Application centric – how the cloud has changed the way we deploy, secure and connect The cloud has brought a new model for how we deploy applications. In the enterprise everything was put on the same network, ‘the intranet’. People claimed that things were safe there because they were, ‘behind the firewall’. It was easy to build a spaghetti of interconnections because everything could talk to everything. Cloud has changed all of that. At first it was just lonely virtual machines fending for themselves on the Internet, but now we have virtual private clouds (VPCs) and a multitude of ways to connect to them. Pretty much nobody has built a cloud intranet. The cloud is used to host applications, and each application gets its own security and connectivity. We’re moving to an application centric world. Cohesive Networks CTO Chris Swan spoke at the 2015 Internet and Mobile World. His talk, "Application centric – how the cloud has changed the way we deploy, secure and connect" presented on Day 2 10:15 - 11:00. The cloud has brought a new model for how we deploy applications. In the enterprise everything was put on the same network, ‘the intranet’. People claimed that things were safe there because they were, ‘behind the firewall’. It was easy to build a spaghetti of interconnections because everything could talk to everything. Cloud has changed all of that. At first it was just lonely virtual machines fending for themselves on the Internet, but now we have virtual private clouds (VPCs) and a multitude of ways to connect to them. Pretty much nobody has built a cloud intranet. The cloud is used to host applications, and each application gets its own security and connectivity. We’re moving to an application centric world.

1. Chris Swan, CTO, @cpswan
Application centric:
How the cloud has changed the way
we deploy, secure and connect

2. © 2015
Google moves its corporate apps to the Internet
2
Google Inc., taking a new approach to enterprise security, is moving its corporate
applications to the Internet. In doing so, the Internet giant is flipping common
corporate security practice on its head, shifting away from the idea of a trusted
internal corporate network secured by perimeter devices such as firewalls, in
favor of a model where corporate data can be accessed from anywhere with the
right device and user credentials.
The new model — called the BeyondCorp initiative — assumes that the
internal network is as dangerous as the Internet.
(Wall Street Journal | “Google Moves Its Corporate Applications to the Internet” | May 11, 2015 )

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Setting the scene

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Traditional apps
4
Business applications are collections of (virtual) servers
Is the “right” traffic going to/from our servers?
Database Tier
AppServer Tier
Web Tier
= type of server

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Modern architectures don’t change things that much
5
Micro services based applications are collections of services
Is the “right” traffic going to/from our services?
Persistence services
Business services
Front end services
= type of server

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Enterprise data center
6
Perimeter Security
Enterprise data centers are filled with these applications, often left
insecure by lack of focus on interior network paths.
20% of Security
Spend is on
“interior”, yet 80% of
the network traffic.
80% of Security Spend is on perimeter, 20% of traffic.

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Hard on the outside, soft on the inside
7
Perimeter Security
Hacker
Penetration

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One penetration creates major “East-West” exposure
8
Perimeter Security
On average
undetected for
234 days!

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Cloud architectures have been different

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2006 – The lonely (and exposed) VM
VM

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2008 - Overlays
VMVM VM
VM

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2009 - VPCs
VMVM VM VM

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Containment often not enough – overlays stayed
VM
VMVM VM VM

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Lots of people did something like this
VM

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Some even did something like this
VM VM

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And the really large (or paranoid) might do this
VM
VM

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Or even this
VM VM

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Thankfully almost nobody tries to do this

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What was that perimeter made of?
A quick detour to the worlds of:
Unified Threat Management (UTM)
and Application Delivery Controllers (ADC)

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Unified Threat Management
Firewall
NIDS/NIPS
AV
Anti Spam
VPN
DLP
Load Balancer
UTM

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Application Delivery Controllers
Cache
TLS offload
Compression
WAF
Multiplexing
Load Balancer
ADC
Traffic Shaping

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The UTM & ADC delivery model

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SDN and NFV

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Networks made from and configured by software

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We can put a bunch of ‘network’ onto a VM
Firewall
VPN
Switch
Router

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And add more functions into containers
Firewall
VPN
Switch
Router
Cache
TLS offload
WAF
Load Balancer
NIDS/NIPS

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This could be thought of as an app centric perimeter

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But it refactors very readily into microservices

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The audit paradox

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Building in
CC photo by WorldSkills

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What building in looks like

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Bolting on
CC photo by arbyreed

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What bolting on looks like

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PaaS gives us the chance to ‘bolt in’

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But Docker adoption shows a movement against
opinionated platforms

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If a security event happens and it isn’t monitored

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Some challenges remain

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ToDo: SecDevOps
APIs are necessary but not sufficient:
Need to have them integrated into the overall system
Control metadata (and its mutability):
Must be visible and understandable
Security events need to be captured:
Then turned into something humans can action