When designing a boiler control application and when defining the combustion control specifications the understanding of the combustion process is a necessity.

1. BASIC BIOMASS BOILER - OVERVIEW
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
FURNACE
BOILER
BIOMASS
STORAGE
FEEDWATER
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M M
CYCLONE
NG
BIOGAS
FLUE
STACK
AIR
OVERFIRE
FAN
ID FAN
FLUE GASES
BIOMASS
STORAGE
AIR UNDERFIRE
FAN
M
MHIDRAULIC
OIL TANK
3 X SCREW CONVEYOR
FEEDER
3 X BELT CONVEYOR
FEEDER
2 X SCREW CONVEYOR
2 X BELT CONVEYOR
STEAM
AIR
AIR
AIR

2. BASIC BIOMASS BOILER -
INTRODUTION
When designing a boiler control application and when defining the combustion control specifications the understanding of the
combustion process is a necessity.
MAIN FEATURE
The Boiler example shown here is a Biomass Boiler with 3 Burns:
- Biomass + Biogas “ When Biogas is available on site “ or Biomass only.
- Natural Gas “ When Biomass is unavailable on site “ + Biogas “ When Biogas is available on site “ or Natural Gas only.
NOTE
The Biomass type used is woodchip.
OPERATING
The operating strategy is based on Cost of Fuel.
Natural Gas only “ Solution with the higher cost “
Natural Gas + Biogas
Biomass only
Biomass + Biogas “ Solution with the lowest cost “
FLOW of FUEL = ( FLOW of COMBUSTION AIR * STOICHIOMETRIC AIR / FUEL ) + PERCENTAGE of EXCESS AIR
RATIO = ( FLOW of COMBUSTION AIR + FLOW of EXCESS AIR ) / FLOW of FUEL

3. BASIC BIOMASS BOILER - CONTROL
BOILER CONTROL OBJECTIVES
BOILER Level Control Loop - Feedwater
Pressure Control Loop - Pressure
Pressure Control Loop - Steam
BIOMASS BURNER Combustion Control Loop - Burner “ Control of relation between Biomass and Combustion Air “
NATURAL GAS BURNER Pressure Control Loop - Natural Gas Line
Combustion Control Loop - Burner “ Control of relation between Natural Gas and Combustion Air “
BIOGAS BURNER Pressure Control Loop - Biogas Line
Combustion Control Loop - Burner “ Control of relation between Biogas and Combustion Air “
BELT CONVEYOR FEED Speed Control Loop

4. PLC
BASIC BIOMASS BOILER - AUTOMATION
IHM
OPERAÇÃO
REMOTA
IHM
OPERAÇÃO
LOCAL
ETHERNET-IP
ETHERNET-IP
IHM
GN
MODBUS - RTU
IHM
BIOGAS
ETHERNET-IP
M
IFD
M
IFD
M
IFD
M
IFD
M
IFD
M
IFD
DAMPER AR
I/P
DESCARGA FUNDOS
I/P
ASAS
DESCARGA FUNDOS
I/P
AS
CPU
COMM
COMM
COMM
IOmodule
IOmodule
IOmodule
IOmodule
DAMPER AR
M
VALVULA GN
M
PROGRAMADOR
CHAMA
DAMPER AR
M
VALVULA BIOGAS
M
PROGRAMADOR
CHAMA
PAINEL PLC
CCM