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Part of Made in India,
Design Innovation
Workshop,2015
A	
  Fresh	
  New	
  Experience	
  in	
  
Project-­‐Making	
  &	
  Learning!
PHYSICSINVESTIGATORY
PROJECTON
WHEATSTONEBRIDGE
Do	
  you	
  know	
  how	
  a	
  low	
  temperature	
  alarm	
  
works?	
  A	
  thermistor	
  is	
  used	
  in	
  place	
  of	
  one	
  of	
  the	
  
bridge	
  resistors.	
  The	
  resistance	
  of	
  the	
  thermistor	
  is	
  
inversely	
  propor=onal	
  to	
  the	
  temperature	
  it	
  is	
  
exposed	
  to.	
  This	
  means,	
  if	
  the	
  temperature	
  
increases,	
  the	
  resistance	
  of	
  the	
  thermistor	
  
decreases	
  and	
  vice	
  versa.
At	
  50	
  degrees,	
  the	
  resistance	
  of	
  the	
  thermistor	
  and	
  
the	
  predetermined	
  resistances	
  of	
  the	
  three	
  fixed	
  
resistors	
  are	
  at	
  values	
  that	
  make	
  the	
  bridge	
  
balanced.	
  Suppose	
  the	
  temperature	
  drops	
  from	
  50	
  
to	
  40	
  degrees,	
  the	
  poten=al	
  at	
  one	
  end	
  of	
  the	
  
bridge	
  becomes	
  more	
  posi=ve	
  than	
  the	
  other	
  
leading	
  to	
  a	
  voltage	
  difference	
  which	
  causes	
  an	
  
alarm	
  to	
  ac=vate.	
  
A	
  Wheatstone	
  bridge	
  is	
  a	
  simple	
  four	
  arm	
  
arrangement	
  of	
  4	
  resistors	
  and	
  is	
  used	
  to	
  calculate	
  
the	
  value	
  of	
  an	
  unknown	
  resistance.	
  Among	
  the	
  4	
  
resistors	
  two	
  are	
  of	
  known	
  value	
  (P	
  and	
  Q),	
  one	
  is	
  
a	
  variable	
  resistor	
  (G)	
  and	
  the	
  other	
  resistor	
  (R)	
  is	
  
unknown.	
  The	
  variable	
  resistor	
  (in	
  this	
  case	
  a	
  
preset	
  is	
  used)	
  is	
  adjusted	
  such	
  that	
  the	
  current	
  
through	
  the	
  mul=meter	
  (A)	
  is	
  zero	
  and	
  
consequently,	
  the	
  poten=al	
  difference	
  across	
  the	
  
terminals	
  becomes	
  zero.	
  In	
  this	
  stage	
  the	
  bridge	
  is	
  
said	
  to	
  be	
  balanced	
  such	
  that	
  the	
  ra=o	
  of	
  two	
  
known	
  resistances	
  is	
  equal	
  to	
  the	
  ra=o	
  of	
  the	
  
unknown	
  resistance	
  and	
  the	
  variable	
  resistance	
  
i.e.,	
  P/Q	
  =	
  R/S.	
  The	
  theore=cal	
  and	
  prac=cal	
  values	
  
of	
  resistances	
  were	
  compared	
  and	
  the	
  rela=ve	
  
error	
  was	
  calculated.
Have	
  a	
  look	
  at	
  our	
  Project	
  Kit!
CoolJunk	
   is	
   India's	
   fastest	
  growing	
  DIY	
  (do-­‐it-­‐yourself)	
   kits	
   company	
   focused	
   on	
   project-­‐based	
   learning	
   in	
  
science,	
  engineering	
  and	
   technology.	
  Having	
   20,000	
   users	
   in	
   India,	
  US,	
   Singapore,	
   Middle	
   East	
   and	
   New	
  
Zealand,	
  the	
  CoolJunk	
  kits	
  are	
  known	
  for	
  quality,	
  innovaUon	
  and	
  high	
  producUon	
  value.	
  CoolJunk	
  has	
  been	
  
featured	
   in	
   naUonal	
   and	
   internaUonal	
   journals	
   including	
   Wallstreet,	
   Yourstory,	
   Hindu	
   Business	
   Line,	
  
NextBigWhat	
  and	
  was	
  tagged	
  as	
  the	
  coolest	
  Indian	
  start-­‐up	
  in	
  IAN	
  Bootcamp-­‐2011.	
  
For	
  more	
  projects	
  visit	
  our	
  website:	
  CoolJunk	
  
Tools	
  and	
  Components	
  in	
  
one	
  box.
Step	
  by	
  step	
  visual	
  
instrucUons
Detailed	
  experiment	
  
theory
CoolJunkCoolJunkCoolJunk
Follow	
  us	
  on:
CoolJunk

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Physics Investigatory Project on Wheatstone Bridge.

  • 1. Part of Made in India, Design Innovation Workshop,2015 A  Fresh  New  Experience  in   Project-­‐Making  &  Learning!
  • 3. Do  you  know  how  a  low  temperature  alarm   works?  A  thermistor  is  used  in  place  of  one  of  the   bridge  resistors.  The  resistance  of  the  thermistor  is   inversely  propor=onal  to  the  temperature  it  is   exposed  to.  This  means,  if  the  temperature   increases,  the  resistance  of  the  thermistor   decreases  and  vice  versa. At  50  degrees,  the  resistance  of  the  thermistor  and   the  predetermined  resistances  of  the  three  fixed   resistors  are  at  values  that  make  the  bridge   balanced.  Suppose  the  temperature  drops  from  50   to  40  degrees,  the  poten=al  at  one  end  of  the   bridge  becomes  more  posi=ve  than  the  other   leading  to  a  voltage  difference  which  causes  an   alarm  to  ac=vate.   A  Wheatstone  bridge  is  a  simple  four  arm   arrangement  of  4  resistors  and  is  used  to  calculate   the  value  of  an  unknown  resistance.  Among  the  4   resistors  two  are  of  known  value  (P  and  Q),  one  is   a  variable  resistor  (G)  and  the  other  resistor  (R)  is   unknown.  The  variable  resistor  (in  this  case  a   preset  is  used)  is  adjusted  such  that  the  current   through  the  mul=meter  (A)  is  zero  and   consequently,  the  poten=al  difference  across  the   terminals  becomes  zero.  In  this  stage  the  bridge  is   said  to  be  balanced  such  that  the  ra=o  of  two   known  resistances  is  equal  to  the  ra=o  of  the   unknown  resistance  and  the  variable  resistance   i.e.,  P/Q  =  R/S.  The  theore=cal  and  prac=cal  values   of  resistances  were  compared  and  the  rela=ve   error  was  calculated.
  • 4. Have  a  look  at  our  Project  Kit! CoolJunk   is   India's   fastest  growing  DIY  (do-­‐it-­‐yourself)   kits   company   focused   on   project-­‐based   learning   in   science,  engineering  and   technology.  Having   20,000   users   in   India,  US,   Singapore,   Middle   East   and   New   Zealand,  the  CoolJunk  kits  are  known  for  quality,  innovaUon  and  high  producUon  value.  CoolJunk  has  been   featured   in   naUonal   and   internaUonal   journals   including   Wallstreet,   Yourstory,   Hindu   Business   Line,   NextBigWhat  and  was  tagged  as  the  coolest  Indian  start-­‐up  in  IAN  Bootcamp-­‐2011.   For  more  projects  visit  our  website:  CoolJunk   Tools  and  Components  in   one  box. Step  by  step  visual   instrucUons Detailed  experiment   theory CoolJunkCoolJunkCoolJunk Follow  us  on: CoolJunk