3. DEFININTION
• Group of organic compounds that are
essential for normal growth and nutrition and
are required in small quantities in diet as they
cannot be synthesized by the body.
• The term vitamin is derived from the words
vital and amine, because vitamins are
required for life and were originally thought to
be amines
4. IMPORTANCE OF VITAMINS
VITAMINS FUNCTION
B1, B2, B3, B5, B 6, B7, B9, B12, C, K COENZYME
B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7 METABOLISM OF ENERGY YIELDING
NUTRIENTS
B 6, B 9, B12 RED BLOOD CELL SYNTHESIS
B6, B9, B12 AMINO ACID METABOLISM
B 7, B 5, B 3 FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS
C , E ANTIOXODENT PROTECTION
B1, B6, B12 NERVE TRANSMISSION
A, D GENE EXPRESSION
6. WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
B VITAMINS
• THIAMIN B1
• RIBOFLAVIN B2
• NIACIN B3
•BIOTIN
•PANTOTHENIC ACID
•B 6
•FOLATE
•B 12
VITAMIN A
VITAMIN C VITAMIN D
VITAMIN E
VITAMIN K
7. FACTS ABOUT VITAMINS
• Vitamins are found in almost everything we
eat
• Processing affects vitamin content
• Dietary supplements can boost vitamin intake
• Not all of what we eat can be used by the
body
9. THIAMIN OR VITAMIN B 1
• Very important vitamin to prevent Beriberi
that was discovered in the West Indies
• A Japanese surgeon in the navy found that
beriberi on ships could be avoided by adding
meat and whole grains to the diet.
13. • Sources of Thiamin: it is widely distributed in
foods
• Yeast and liver are the most highly
concentrated sources however, cereal grains
are the most important dietary sources of
thiamin in the diet as these foods are
consumed readily in most diets.
14. RIBOFLAVIN OR VITAMIN B 2
• Very important vitamin because it is part of
two coenzymes (FMN) and (FAD) which are
oxidizing agents
19. RDA for Riboflavin
• The recommended dietary intake for
riboflavin is 1.3 mg / day .
20. NIACIN OR VITAMIN B 3
• Niacin is the compound that prevents
development of Pellagra.
• It was isolated from nicotine acid
• It plays an important role in coenzyme NAD
which is very important in metabolism.
27. VITAMIN B 5 OR PANTOTHENIC
• Part of Coenzyme A which plays an important
role in energy metabolism.
• Is essential for the formation of ATP from the
breakdown of carbohydrates, protein, fat and
alcohol.
51. RDA OF VITAMIN B 12
• RDA for adults is 2.4 μg /day
• Deficiency can cause anemia
52. VITAMIN C OR ASCORBIC ACID
• Is involved in many processes in human body
• The most important function for vitamin C is
the synthesis of collagen, the principal tissue
protein found in tendon, arteries
56. Deficiency of vitamin C
• The well-known deficiency is Scurvy
• Weakness
• Fatigue
• Inflammation of the gum
• Impaired wound healing
• Hemorrhages
• depression
77. Vitamin K
• Assists in the synthesis of prothrombin
required for blood clotting
• Deficiency symptoms are prolonged bleeding
and increased clotting time.
