The document provides an overview of geomodelling, resource and reserve estimation, and pit optimization for mining projects. It discusses how borehole data, lithology, mineralization, and quality data are used in geomodelling software to create 3D geological models and cross sections. Resource and reserve estimation involves categorizing resources, estimating densities, recovery factors, and cut-off depths to determine geological, mineable, and extractable reserves. Pit optimization software is used to design optimal open pit mine plans that consider pit boundaries, slopes, benches, and production schedules to maximize profitability over the life of the mine.

1. Presented by
Chandra Bose (MAusIMM)
Exploration Geologist
“Geomodelling, Resource & Reserve
Estimation and Pit optimization”

2. Introduction
Geo - Modelling
Resource & Reserve
Estimation
Pit optimization
Software: Gemcom Minex, Surpac,
Minescape, Vulcan, 3D AutoCAD

3. Geo-Modelling
•Easting, Northing, Collar, Total depth, Azimuth, Dip, type(Coring
& Non-coring)Borehole data
•Borehole ID, From, to, Thickness, Rock typeBorehole lithology
•Borehole ID, From, to, Thickness, Seam ID/Ore NameSeam/Ore mineralization
•BHID, Ore name, respective elements like Fe, Si, S, Ca, K, P, etc.Quality (Assay) data
•Easting, Northing, Collar (Surface Reduced Level (SRL))Topography
Mining Block Boundary
Coordinates
( All the inputs should be available in CSV format)

4. Geo-Modelling
3D Borehole section

5. Geo-Modelling
Interpretation from Geo-Modelling
• Fault position (Structural Elements)
• Roof contour
• Floor contour
• Iso-Core contour (thickness)
• Iso-Grade contour
• Iso-Depth contour
Geological cross section
• Along strike
• Along dip
Delineation of In crop /outcrop of ore body/coal seams etc.
Borehole profile
(Generate in string format than exported into DXF/DWG format)

6. Geo-Modelling
Borehole section Borehole correlation

7. Geo-Modelling
3D depict Ore body positions underneath surface
Depict integrated with Floor, Iso-core, Iso -grade and Fault position of mineralized zone

8. Resource and Reserve Estimation

9. Resource and Reserve Estimation
Resource categorization
Reserve categorization

10. Resource and Reserve Estimation
Iso-core grid
Density / Specific gravity
Recovery factor
• Considering Geological disturbance and mining loss
Topo grid
Quality grid

11. Reserve Estimation
Geological Reserves
Thickness wise
Grade wise
Depth wise
Mineable Reserves
Extractable Reserves
Barrier - infrastructure, Bench, conveyor belt etc.
In suite reserve underneath Reserves
Cut off depth
Generally mineable reserve (OP- 60 % & UG 30 – 40% Recovery)
Extractable thickness
Mineable loss/ Dilution

12. Resource and Reserve Estimation

13. Pit Optimization

14. Prior to the Pit Excavations i.e. Axis Trench cutting design
Mine infrastructures and surface pit head designs includes ore stock yards
Box cut of Open Pit Design / Mine Layout
Year wise Pits/Mine Layouts with desired production figures etc.
Periodical Face wise Opencast Mining operational designs suitable to the machinery input and targeted
production outputs
Haulage Roads layout mine designs
Pumping layout designs
Pit Optimization

15. Electrical /substations Layouts
OB Dumping layouts and waste dump & topsoil dumps management pit designs etc.
Internal dumps planning and Remanding dumping programing etc.
Conceptual mine planning pit design
Mine closure and Land use in the mining project designs etc.
Mine Environmental management and impact designs
Mining economics estimations and profit and loss details planning’s etc.
Ore beneficiation plants planning and profitable mine dispatches technics etc.
Mine funding and revenue programing from the beginning of the projects also can be estimated with
this software
Pit Optimization

16. Pit Boundary
Slope angle
Bench Height & Width
No of Bench
Surface RL and Floor RL (Cut off
depth/ Querry bottom
Pit Optimization

17. Pit Optimization

18. Pit Optimization
Sectional view
Typical mine plan

19. Thank you