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Semelhante a Male Sterility.pptx
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Male Sterility.pptx
- 1. Male Sterility Rommel M. Garrido Jr., MSc Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics College of Agriculture and Food Sciences Visayas State University PBre112 – Methods in Plant Breeding
- 2. Autogamy Mechanism that promote autogamy 1. Cleistogamy 2. Chasmogamy Mechanism that prevent autogamy 1. Self-incompatibility 2. Male sterility 3. Dichogamy
- 3. Autogamy
- 4. Male Sterility - a plant condition whereby pollens or anthers are non-functional - this condition enforces cross pollination - a tool used in hybrid seed production Different manifestations: - absence or scarcity of viable pollen - absence or malformation of stamens or flowers - failure of pollen to dehisce
- 5. Male Sterility Kinds of male sterility: a. True male sterility – plant lacks male sex organs or with abnormal microspores b. Functional sterility – plant lacks the ability to release pollen (even if fertile) c. Induced male sterility – sterility is induced with the use of physical or chemical agents
- 6. True Male Sterility Three kinds: a. Genetic male sterility (GMS) b. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) c. Cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility
- 7. Genetic Male Sterility also known as nuclear or genic male sterility manifested as pollen abortion or abnormal anther development conditioned by a single recessive nuclear gene, ms plants with Ms gene have normal anther development
- 8. Genetic Male Sterility the sterility gene expression may vary with the environment nearly all diploid and polyploid species of plants could have at least one male sterility locus the ms gene has been found in the ff. species: - barley, cotton, soybean, tomato, potato, and lima bean
- 9. Genetic Male Sterility how to identify genetic male sterility in plants? Markers linked to GMS - bright green hypocotyls in broccoli, potato leaf shape, and green stem in tomato Use molecular markers associated with GMS - codominant markers are the best
- 10. Genetic Male Sterility how to maintain the genetic male sterile types? msms X Msms msms Msms 50% of the plants will be male sterile 50% of the plants will be male fertile
- 12. Cytoplasmic Male Sterility controlled by the cytoplasm (mitochondrial gene) - normal (N) cytoplasm are fertile - sterile (s) cytoplasm causes male sterility or said to have CMS CMS is maternally transmitted has been found in the ff. species: - corn, sorghum, sugar beet, carrot, sunflower, and flax
- 13. Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Application: Is everything ok?
- 14. Cytoplasmic-Genetic Male Sterility CMS are modified by the fertility- restoring gene in the nucleus Normal pollen or CMS is ineffective when the Rf gene is present Three systems of CGMS
- 16. Summary Male sterility is a tool to eliminate tedious and time-consuming emasculation process in hybrid seed production Use male sterile line as female parents GMS is problematic (difficult to produce pure populations of male sterile plants) CMS is routinely used in hybrid seed production
Notas do Editor
- the male sterility system should be stable in a wide range of environments and inhibit virtually all seed production