HM311

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Introduction to Information Systems
for Health Information Technology
Chapter 10: Consumer Informatics
© 2020 American Health Information Management
Association

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Learning Objectives
Explain consumer informatics
Differentiate between the patient portal and a personal health record
Explain impact of health literacy on patients

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Introduction
Patients use technology for their health
• Keep in touch with their healthcare providers
• Access health information

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Health Literacy
“The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain,
process, and understand basic health information and services
needed to make appropriate health decisions” (Selden et al.)

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Health Literacy—National Action Plan, 1
Access
Improve health information and communication
Incorporate health information in schools
Support adult education programs

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Health Literacy—National Action Plan, 2
Conduct research
Use evidence-based practices
Goals

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Health Literacy—Includes, 1
Prescriptions
Discharge instructions
Consent forms
Appointment scheduling

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Health Literacy—Includes, 2
Requests for information
Navigating healthcare
Ability to understand

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Health Literacy—Contributing Factors, 1
Communication skills
Knowledge of healthcare
Culture
Demands on healthcare facility
Age greater than 65

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Health Literacy—Contributing Factors, 2
Nonwhite ethnicity
Recent immigrant
Poverty level or below
English as second language

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Health Literacy Resources
Resources
• Magazines and other news sources
• Marketing
• Family/friends
• Websites
• Commercials
Varying degrees of quality

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Health Literacy Issues
Jargon
Ensuring understanding

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Health Literacy Tools
Using pictures
Teach Back communication
Ask Me 3 initiative

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Consumer Health Applications, 1
Healthcare technology used by patients or providers on smart
phones, tablets, or other computers
• Used to
• Access health information
• Encourage healthy lifestyle
• Track (calories, steps, and more)
• Manage conditions
• Access PHR

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Consumer Health Applications, 2
Healthcare provider uses:
• Access patient information
• Communication
• Monitor patients
• Telemedicine (Athenahealth 2017)

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Telehealth, 1
Technology used for remote patient care/monitoring
• Video conferencing
• Internet
• Store-and-forward imaging
• Streaming media
• Communications

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Telehealth versus Telemedicine
Telemedicine
• Subset of telehealth
• Focus is patient care
Telehealth
• Broader term
• Includes administrative purposes and education

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Telehealth—Benefits of e-Visits, 1
Improved access to care
Flexibility in care provided
Quality of care
Improved efficiency
Decrease in costs

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Telehealth—Benefits of e-Visits, 2
Reduced travel
Monitoring
Reduced hospitalization
Reduced time away from work
Patient reporting results to physician

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Telehealth, 2
Disadvantages
• Lack of provider funds
• No face-to-face interaction
• Issues with patient’s technology
• Reimbursement

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Consumer Informatics Applications, 1
Consumer engagement: “A diverse set of activities that can include
interacting with healthcare providers, seeking health information,
maintaining a PHR, and playing an active role in making decisions in
regard to personal healthcare” (Aschettino et al. 2016).

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Consumer Informatics Applications, 2
Consumer engagement
• Benefits
• Reduced costs
• Increased communications
• Improved patient satisfaction
• Population health
Blue Button campaign
Population health

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Patient Portals
Patient portal is an information system established and maintained
by the healthcare facility that allows patients to:
• Obtain health information
• Schedule/register for appointments
• Email
• Access forms
• Update demographics
• Request prescription refill

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Patient Portals—Benefits
Improve communications
Provide health information
Provide resources
Encourage patient engagement
Improve efficiency of healthcare staff

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Patient Portals—Types
Standalone
System integrated

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Personal Health Record, 1
Electronic or paper health record maintained and updated by an
individual for him- or herself
A tool that individuals can use to collect, track, and share past and
current information about their health or the health of someone in
their care
Controlled by patient
Shared data record

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Personal Health Record, 2
Includes
• Patient demographics
• Emergency contact
• Physician contact information
• Insurance information
• Advanced directives
• Organ donation information
• Significant illnesses and surgical procedures

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Consumer Informatics Applications – Personal Health
Record Includes
Current medications and dosages
Immunizations and their dates
Allergies
Family history
Key test results

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Personal Health Record Formats
Paper
Personal computer
Internet
Portable devices

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Social Media, 1
Online communication tools
Used by healthcare to:
• Advertise
• Promote wellness
• Provide health education
• Manage support forums
• Communication

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Social Media—Benefits
Community for patients with chronic diseases
Patients are better informed
Search for clinical trials
Builds awareness of conditions

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Social Media, 2
E-patients
Cannot share patient information
Policies and procedures required

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References
Athenahealth. 2017. What is mobile health technology?
https://www.athenahealth.com/knowledge-hub /mobile-health-technology/what-
is-mobile-health-technology
Aschettino, L., K. M. Baldwin, L. Bouma, B. Burton, D. Collier, M. Davis, M.
Dolan, K. Fahy, C. Gardner, E. Gorton, L. Grebner, M. Hennings, L. Kadlec, A.
Kirby, N. LaFianzo, M. Nelson., P. Reinger, and A.R. Smith. 2016a. Consumer
Engagement Toolkit. http://bok.ahima.org/PdfView?oid=301404.
Selden, C.R., M. Zorn, S. Ratzan, and R. M. Parker. 2000. Health Literacy.
https://www.researchgate
.net/publication/230877250_National_Library_of_Medicine_Current_Bibliographi
es_in_Medicine _Health_Literacy.