Online assignment

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CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING
AND
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
SUBMITTED TO: Mrs. SUSHAMA PRABHA
SUBMITTED BY: Miss. BINDHYA G.G
SUBMITTED ON: 16/06/2014

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INDEX
SL.NO
.
CONTENT PAGE
NO.
1 INTRODUCTION 3
2 CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING 4
3 BASIC ASSUMPUTION OF CO-OPERATIVE
LEARNING
4
4 CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING APPROACHES 5
5 PROCEDURE 5
6 STEPS FOR SUCCESSFUL CO-OPERATIVE
GROUP WORK
6
7 MERITS AND DEMERITS 7
8 COLLABORATIVE LEARNING 7
9 FEATURES OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING 8
10 INSTRUCTIONAL PHASES OF
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
8
11 APPLICATIONS OF COLLABRATIVE LEARNING
APPROACH
9
12 ADVANTAGES OF COLLABRATIVE LEARNING 9
13 CONCLUSION 10
14 REFERENCE 10

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INTRODUCTION
Learning is the central theme of education. It is a form of growth
or change in a person, which is manifested as new modes or patterns of
behavior. Learning can be defined as the modification of behavior through
experience and training, for the attainment of specific goal. Co-operative
learning is a learning method in which students work together in small
heterogeneous group to achieve a common academic goal. Each member
of the group is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for
helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement.
Students work through the assignments until all group members
understand and complete t. Collaborative learning is a situation in which
two or more people learn together. It is an education approach of teaching
and learning that involves groups of learners working together to solve a
problem, complete a task or create a product. Collaborative learning is
based on the idea that learning is a naturally social act in which the
participants talk among themselves. It is through the talk that learning
occurs.

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CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING
Co-operative learning is a learning process or learning
strategy in which students are provided with opportunities to learn by
themselves in a group in a co-operative way. They share all the
information among themselves and help other in gaining the required
knowledge, understanding the application of one or other aspects of the
content material or course units includes their syllabus.
Co-operative learning is defined as teaching- learning strategy in which the
students of a class engage themselves in a variety of useful learning
activities in a co-operative and non-competitive environment by forming a
number of teams, each consist of a small number of students of different
levels of ability for their understanding of a subject.
BASIC ASSUMPTION OF CO-OPERATIVE
LEARNING
 Co-operative learning believes in making the teaching learning
process learner- centered rather than content or teacher centered.
 It advocates a constructivist ideology for the better teaching- learning
outcomes by encouraging students to formulate their own constructs
and ways of understanding the content materials.
 It emphasizes social learning by assuming that learning take place
better in a social environment rather than individually in isolation.
 It assumes social learning by assuming that learning take place better
in a social situation and group environment rather than individually in
isolation.

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 It assumes that children learn better in a non-competitive anxiety free
co-operative environment than in a competitive stressful environment
available in the traditional classroom situation.
 It belives in group efforts and co-operation among learner in place of
individual efforts and competition.
 It belives that children learn better in a co-operative way from one
another, on account of their proximity, equality, interdependence and
rapport existing among them instead of the learning thrust upon them
by some outside agency, including teacher.
 It feels that pupil learn best when they are totally involved in the
learning process by co-operating with each other for any their
optimum.
 It belives in redifining the role of teacher as distinct from a lecture;
expert of subject knowledge. The teacher’s role is that of a facilitator
who helps his students in their co-operative learning.
 It advocates an interactive teaching learning environment instead of
mere lecturing and demonstration on the part of the teachers. Here
the responsibility for learning is thus shifted to students instead of
teacher’s efforts for making his students learn by resorting to the
other tactics.
CO-OPERATIVE LEARNING APPROACHES
 STAD (Students- Team- Achievement- Division)
 The Jigsaw classroom
 Learning together
 Group investigation
 Co-operative scripting
PROCEDURE
Substituting the traditional classroom learning and setting up a co-operative
learning system is not an easy task. One may have to face so much
competition and resistance from the fellow teachers, students, authorities

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and parents. So the present circumstance and educational system are not
at all conductive and congenial for the introduction of such an innovative
and useful practice in our schools and colleges. But it depends upon the
teacher who is convinced about the fruitful outcomes of co-operative
learning. So a teacher must learn the art and skills of employing co-operative
learning as a useful strategy of the teaching learning process.
STEPS FOR SUCCESSFUL CO-OPERATIVE
GROUP WORK
 Teach For Positive Interdependence :
Help all members of each group understand that their success
depends on the extent to which they agree on goals, objectives
and the roles that each is expected to carry out. They will also
need to discuss in advance, how the available resources and
information will be shared.
 Teaching For Individual Accountability :
Help all members of each group understand that they are not
only accountable for their own learning and behavior during
group work but also responsible for helping other group
members learn and work productively.
 Teaching interpersonal and small group skills :
Students should be able to work together and display
appropriate group process skills such as sharing leadership,
praising good work done by others, active listening and other
important skills. Also teach students how to analyze how will
the group process itself is going, how to modify the process to
improve it.

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MERITS
 Co-operative learning group are more or less permanent, depending
on the conditions in the given classroom.
 Teacher has to set stage, tone and hopefully, a satisfying and
rewarding environment.
 It develops conceptual achievement and critical thinking.
 Co-operative relationship is established.
DEMERITS
 Difficulty in selecting the learning task.
 Evaluation in terms of outcome and procedures is difficult.
 Heterogeneity of the group.
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
Collaborative learning means that despite their different
locations, most learners will conduct most of their learning in groups.
Such groups are likely to be wholly virtual, in the sense that their
component members may never meet face-to-face. In all other
respect they are very real, and group members will be highly reliant
on other in the group for the quality of their learning. Depending upon
circumstances, such groups may be formal or informal, small or large,
homogeneous or heterogeneous. In such an environment where most

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learning takes place via group interaction, instructor is likely to act as
more as a facilitator than as an active deliverer of knowledge.
Collaborative learning is a model of teaching with a set of common
attributes and features. It is cognitive in nature. It also has several
variations.
FEATURES OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
 A group-learning task is designed based on shared learning goals
and outcomes.
 Students work in teams to master academic materials.
 Teams are made up of high, average and low achievers and are
racially and sexually mixed.
 Reward systems are group- oriented than individually oriented.
 Small group learning takes place in groups of between 3-5 students.
 Co-operative behavior involves trust- building activities, joint planning
and understanding of team support conduct.
Collaborative learning provides an environment to enrich the learning
process. A collaborative learning system concentrates on refining and
integrating the learning process and subject knowledge of the students
with the help of collaborative.
INSTRUCTIONAL PHASES OF
COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
There are five phases for the designing instruction for
collaborative learning.
 Engagement
 Exploration
 Transformation
 Presentation
 Reflection

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APPLICATION OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
APPROACH
 Learning contracts using groups to help establish learning objectives,
identify resources, learning strategies and evaluate results.
 Co-operative course development, students and staff design the
course together based on shared interests around a prescribed
theme of study.
 Mini assignment in classes undertaken by small groups who report
back findings usually within the class period.
 Mini research projects undertaken by groups.
 Group based case study or class paper preparation, presentation and
critiques.
 Role play exercise and simulation games aimed at replication real
life situation.
 “Contest” being undertaken by student teams, debates, hypothesis,
meet court.
ADVANTAGES OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING
 Increased cognitive analysis and problem solving skills.
 Team building
 Improved results
 Increased student retention
 Enhancing student satisfaction and promoting positive attitudes.
 Improved verbal skills
 Improved social skills
 Promoting self esteem

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 Improving cross cultural understanding.
 Replication of areas of study in the classroom.
CONCLUSION
Learning is change in behavior of an individual. It is different in
each individual. Co-operative learning and collaborative learning are
two important constructivists method of instruction in learning.
Co-operative learning is the instructional use of small groups through
which students work together to minimize their own and each other
learning. And collaborative learning is a situation in which two or
more people learn something together. Both these two methods are
time consuming compared to many other methods.
REFERENCE
 Psychological Bases Of Education – Dr. N.K. Arjunan
 Science Education – Dr. T.K Mathew, Dr. T.M. Mollykutty
 www.wikipedia.Learning.in