10. German woman carrying a few possessions runs from burning building in Seigburg, Germany. Fire started by Nazi saboteur. April 13, 1945. T4c. Troy A. Peters, USA. (Roberts Commission)
11. "Then came the big day when we marched into Germany- right through the Siegfried Line." 1945. Army. (OWI) Exact Date Shot Unknown
12. What’s in a caption? The 5 W’s Who, What, When, Where, Why How Your byline
14. Writing good captions Write in complete sentences. Research if you don’t know. Remember the ABC’s: Be Accurate. Be Brief. Be Clear.
15. Who? Who is the subject of the caption? Person(s): Provide their rank, full name, title or occupation and complete military unit. Object(s): Provide the equipment name and model, ship name and hull number, name and model of aircraft or vehicles.
16. Who is the subject? Combat-rubber-reconnaissance-craft with Marines of the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit (31st MEU) aboard are recovered at the stern gate of the amphibious dock landing ship USS Harpers Ferry (LSD 49). (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Jane Doe/Released) Combat-rubber-reconnaissance-craft with Marines of the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit (31st MEU) aboard are recovered at the stern gate of the amphibious dock landing ship USS Harpers Ferry (LSD 49). (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Jane Doe/Released)
17. Who is the subject? Combat-rubber-reconnaissance-craft with Marines of the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit (31st MEU) aboard are recovered at the stern gate of the amphibious dock landing ship USS Harpers Ferry (LSD 49). (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Jane Doe/Released)
18. Who is the subject? U.S. Marines assigned to the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit return to the amphibious dock landing ship USS Harpers Ferry (LSD49) via combat rubber reconnaissance craft while operating in the Philippine Sea Sept. 19, 2010. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist Seaman Jane Doe/Released)
19. ID by placement U.S. Army Spc. Cornelius Miller, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment supply clerk, from Miami, Fla., and U.S. Army Spc. Anthony De Leon, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, communications specialist from Harlington, Texas, inventory radios to be sent out to their battalions companies Sept. 16, at Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Jon Doe/Released)
20. ID by placement U.S. Army Spc. Cornelius Miller, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment supply clerk, from Miami, Fla., and U.S. Army Spc. Anthony De Leon, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, communications specialist from Harlington, Texas, inventory radios to be sent out to their battalions companies Sept. 16, at Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Jon Doe/Released)
21. ID by placement Miller U.S. Army Spc. Cornelius Miller, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment supply clerk, from Miami, Fla., and U.S. Army Spc. Anthony De Leon, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, communications specialist from Harlington, Texas, inventory radios to be sent out to their battalions companies Sept. 16, at Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Jon Doe/Released)
22. ID by placement Miller U.S. Army Spcs. Anthony De Leon, left, a communications specialist, and Cornelius Miller, a supply clerk, both with Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion, 187th Infantry Regiment, inventory radios at Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan, Sept. 16, 2010. The radios were being sent out to various companies in the 1st Battalion. (U.S. Army photo by Pfc. Jon Doe/Released)
23. What? What is the subject doing? Describe the action in the photo. Be specific, but be careful not to state the obvious. Use active voice.
24. VOLK FIELD, Wis. ??? Royal Netherlands air force Sgt 1st Class Isabella De Boer, a nurse in the Royal Netherlands air force, prepares a patient with burns covering his body for aeromedical evacuation during the overseas contingency operation exercise portion of the Patriot Exercise 2010 at Volk Field, Wis., July 18. (U.S. Air Force photo by Sara Smith/Released)
25. VOLK FIELD, Wis. ??? Royal Netherlands air force Sgt 1st Class Isabella De Boer, a nurse in the Royal Netherlands air force, prepares a patient with burns covering his body for aeromedical evacuation during the overseas contingency operation exercise portion of the Patriot Exercise 2010 at Volk Field, Wis., July 18. (U.S. Air Force photo by Sara Smith/Released)
26. Royal Netherlands Air Force Sgt. 1st Class Isabella De Boer, a nurse, prepares a dummy simulating a burn victim for aeromedical evacuation during the overseas contingency operation exercise portion of Patriot Exercise 2010 at Volk Field, Wis., July 18, 2010. (U.S. Air Force photo by Sara Smith/Released)
27. When? When is it happening? Provide the complete date and, if pertinent, the time. Don’t use “on” before the date. Spell out months with fewer than six letters in their names. March, April, etc.
28. PORT GENTIL, Gabon - Lance Corporal Zach Stevens, Ground Combat Element, Security Cooperation Task Force, Africa Partnership Station 2011, conducts physical training alongside Gabonese and Brazzaville-Congolese service members in Port Gentil, Gabon, recently. (Photo by Lance Corporal Tom Jones)
29. PORT GENTIL, Gabon - Lance Corporal Zach Stevens, Ground Combat Element, Security Cooperation Task Force, Africa Partnership Station 2011, conducts physical training alongside Gabonese and Brazzaville-Congolese service members in Port Gentil, Gabon, recently. (Photo by Lance Corporal Tom Jones)
30. U.S. Marine Corps Lance Cpl. Zach Stevens, foreground, assigned to the Ground Combat Element, Security Cooperation Task Force, Africa Partnership Station 2011, conducts physical training alongside Gabonese and Brazzaville-Congolese service members in Port Gentil, Gabon, June 2, 2011. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. Tom Jones/Released)
31. Where? Where is it happening? Provide the geographic location and name of the base, facility or organization. If there is no city, give a region or general area (such as “near the Syrian border”). If on a ship, give the ship name as well as where it is under way or moored. Note if it is at an undisclosed location.
32.
33. U.S. Army Sgt. Christopher L. Dixon, a section sergeant with 1st Platoon, Delta Company, 2nd Battalion, 327th Infantry Regiment, Task Force Spartan, provides security while Soldiers from his unit prepare to board their vehicles in Nangarhar province, Afghanistan, Sept. 26, 2010.
34.
35. U.S. Marine Corps Lance Cpl. Joe Brown digs with a shovel while searching for weapons caches in Zaidon, Iraq, Aug. 15, 2007. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Sgt. Steve Smith/Released)
36. U.S. Marine Corps Lance Cpl. Joe Brown, right, searches for weapons caches in Zaidon, Iraq, Aug. 15, 2007. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Sgt. Steve Smith/Released)
37. Writing tips Define all acronyms. DoD Dictionary of Military Terms: http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/dod_dictionary/ BM1 Bill Smith is assigned to EOD Mobile Unit 11. Members of the 131 FW, Missouri ANG build F-15A external fuel tanks during an ORE. CTF Thunder participates in a MEDCAP. A memorial stands at LSA 5.5. Don’t editorialize.
38. PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti (Mar. 18, 2010) Not five minutes ago this young Haitian boy listed to a class on the importance of clean hands and here he is washing his hands before he eats. Programs set up by USAID are great examples of Haitians helping Haitians in Port au Prince. Young people are giving classes on sanitation and HIV prevention to folks in IDP camps and local neighborhoods to prevent the spread of disease. Programs like these are very important pieces of the huge puzzle that is the rebuilding of Haiti after a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck the Port au prince area.
39. PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti (Mar. 18, 2010) Not five minutes ago this young Haitian boy listed to a class on the importance of clean hands and here he is washing his hands before he eats. Programs set up by USAID are great examples of Haitians helping Haitians in Port au Prince. Young people are giving classes on sanitation and HIV prevention to folks in IDP camps and local neighborhoods to prevent the spread of disease. Programs like these are very important pieces of the huge puzzle that is the rebuilding of Haiti after a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck the Port au prince area. PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti (Mar. 18, 2010) Not five minutes ago this young Haitian boy listed to a class on the importance of clean hands and here he is washing his hands before he eats. Programs set up by USAID are great examples of Haitians helping Haitians in Port au Prince. Young people are giving classes on sanitation and HIV prevention to folks in IDP camps and local neighborhoods to prevent the spread of disease. Programs like these are very important pieces of the huge puzzle that is the rebuilding of Haiti after a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck the Port au prince area.
40. A Haitian boy washes his hands before he eats in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, March 18, 2010. Under the guidance of the U.S. Agency for International Development, Haitian students are teaching classes on sanitation and HIV prevention to residents of the city as international aid groups help the people of the island nation rebuild their country following a 7.0-magnitude earthquake Jan. 12, 2010. (U.S. Navy photo by Senior Chief Mass Communication Specialist Davy Jones/Released)
41.
42. Be careful when constructing the first sentence; misplaced elements can cause confusion.
43.
44. Be careful when constructing the first sentence; misplaced elements can cause confusion.
45. U.S. Navy Engineman 2nd Class Tommy Neely holds his son Aug. 5, 2011, after returning home from a seven-month independent deployment aboard the guided missile destroyer USS Bainbridge (DDG 96).Writing tips
50. U.S. Army Staff Sgt. Michael Isherwood, a squad leader attached to the Laghman Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT), points out cracks in a newly poured concrete slab during a quality assurance and inspection mission in the Qharghyee district of Afghanistan Aug. 1, 2011. Laghman PRT's engineers wereinspecting various construction projects around Laghman province.Writing tips
51. Writing tips Include release status in the caption. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. John Smith/Released) Consider your audience.
52. 27 June 2007, Marineswith the Regimental Combat Team-2 (RCT-2) Lioness Program listen to an experienced Lioness speak on Al Asad Air Base, Iraq. Information from this lecture will give the Lionesses knowledge about what to expect at their stations. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Pfc. Amy Jones/Released) CONSIDER YOUR AUDIENCE
53. 27 June 2007, Marineswith the Regimental Combat Team-2 (RCT-2) Lioness Program listen to an experienced Lioness speak on Al Asad Air Base, Iraq. Information from this lecture will give the Lionesses knowledge about what to expect at their stations. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Pfc. Amy Jones/Released) Not a Marine! CONSIDER YOUR AUDIENCE
54. 27 June 2007, Marineswith the Regimental Combat Team-2 (RCT-2) Lioness Program listen to an experienced Lioness speak on Al Asad Air Base, Iraq. Information from this lecture will give the Lionesses knowledge about what to expect at their stations. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Pfc. Amy Jones/Released) Not a Marine! CONSIDER YOUR AUDIENCE
55. U.S. Sailors and Marines with the Regimental Combat Team2 Lioness program listen to an experienced Lioness speak at Al Asad Air Base, Iraq, June 27, 2007. The Lioness program was created in response to Iraqi cultural sensitivities regarding male-female interaction. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Pfc. Amy Jones/Released) Not a Marine! CONSIDER YOUR AUDIENCE
57. Grammatical mistakes Iraqi Army 2nd company 208th battalion getting squad ,platoon and company level tasks trainings from 2-116 Cav 116 engineers, Fob Warrior, kirkuk, Iraq, 2 june, 2007. (U.S. Army photo by Spc. Joe Brown/Released)
58. Iraqi soldiers with 2nd Company, 208th Battalion get squad-, platoon- and company-level task training from U.S. Soldiers with the 2nd Battalion, 116th Cavalry Regiment at Forward Operating Base Warrior in Kirkuk, Iraq, June 2, 2007. (U.S. Army photo by Spc. Joe Brown/Released) Grammatical mistakes
60. Too much information Airman 1st Class Jose Maneiro frees the driver side door of a M931 tractor rig at Balad Air Base in Iraq. The AM General based tractor is being stripped to receive a permanent add-on-armor kit. The armor provides the driver and gunner protection against weapons fire and IED explosions. Maneiro is deployed to the 732nd Expeditionary Logistics Squadron, Balad Air Base, Iraq. At the dining facilities, he says the when people learn of what he does, he says, they say “Thanks, I really appreciate what you’re doing!” The unit is comprised of active duty and reserve component vehicle maintenance technicians who support the Army Field Support Battalion- Iraq. The installation of the Level II Add on Armor (AOA) kits provides a high degree of protection to the troops operating outside the wire. Survivors of improvised explosive device explosions, often e-mail the unit to give their thanks for them doing such a great armor installation job. This, the final phase of the AF mission, will end with the turnover to contractors in late January 2006. To date the Air Force AoA mission has fielded more than 1,300. Maneiro is stationed at Moody Air Force Base GA and is a native of Linden, NJ.
61. Too much information U.S. Air Force Airman 1st Class Jose Maneiro, assigned to the 732nd Expeditionary Logistics Squadron, frees the driver-side door of an M931 tractor rig at Balad Air Base in Iraq. Maneiro was stripping the tractor to outfit it with permanent add-on armor. (U.S. Air Force photo by Tech. Sgt. C.L. Chennault/Released)
63. Rear Admiral Sanchez, with the Mexican Marines stands in front of a formation of Mexican and U.S. Marines form 4th Platoon, Company C, 3d Assault Amphibian Battalion, 1st Marine Division, to honor the American forces for their time spend in Calima, Mexico training on June 21st 2010. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Bob Smith/Released) Missing or wrong information
64. Rear Admiral Sanchez, with the Mexican Marines stands in front of a formation of Mexican and U.S. Marines form 4th Platoon, Company C, 3d Assault Amphibian Battalion, 1st Marine Division, to honor the American forces for their time spend in Calima, Mexico training on June 21st 2010. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Bob Smith/Released) Missing or wrong information
65. A Mexican naval infantry officer stands in front of a formation of Mexican naval infantrymen and U.S. Marines from 4th Platoon, Charlie Company,3rd Assault Amphibian Battalion, 1st Marine Division June 21, 2010, at the end of Southern Exchange 2010in Colima, Mexico. The Marines were attached to Special Purpose Marine Air Ground Task Force 24 for the exercise, which is designed to enhance cooperative partnerships with maritime forces from Argentina, Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay and Columbia. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Bob Smith/Released) Missing or wrong information
66. Common errors Grammatical mistakes Too much (irrelevant) information Missing or wrong information Generic (batch) captions for a series of images
67. Batch captions U.S. Marine Maj. Gen. Richard P. Mills, commander, along with Sgt. Maj. Michael Barrett, command Sgt. Maj. of Regional Command Southwest, conduct a command visit with 3rd Battalion, 8th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division in Helmand province, Afghanistan on Feb. 19, 2011. Mills and Barrett received briefs and spoke with various members of the unit supporting the International Security Assistance Force.
68.
69. Batch captions U.S. Marines assigned to 3rd Battalion, 8th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division rest under their tent at an undisclosed base in Helmand, Afghanistan, Feb. 19, 2011. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Chesty Puller/Released)
70. Batch captions Sending a series of images with the same caption: Is a missed opportunity to tell the story of the image. Can result in mismatched captions and images. Can make a good photo unusable.
71. Editing tips Check for the 5 W’s. Ensure accuracy: don’t guess about technical details. Proofread for grammar, AP and DoD style. Delete extra words and information.
72. Release instructions Signature block Name, Title, Duty position Phone number Email address Release status Released, Not Released, FOUO/SBU
73. Video captions The same rules apply for both still and video captions. Make sure your slate can be read after converting. Include contact information You Your release authority
74. :Unclassified and RELEASED: 26 Dec 10 101226-M-OU812-001 RT 02:17 UNCLASSIFIED and RELEASED 3/5 Marines On Patrol U.S. Marines assigned to the 3rd Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment conduct a routine foot patrol in Helmand province, Afghanistan, Dec. 26, 2010. The unit routinely conducts joint patrols with their Afghan National Army counterparts. (U.S. Marine Corps Cpl. Meghan Duprey/Released) Cleared by: VI Professional: Sgt. David Boyer, MNCI Cpl. Meghan Duprey PAO/28th PAD I MEF COMCAM DSN 318-822-1111 DSN 318-555-1111 Jacob.boyer@us.army.mil meghan.duprey@gmail.com
75. Dod style guide The guide is available at defenseimagery.mil under the “Learning Resources” tab Awaiting approval of the new DoDI 5040.02 Send suggested additions or changes to DIMOC staff at stills@defenseimagery.mil or defenseimagery@defenseimagery.mil
78. PATROL BASE SHARK, Helmand province, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan – Marines load up the small vehicle with cases of water under an evening sky in Afghanistan. The Combined Anti-Armor Teams with the unit frequently make trips to several posts around their area of operations on re-supply missions. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Mark Smith/Released)
79. PATROL BASE SHARK, Helmand province, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan – Marines load up the small vehicle with cases of water under an evening sky in Afghanistan. The Combined Anti-Armor Teams with the unit frequently make trips to several posts around their area of operations on re-supply missions. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Mark Smith/Released)
80. U.S. Marines with 3rd Battalion, 4th Marine Regiment load up a small vehicle with cases of water at Patrol Base Shark in Helmand province, Afghanistan, April 25, 2011. The unit's combined anti-armor teams made trips to several posts around their area of operations on resupply missions. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Mark Smith/Released)
81.
82. PATROL BASE JAMIL, Helmand province, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan - Marines of 3rd Platoon, Company A, 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment, return to their patrol base from an overnight patrol in Sangin, Afghanistan, April 30. Night patrols give the Marines a different perspective, limit enemy maneuverability and give 3rd Platoon the ability to compensate for some of the obstacles in their surroundings.. (U.S. Marine photo by Cpl. Brian Smith/Released)
83. PATROL BASE JAMIL, Helmand province, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan - Marines of 3rd Platoon, Company A, 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment, return to their patrol base from an overnight patrol in Sangin, Afghanistan, April 30. Night patrols give the Marines a different perspective, limit enemy maneuverability and give 3rd Platoon the ability to compensate for some of the obstacles in their surroundings.. (U.S. Marine photo by Cpl. Brian Smith/Released)
84. U.S. Marines assigned to 3rd Platoon, Alpha Company, 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment return to Patrol Base Jamil in Helmand province, Afghanistan, after an overnight patrol in Sangin, Afghanistan, April 30, 2011. Night patrols give the Marines a different perspective, limit enemy maneuverability and give 3rd Platoon the ability to compensate for some of the obstacles in their surroundings. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Brian Smith/Released)
85.
86. CAMP JOHNSON, NC- U.S. Marine Corps Sergeant Major Timothy B. Manchester (center), Sergeant Major, Marine Corps Combat Service Support Schools (MCCSSS), poses with the winners of the Miss North and South Carolina Pageant and Miss North Carolina Teen Pageant before their tour begins aboard Camp Johnson, NC, Aug. 2, 2011. The delegates toured MCCSSS to show their support and greet the U.S. Marines aboard the base. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. John Doe/Released)
87. CAMP JOHNSON, NC- U.S. Marine Corps Sergeant Major Timothy B. Manchester (center), Sergeant Major, Marine Corps Combat Service Support Schools (MCCSSS), poses with the winners of the Miss North and South Carolina Pageant and Miss North Carolina Teen Pageant before their tour begins aboard Camp Johnson, NC, Aug. 2, 2011. The delegates toured MCCSSS to show their support and greet the U.S. Marines aboardthe base. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. John Doe/Released)
88. U.S. Marine Corps Sgt. Maj. Timothy B. Manchester, center, the sergeant major of Marine Corps Combat Service Support Schools (MCCSSS), poses with Bree Boyce, Miss South Carolina;Vanessa McClelland, Miss North Carolina Teen; and Hailey Best, Miss North Carolina; before the start of a tour of Camp Johnson, N.C., Aug. 2, 2011. The delegates toured MCCSSS to show their support and greet the Marines aboard the base. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. John Doe/Released)
89.
90. HM3 Rogers with 3rd Assault Amphibian Battalion, 1st Marine Division finds a members from his unit hiding for a cover and concealment class during jungle warfare training in Columbia on August 9, 2010. The unit was deployed in support of operation Partnership of the Americas/ Columbia, a combined amphibious exercise designed to enhance cooperative partnerships with maritime forces from 9 other nations. ..(U.S. Marine Photo photo by Cpl Brian Smith/Released)
91. HM3 Rogers with 3rd Assault Amphibian Battalion, 1st Marine Division finds a members from his unit hiding for a cover and concealment class during jungle warfare training in Columbiaon August 9, 2010. The unit was deployed in support of operation Partnership of the Americas/ Columbia, a combined amphibious exercise designed to enhance cooperative partnerships with maritime forces from 9 other nations. ..(U.S. Marine Photo photo by Cpl Brian Smith/Released)
92. A U.S. Navy hospital corpsman with 3rd Assault Amphibian Battalion, 1st Marine Division finds members of his unit hiding during a cover and concealment class during jungle warfare training in Colombia Aug. 9, 2010. The unit was deployed in support of Partnership of the Americas/Southern Exchange, an annual platoon-level multinational exchange executed by U.S. Marine Corps Forces, South, that focuses on enhancing proficiency and interoperability between the U.S. Marine Corps and partner nations in peacekeeping, disaster relief and combined operations. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Cpl. Brian Smith/Released)
93.
94. Corporal Thomas A. Strickland, with Company I, Battalion Landing Team 3/8, 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit, takes a knee to fire his Battle Sight Zero on the flight deck aboard USS Kearsarge, while traveling to Pakistan, September 06, 2010. 26th MEU deployed aboard the ships of Kearsarge Amphibious Ready Group in late August responding to an order by the Secretary of Defense to support Pakistan flood relief efforts. (Official USMC photo by Sgt. James Smith/ Released)
95. Corporal Thomas A. Strickland, with Company I, Battalion Landing Team 3/8, 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit, takes a knee to fire his Battle Sight Zero on the flight deck aboard USS Kearsarge, while traveling to Pakistan, September 06, 2010. 26th MEU deployed aboard the ships of Kearsarge Amphibious Ready Group in late August responding to an order by the Secretary of Defense to support Pakistan flood relief efforts. (Official USMC photo by Sgt. James Smith/ Released)
96. U.S. Marine Corps Cpl. Thomas A. Strickland, with India Company, Battalion Landing Team, 3rd Battalion, 8th Marine Regiment, 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU), takes a knee to fire an M4 carbine during a battlesight zero range on the flight deck of amphibious assault ship USS Kearsarge (LHD 3) in the Atlantic Ocean en route to Pakistan Sept. 6, 2010. The 26th MEU, deployed aboard the ships of the Kearsarge Amphibious Ready Group, was deployed in support of Pakistan flood relief efforts. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Sgt. James Smith/Released)
Iconic images need no (or very little) explanation.
What does that mean? An iconic image is likely to stand the test of time. A caption isn’t necessarily going to add much more information than the viewer already knows through context and cultural knowledge. But! Identifying whether an image will become iconic is next to impossible.
Most images won’t stand the test of time without a little help. A caption for these kinds of images is the only way that context can be transmitted. Images can also transmit their context to other images.
The context for this image is established by Eddie Adams’ picture from Vietnam of NguyễnNgọc Loan executing NguyễnVănLém, but you probably still want to know what’s going on here. An artists’ collective called Henry VIII’s Wives decided to reenact famous photos using senior citizens.
This image has become iconic, but what’s the full story? Who is this guy? Why is he being shot?
This is a good caption. We know who, what, when, where, why and how. We also know who shot it and for whom. The photographer’s rank is Technician 4th Grade.
This is a bad caption. It has basically no information about what’s going on in the photo. Who’s marching? Where are they? When did this occur? What’s the Siegfried Line? Who shot this?The lack of a byline is in keeping with the general practices of that time, but now we want to keep track of who the photographer is, and you want to keep track of your images.
What goes into a caption is pretty straightforward. Treat it like a lead.Who, what, when, where and whyWho is that? (And, in most cases, identify people from left to right unless the action in the photograph demands otherwise.) Why is this picture in the paper/on the Web? What's going on? When and where was this? Why does he/she/it/they look that way? How did this occur?
If you want to write a good caption, there’s more you should know.
Accurate in content: This ensures that the imagery is newsworthy, is of historical/archival value, and can be more easily retrieved from databases. Grammatical and stylistic accuracy: Refer to the AP style guide and the DoD style guide. You can find everything from how to hyphenate prefixesto whether or not to capitalize “first lady.”
Ensure that the who is actually the who, that the subject is actually the person or thing performing the action.An argument can be made that the guy in the foreground is actually the subject, but since these came to us with batch captions we don’t know for certain if he’s a Sailor or a Marine, so the editor used the available information.Photographer’s names have been taken from the captions to protect the innocent, but all captions should include the photographer’s name and the image’s release status.
Image downloaded from USAFRICOM website, no metadata in the image other than EXIF data. When was the photo taken?
Image downloaded from USAFRICOM website, no metadata in the image other than EXIF data.
Undisclosed location-SecDef’s photographer provided images that didn’t say where they were taken, so we went online to look for where he was on those days. Added the publicly available info to the captions, but also contacted the photographer to explain the holdup in posting. She said the location was supposed to be undisclosed, but we had no way of knowing that because she didn’t tell us.Don’t be the guy who sends in photos with undisclosed location in the caption and Djibouti in the metadata.
BM-Boatswain’s MateEOD-Explosive Ordnance DisposalFW-Fighter WingANG-Air National GuardORE-Operational Readiness ExerciseCTF-Combined Task Force or Commander Task ForceMEDCAP-Medical Civic Action ProgramLSA-Life Support Area (Marines) or Logistical Support Area (Army)
This is an example of both not defining acronyms and editorializing.
This is an example of both not defining acronyms and editorializing.
This is an example of both not defining acronyms and editorializing.
No period in or after the byline.The audience for DoD photos is not only military, but even if you’re producing a product that is intended only for the military, things change over time and what was once common knowledge becomes a mystery.
Write in complete sentences.
Write in complete sentences.
Don’t send the press release as your caption. Don’t include quotes or hometowns in the caption.
Don’t send the press release as your caption. Don’t include quotes or hometowns in the caption.
Mexico doesn’t have a Marine Corps. Full ID is first and last name. We don’t know why this guy is standing in front of U.S. Marines.
Mexico doesn’t have a Marine Corps. Full ID is first and last name. We don’t know why this guy is standing in front of U.S. Marines.
Mexico doesn’t have a Marine Corps. Full ID is first and last name. We don’t know why this guy is standing in front of U.S. Marines.
What might this photo look like? Note that there’s no byline or base name.
The previous caption accompanied this photo, along with several others. Most of them didn’t show Gen. Mills at all.
Here is the caption as we published it. It says undisclosed base because we didn’t get location information with the photo.
The character in gold is a copy/paste error that sometimes occurs when captions written in Microsoft Word are pasted into an image editing program. If you must use a dateline, you should still include the location and date in the caption.Problems with this caption: Captions don’t have datelines. Whose Marines? Which small vehicle? When is this occurring? Where is this occurring? There are many combined anti-terror teams, so lowercase the name. Which unit?
Missing information came from other images in the series and the image metadata.
Problems with this caption: Captions don’t have datelines. Whose Marines? Spell out company names. What year is this occurring? Where are they returning to? Extra periods. Service in byline is incomplete.
Problems with this caption: Captions don’t have datelines. “Sergeant Major” is in incorrect style. Locations in the photo frame should be set off by commas, not parenthesis. These are titles, what are the women’s names? Aboard is for ships, not bases. “NC” is in incorrect style. Delegates from what (delegates represent an organization). The Marines are already identified as American, so unless another nationality appears in the caption, you need “U.S.” only once.
Note on punctuation (in gold): Use semicolons to separate elements of a series when the items in the series are long or when individual segments contain material that must also be set off by commas.
Problems with this caption: What service? Navy rating should be spelled out. What is his first name? Is it a member or members? The country is “Colombia,” not “Columbia.” Don’t use “on” before dates. Month should be abbreviated. The exercise name is incorrect. Extra periods. Service in byline is incomplete. Photo should be lowercase. Rank in byline is missing a period.Note about unit (in gold): If the photographer had provided a full name, the unit would be set off by commas. In that case the unit only serves to provide extra information about someone who is already fully identified. Without the full name, the unit is not set off by commas because it is helping to narrow down a non-specific identity. See the next slide.
Information about the exercise came from press releases.
Problems with this caption: Service? Rank is in incorrect style. Spell out company names. Spell out unit abbreviations on first reference. Cite abbreviations that will appear later (MEU). He is firing a weapon, not a Battle Sight Zero. Comma isn’t needed. Traveling isn’t quite the right word. September should be abbreviated. The date is in incorrect style. What is a MEU? Byline is in incorrect style.Note on text in gold: All troop movements are in response to orders from the Secretary of Defense. This is both wordy and not informative.