   20: FTP
!   80: HTTP
!   443: HTTPS
!   Registered Ports
!   7778: Unreal
!   26000: Quake
!   27010: Half-Life
!   27960: Quake III

Programming Sockets
!   Blocking
!   Non-Blocking
!   Overlapped I/O
!   Event Handle
!   Completion Port

WinSock Procedure
Client
!   WinSock Init
!   Create Socket
!   Connect
!   Send/Recv
!   Close Socket
!   WinSock Clean Up
Server
!   WinSock Init
!   Create Socket
!   Bind
!   Listen
!   Accept (New Socket)
!   Send /Recv
!   Close Socket
!   WinSock Clean Up

TCP Procedure
Create
Socket
Bind Listen Accept
Create
Socket
Connect
Send
Recv
Send
Recv

Byte Order
Endianness
!   Big Endian
!   MSB in Smallest Addr
!   Intel
!   Little Endian
!   LSB in Smallest Addr
!   Motorola
Host vs Network
!   Host Byte Order (Intel
(Big-Endian)
!   Network Byte Order (Big-
Endian)
! htons, htonl
! ntohs, ntohl
SockAddr.sin_port = htons(nPort);

Startup & Cleanup
WSAStartup( MAKEWORD(2,2), &WSADATA)
WSACleanup()

Create Socket
socket(AF_INET,
SOCK_STREAM,
IPPROTO_TCP);
socket(AF_INET,
SOCK_DGRAM,
IPPROTO_UDP);

Connect
connect(SOCKET tcp,
const struct sockaddr* SockAddr,
sizeof(SockAddr))

Send
int send( SOCKET s,
const char *buf,
int len,
int flags);

Demo
NodeJS
Server
Web Viewer
C++ TCP Client WebSocket Client

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4. Determinism & Lock Step Authoritative Server Mid-Game Join Floating point

5. Latency vs Lag

6. Fight Lag !   What is the Cause? !   Slower But Consistent Frame Rate !   Animations !   Client Side Prediction !   Learning Algorithms !   Markov Models !   Artificial Neural Networks

7. Client Side Prediction Linear Interpolation Jitter / Wobble

8. The Internets …

9. Peer To Peer (P2P)

10. Client / Server

11. Mesh

12. Network Stack

13. Sockets !   Extends Network Layer (Host to Host) !   End – to – End (App to App) !   APIs: WinSock & Berkley (BSD)

14. TCP vs UDP TCP !   Connection Based !   Delivery Guarantee !   Order Guarantee !   Flow Control !   Duplicates Deleted UDP !   Connectionless !   No Delivery Guarantee !   No Order Guarantee !   No Flow Control !   Duplicates

15. TCP/IP Network Host App Socket TCP IP Channel Channel Host App Socket TCP IP Ethernet, WiFi, Bluetooth

16. Addresses External Address Internal Address MAC Address ISP Geo Referenced Router Hardware IEEE Regulated

17. Ports !   Communication End Point !   Port Forwarding !   Internal Static IP !   Stay above 1024 !   Common Ports !   20: FTP !   80: HTTP !   443: HTTPS !   Registered Ports !   7778: Unreal !   26000: Quake !   27010: Half-Life !   27960: Quake III

18. Programming Sockets !   Blocking !   Non-Blocking !   Overlapped I/O !   Event Handle !   Completion Port

19. WinSock Procedure Client !   WinSock Init !   Create Socket !   Connect !   Send/Recv !   Close Socket !   WinSock Clean Up Server !   WinSock Init !   Create Socket !   Bind !   Listen !   Accept (New Socket) !   Send /Recv !   Close Socket !   WinSock Clean Up

20. TCP Procedure Create Socket Bind Listen Accept Create Socket Connect Send Recv Send Recv

21. Byte Order Endianness !   Big Endian !   MSB in Smallest Addr !   Intel !   Little Endian !   LSB in Smallest Addr !   Motorola Host vs Network !   Host Byte Order (Intel (Big-Endian) !   Network Byte Order (Big- Endian) ! htons, htonl ! ntohs, ntohl SockAddr.sin_port = htons(nPort);

22. Startup & Cleanup WSAStartup( MAKEWORD(2,2), &WSADATA) WSACleanup()

23. Create Socket socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);

24. Connect connect(SOCKET tcp, const struct sockaddr* SockAddr, sizeof(SockAddr))

25. Send int send( SOCKET s, const char *buf, int len, int flags);

26. Demo NodeJS Server Web Viewer C++ TCP Client WebSocket Client

27. Help Me Out gametheorylabs.com/smuGo To: Pick Color Set Color

28. Questions?