Chapter 06th Edition

1. Aircraft Rescue and Fire
Fighting
6th Edition
Chapter 6 — Rescue

2. Recognize safety considerations for
the use of ARFF rescue tools and
equipment.
Learning Objective 1
6–2

3. Aircraft rescue tools include both
hand and power tools.
6–3
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4. Safety on scene requires wearing
PPE, proper equipment use, and
good communication.
6–4

5. ARFF personnel must take
precautions when performing rescue
operations in potentially flammable
atmospheres.
6–5

6. WARNING
ARFF personnel should use a
flammable gas detector when entering a
flammable atmosphere.
6–6

7. Aircraft stabilization must be
constantly monitored.
6–7

8. CAUTION
When heavy equipment is used to
stabilize an aircraft, the keys should be
removed from the vehicles and given to
the Incident Commander in order to
prevent the unplanned movement of the
vehicle.
6–8

9. REVIEW QUESTION
How can the use of certain tools in a
flammable atmosphere create
danger for ARFF personnel?
6–9

10. Identify tools and equipment used in
ARFF rescue operations.
Learning Objective 2
6–10

11. Hand tools rely on human force to
transmit power to the tool.
6–11

12. Power tools used in rescue can
have different energy sources.
6–12

13. Two types of saws are commonly
used for rescue operations.
6–13

14. CAUTION
ARFF personnel must be aware of the
aircraft construction in order to avoid
cutting areas of the aircraft that may
create safety hazards for the rescuers
or passengers.
6–14

15. Other types of power tools provide
different means of accessing
aircraft.
6–15

16. CAUTION
Hydraulic spreaders may project metal fragments
in all directions during rescue operations. In
addition, some hydraulic tools are heavy and may
need to be operated by two rescue personnel. In
flammable areas, rescue workers should consider
using hydraulic spreaders and cutters because
they do not produce sparks (as opposed to an
electric power unit or a gas-driven unit). They also
do not produce the type of noise that is associated
with a gas-driven unit.
6–16

17. WARNING
Be aware of the potentially flammable
atmosphere of the aircraft
accident/incident. When using power
tools around aircraft, always wear
complete protective gear, including
SCBA. Have a charged foam handline
in place and utilize a flammable gas
meter.
6–17

18. Pneumatic (air) tools can also
perform numerous cutting tasks.
6–18

19. Ultra high pressure watering tools
are a new innovation.
6–19

20. WARNING
Never use compressed oxygen to
power pneumatic tools. Mixing pure
oxygen with grease or oils found on the
tools will result in a fire or violent
explosion.
6–20

21. Lifting and pulling tools may be
necessary to rescue victims or gain
interior access.
6–21

22. WARNING
Truck-mounted winches should be operated
in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations. Failure to follow such
specifications as the maximum weight limits
may cause the winch to fail, injuring or killing
the operators or personnel in the immediate
area. ARFF personnel should always wear
full protective clothing to include gloves and
eye protection during winching operations.
6–22

23. Keep safety considerations in mind
when using lighting and electrical
equipment.
6–23

24. Use the following safety tips when
working around electricity.
6–24

25. The following electrical equipment is
integral to successful ARFF
operations.
6–25

26. Other types of equipment may be
useful for ARFF operations.
6–26
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27. Each ARFF organization determines
the amount, type, and usage of first
aid equipment carried.
6–27
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28. REVIEW QUESTION
List common power tools used in
ARFF rescue operations.
6–28

29. Describe procedures for ARFF
rescue in various environments.
Learning Objective 3
6–29

30. Following an accident, victims may
self-evacuate, require assistance, or
require extrication.
6–30

31. Each ARFF organization should
establish one or more rescue
teams.
6–31

32. NOTE
Two trained fire fighting personnel
should be standing by as a Rapid
Intervention Team (RIT).
6–32

33. Fire fighting and rescue operations
are more difficult and dangerous in
certain environments or terrains.
6–33
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34. Specialized apparatus may be
required to gain access to certain
environments.
6–34
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35. Water rescue operations pose
special hazards and challenges.
6–35

36. WARNING
Rescuers working within 10 feet
(3 m) of the waterline or on/in the water
should wear flotation devices.
Rescuers working on floating wreckage
should remain vigilant to avoid
becoming trapped inside sinking
wreckage.
6–36

37. WARNING
During diving operations, appropriate
safety precautions must be followed:
diver flags should be flown, boat
operators warned that divers are in the
water, and no dragging operations
conducted until divers have left the
water.
6–37

38. REVIEW QUESTION
How do difficult environments or
terrains effect ARFF rescue
operations?
6–38

39. Describe tactics for ARFF rescue
operations.
Learning Objective 4
6–39

40. ARFF rescue tactics have two
priorities.
6–40

41. REVIEW QUESTION
What are the two priorities of ARFF
personnel in a rescue operation?
6–41

42. Identify procedures for accessing the
interior of an aircraft.
Learning Objective 5
6–42

43. Ground ladders can be used to gain
access to most aircraft main entry
doors and over-wing emergency exits.
6–43

44. WARNING
When ground ladders are in use, one or
more ARFF personnel should foot or
heel the ladder to prevent it from
slipping or tipping at the base.
6–44

45. Apparatus with elevated platforms
may be required to access certain
points.
6–45
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46. Mobile stairs can be elevated and
maneuvered into position.
6–46

47. ARFF personnel should train on all
types of doors and hatches at their
airport.
6–47

48. WARNING
Avoid opening access points that allow
fire or toxic fumes to enter the fuselage.
6–48

49. ARFF personnel must be prepared
to force entry into an aircraft.
6–49

50. CAUTION
ARFF personnel equipped with charged
handlines should be assigned to ensure
suppression of sparks and ignition of
fuels anytime power tools are used in
forcible entry operations on an aircraft.
6–50

51. Cut–in methods include both three-
and four-sided cuts.
6–51

52. NOTE
When making the four-sided cut, the
bottom cut should be made first to
prevent the saw blade or tool from
binding.
6–52

53. REVIEW QUESTION
What devices can be used to reach
aircraft access points that are above
ground?
6–53

54. Explains ways to safety and shut
down an aircraft.
Learning Objective 6
6–54

55. ARFF personnel may need to
shutdown and safety an aircraft.
6–55

56. NOTE
Some civilian passenger aircraft are
equipped with passenger airbags. ARFF
personnel should be trained by aircraft
manufacturers or operators on the
proper methods for safetying these
systems.
6–56

57. REVIEW QUESTION
What systems may require shut
down and safetying following an
aircraft accident?
6–57

58. Describe the components of victim
rescue in an ARFF response.
Learning Objective 7
6–58

59. Being familiar with occupant
capacities and locations helps in
locating victims.
6–59

60. Crews and passengers will initiate
evacuation through normal routes in
low-impact crashes.
6–60

61. WARNING
Heat can damage evacuation slides.
ARFF personnel must protect deployed
slides from fire but should avoid
spraying them with foam. Foam can
make the slides extremely slippery
which can cause severe injuries.
6–61

62. A search of the aircraft may locate
trapped or injured occupants after
other occupants have exited.
6–62

63. WARNING
At all times during an aircraft accident,
ARFF personnel must be alert for the
presence of occupants who have exited
the aircraft.
6–63

64. Rescuers may be required to
extricate occupants trapped within
the aircraft.
6–64

65. Triage, treatment, and transport
should occur in a short period of
time.
6–65

66. REVIEW QUESTION
How does knowledge of occupant
capacity of an aircraft aid ARFF
personnel in victim rescue?
6–66

67. These objectives are measured in Skill
Sheets 6-1 – 6-8.
These skill sheets can be found in the
curriculum package.
This checklist corresponds with the
skill steps beginning on p. 253 of the
manual.
Learning Objectives 8 – 15
6–67

68. • ARFF personnel utilize a wide variety
of hand tools and power tools at
emergency scenes.
• ARFF departments should assess what
tools they are likely to need before an
incident and ensure that all necessary
tools are easily accessible and in
working order.
Summary
6–68
(Cont.)

69. • ARFF personnel should always use
tools safely and in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions.
• ARFF personnel should understand the
safe usage of all portable electrical and
lighting equipment needed in ARFF
operations.
Summary
6–69
(Cont.)

70. • ARFF rescue operations include
assisting those occupants who have
self-evacuated or are trapped inside the
aircraft and require assistance to
evacuate.
• The aircraft systems must be shut down
and safetied to allow ARFF personnel to
operate within the aircraft.
Summary
6–70
(Cont.)

71. • While some ARFF personnel provide
fire protection for the interior
operations, others conduct search and
rescue operations.
• Triage should be conducted to
prioritize transportation and treatment
of large numbers of patients.
Summary
6–71