Agriculture in India has a long history and remains an important sector, though its economic contribution is declining. Some key challenges facing Indian agriculture include population pressure, small land holdings, inadequate irrigation, depleted soils, lack of storage, and limited farm implements. New opportunities include creating market linkages, diversifying crops, improving food quality and safety standards, increasing credit access, and better sector coordination. Precautions in agriculture involve using irrigation methods that minimize leaching, protecting non-pest species, and following pesticide guidelines. The Indian government supports agriculture through programs related to exports, production estimates, cold storage development, price supports, and regulation. Modernizing agriculture using improved methods, technologies, and opportunities can help ensure a sustainable future.

1. TOPIC
INOVATION IN AGRICULTURE FOR A
SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
• INTRODUCTION
• PROSPECTS
• CHALLANGES
• PRECAUTIONS
• SUGGESTIONS
• CONCLUTION

2. HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE
• Agriculture in India has a significant
history. Today, India ranks second
worldwide in farm output.
Agriculture and allied sectors like
forestry and fisheries accounted for
16.6% of the GDP in 2009, about
50% of the total workforce.[1][2] The
economic contribution of agriculture
to India's GDP is steadily declining
with the country's broad-based
economic growth. Still, agriculture is
demographically the broadest
economic sector and plays a
significant role in the overall socio-
economic fabric of India.

3. WHAT IS AGRICULTURE
A:Agriculture involving domestication of plants and animals
was developed around 10,000 B.C.E. although earlier people
began altering communities of flora and fauna for their own
benefit through other means such as fire-stick farming prior
to that. Agriculture has undergone significant developments
since the time of the earliest cultivation. The Fertile Crescent
of Western Asia, Egypt and India were sites of the earliest
planned sowing and harvesting of plants that had previously
been gathered in the wild.

4. .
2 Definition of agriculture
A: a large-scale farming enterprise; the practice of cultivating
the land or raising stock; the federal department that
administers programs...
3 What is agriculture chemistry?
A: the study of both chemistry and biochemistry which are
important in agricultural production, the processing of raw
products into foods and beverages.
1: What is the agriculture?
A:the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock

5. IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE
1:Why agriculture importance in science?
A: Agriculture doesn't necessarily have any great importance
to science, but science offers great benefits within
agriculture.

6. TYPES OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Surface irrigation
In surface irrigation systems water is moving over the land by
simple gravity flow in order to wet it and to infiltrate into the
soil. They can be subdivided into furrow, borderstrip or basin
irrigation.

7. Localized irrigation
Localized irrigation is a system where water is distributed
under low pressure through a piped network, in a pre-
determined pattern, and applied as a small discharge to each
plant or adjacent to it. Drip irrigation, spray or micro-sprinkler
irrigation and bubbler irrigation belong to this category of
irrigation methods.

8. Sprinkler irrigation
In sprinkler or overhead irrigation, water is piped to one or more central
locations within the field and distributed by overhead high-pressure
sprinklers or guns. A system utilizing sprinklers, sprays, or guns mounted
overhead on permanently installed risers is often referred to as a solid-
set irrigation system. Higher pressure sprinklers that rotate are called
rotors and are driven by a ball drive, gear drive, or impact mechanism.
Rotors can be designed to rotate in a full or partial circle. Guns are
similar to rotors, except that they generally operate at very high
pressures of 40 to 130 lbf/in² (275 to 900 kPa) and flows of 50 to 1200
US gal/min (3 to 76 L/s), usually with nozzle diameters in the range of
0.5 to 1.9 inches (10 to 50 mm). Guns are used not only for irrigation,
but also for industrial applications such as dust suppression and logging.

9. Save Tigers and
endangered species

10. Six Major Problems Faced by Indian
Agriculture
(a) Population Pressure:
India has a huge population of over one billion and it is
increasing at a very fast rate. According to 2001 census figures
the over all density of population is 324 persons per sq. km.
This is likely to increase further in future. This has created
great demand for land. Every bit of land has been brought
under the plough. Even the hill slopes have been cut into
terraces for cultivation.

11. (b) Small and Fragmented Land Holdings:
The pressure of increasing population and the practice of
dividing land equally among the heirs has caused excessive
sub divisions of farm holdings. Consequently, the holdings are
small and fragmented. The small size of holdings makes
farming activity uneconomical and leads to social tension,
violence and discontentment.

12. (c) Inadequate Irrigation Facilities:
By and large the irrigation facilities available in India are far
from adequate. So for half of the total area under food crops
has been brought under irrigation and the remaining half is
left to the mercy of monsoon rains which are erratic in time
and space.

13. (d) Depleted Soils:
Indian soils have been used for growing crops for thousands
of years which have resulted in the depletion of soil fertility.
With deforestation the sources of maintaining natural fertility
of soil has been drying out. Lack of material resources and
ignorance of scientific knowledge have further depleted the
soils of the natural fertility. Earlier only animal waste was
enough to maintain soil fertility.

14. (e) Storage of food grains:
Storage of food grains is a big problem. Nearly 10 per cent of
our harvest goes waste every year in the absence of proper
storage facilities. This colossal wastage can be avoided by
developing scientific ware-housing facilities. The government
has taken several steps to provide storage facilities.

15. (f) Farm Implements:
Although some mechanisation of farming has taken place in
some parts of the country, most of the farmers are poor and
do not have enough resources to purchase modern farm
implements and tools. This hampers the development of
agriculture.

16. NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR AGRICULTURE
Creating Market linkages
Connecting farmers to identified markets for targeted
products via processors, traders, exporters, and farmers’
organizations.
Increasing and Diversifying Agricultural Products
Volumes and per unit values of the targeted high-value crops
have increased by working with processors to identify and
develop new products and locate new markets.
Improving Food Quality and Safety
Supporting local organizations to certify food based on
international standards using targeted national informational
campaigns and increased product-testing capacity.

17. Increasing Affordable and Accessible Credit
Enabling borrowers across the sector to meet the
requirements of lending institutions, thus increasing their
credit worthiness.
Incentive Fund
USAID provides additional support in the form of grants to
farmers, agricultural enterprises, and associations.
Improved Coordination within the Agricultural Sector
USAID provides strategic advice to the Minister of Agriculture,
Forestry and Rural Development and assists the ministry in
implementation.

18. Precautions In Agriculture
Trickle or drip irrigation applies water very slowly on or
beneath the soil surface near the plant. Because this method
doesn't use much water, it is probably the safest in terms of
leaching. However, trickle irrigation is not practical for row
crops. There is also the potential of overapplication, as with
all other systems. Overapplication could mean increased
leaching.

19. Protection of nonpest animals and plants
Many pesticides are toxic to useful or desirable animals,
including honey bees, natural enemies, fish, domestic
animals, and birds. Crops and other plants may also be
damaged by misapplied pesticides. Take precautions to
protect nonpest species from direct exposure to pesticides
and from contamination due to drift, runoff, or residues.
Certain rodenticides may pose a special hazard to animals
that eat poisoned rodents.

20. Government of India’s programmes
for Agriculture
1]Agricultural exports increase to Rs. 2,68,469 Crores.
2]Second Advance Estimates for Horticultural Production
Released
3]Third Advance Estimates of Agricultural Production
Released
4]NCCD Conclave with Nodal Officers for Cold-chain
Development organised on May 9, 2014.
5]Minimum Support Prices for the Year 2014-15 Announced
6]Amendment in Guidelines for Exports of Pesticides and
Insecticides Rules
7]Draft Plant Quarantine Amendment Order, 2014

21. CONCLUSION
• ACCORDING TO OLDEN AGRICULTURE
THE MODERN IS VERY ADVNCED SO
WE WANT TO USE ADVANCED
AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURE METHODS LIKE FARM
IMPLEMENT , SPRINKLER IRRIGATION,
STEP IRRIGATION AND USING THE
OPPURTUNITIES GIVEN BY GOVT AND
OTHER INSTUTIONS

22. DONE BY
BHARATH.B
THANK
YOU