2. INTRODUCTION
• Cultural heritage has the potential to promote access to and enjoyment of cultural diversity. It can also enrich social
capital and create a sense of individual and collective belonging, which helps to maintain social and territorial
cohesion.
• On the other hand, cultural heritage has become economically significant for the tourism sector in many countries.
This also creates new challenges for its conservation.
• Cultural heritage includes tangible culture (such as buildings, monuments, landscapes, books, works of art, and
artifacts), intangible culture (such as folklore, traditions, language, and knowledge), and natural heritage (including
culturally significant landscapes, and biodiversity).
• Cultural heritage is not limited to monuments and collections of objects. It is also comprised of living expressions
inherited from our ancestors, such as oral traditions, performing arts, social manners, rituals, festive events,
knowledge and practices related to nature and the universe, and knowledge and techniques linked to traditional
crafts.
3. MYSORE PALACE
• The three-storied palace along with a 145 feet five-storied tower was built using fine grey granite while deep pink marble
was used for the domes. The exterior of this marvelous structure is enriched with two durbar halls, several arches, canopies,
columns and bay windows. There is also a sprawling green garden surrounding the palace. The interiors are opulently
designed with carved doors, stained glass ceilings, glittering glazed flooring tiles, spectacular Czechoslovakian chandeliers,
and works of art from all over the world. All the rooms of the palace are stunningly luxurious and quite appealing.
• There are several unique rooms in the palace and each of these served an important purpose:
• Ambavilasa - Decorated with a stained glass ceiling, mosaic floor and spectacular chandeliers, this room was used by the king as a
Hall of Private Audience.
• Gombe Thotti or Doll’s Pavilion - The entrance of the Palace, Gombe Thotti is a gallery of traditional dolls from the 19th and early
20th centuries.
• Kalyana Mantapa - The royal wedding hall with a colourful stained glass ceiling and peacock mosaic flooring.
• Public Durbar Hall - a large hall from where the Maharajas used to address the public.
• Portrait Gallery - a collection of valuable paintings and photographs of the Royal Family.
4. • The palace had its foundation laid way back in the 14th century by the Wodeyars, the royal family of Mysore. It is
believed that Yaduraya Wodeyar, the first ruler of the Mysore Kingdom, built a palace in Puragiri aka the Old Fort
during his reign. This palace is believed to be the predecessor of the current palace, and it has been demolished and
reconstructed multiple times over a period of six centuries.
• Initially, the palace was a wooden fortress which was struck by lightning in 1638 and reconstructed under the rein of
Kantirava Narasa Raja Wodeyar. In 1793 AD, when Tipu Sultan took over the Wodeyar Dynasty, he demolished the
palace and rebuilt it. In 1799, soon after the death of Tipu Sultan, the palace came under Krishnaraja Wodeyar III, who
redesigned the palace as per the Hindu architectural style.
HISTORY OF MYSORE PALACE
Old palace New palace
5. • Sadly, in 1897, the palace was destroyed by fire during the wedding ceremony of Princess
Jayalakshmmanni. Again, Maharani Kempananjammanni Devi and her son Maharaja Krishnaraja
Wodeyar IV decided to rebuild the palace. The task of revamping the palace was commissioned to a
British architect named Henry Irwin, who designed and completed this palace in 1912, at a whopping
cost of over 41 lakh Indian rupees. Further expansions were done and a Public Durbar Hall wing was
added to the palace under the reign of Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar during the 1930s.
6. • Mysore Palace is built in the Indo-Saracenic style with a touch of Hindu, Mughal, Rajput, and Gothic
architectural styles.
• Above the central arch, there is a divine sculpture of Gajalakshmi – the goddess of wealth with two
elephants. In addition to the three entrances, located on the eastern, southern, and western sides, the palace
features several secret tunnels. There is also a group of temples at the palace, built from the 14th to the
20th century.
7. CULTURE OF MYSORE
• The early kings of the Wodeyar dynasty worshipped the Hindu god Shiva. The later kings, starting from the 17th
century, took to Vaishnavism, the worship of the Hindu god Vishnu.
• Prior to the 18th century, the society of the kingdom followed age-old and deeply established norms of social
interaction between people. Accounts by contemporaneous travellers indicate the widespread practice of the Hindu
caste system and of animal sacrifices during the nine-day celebrations (called Mahanavami).
• Social reforms aimed at removing practices such as sati and social discrimination based upon untouchability, as well
as demands for the emancipation of the lower classes, swept across India and influenced Mysore territory.
8. • In 1894, the kingdom passed laws to abolish the marriage of girls below the age of eight. Remarriage of widowed
women and marriage of destitute women was encouraged, and in 1923, some women were granted the permission to
exercise their franchise in elections.
• Classical English and Sanskrit drama, and native Yakshagana musical theatre influenced the Kannada stage and
produced famous dramatists like Gubbi Veeranna. The public began to enjoy Carnatic music through its broadcast
via public address systems set up on the palace grounds. Mysore paintings, which were inspired by the Bengal
Renaissance, were created by artists such as Sundarayya, Ala Singarayya, and B. Venkatappa.
