Myra Kraft Open Classroom, fall 2015 - 1965: A 50-Year Retrospective on the 1960s and Lessons for Today

1. The Fall 2015 Myra Kraft Open Classroom
1965: A 50-Year Retrospective on the 1960s with Lessons for Today
Every Wednesday, Sept 9 to Dec 9, 6PM to 8PM, West Village F, Room 20
Barry Bluestone
Director, Dukakis Center for Urban
& Regional Policy;
Professor, Political Economy
Northeastern University
Introduction: Overview of the 1960s
Setting the 1960s in light of the 1950s and the 1970s
Michael Dukakis
Three-term Governor of
Massachusetts;
Professor, Political Science
Northeastern University
Heather Campion
CEO
JFK Library Foundation

2. Barry Bluestone/Mike Dukakis/Brian Young
September 9, 2015
FALL 2015 OPEN CLASSROOM
“1965: A FIFTY-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE ON
THE 1960s and LESSONS FOR TODAY”

3. The 1960s: A Chronology of Events

4. Walter Cronkite Huntley & Brinkley John Cameron Swayze
1960s Who brought us the TV Evening News

5. Senator John F. Kennedy tells Democratic convention delegates and some 65,000
others in the Los Angeles Coliseum that he will be the party's candidate for President
in the 1960 campaign
July 15, 1960

8. Jackie Kennedy President Eisenhower Lyndon Johnson Richard Nixon

9. It began with a speech at U of M in October 1960
Passing of the Torch

12. We choose to go to the moon
Kennedy spoke of the mission at Rice University – September 12, 1962

14. Aug 13, 1961 Berlin Wall Construction Begins
Mayor Willy Brandt & Bobby Kennedy

15. 1960s U.S. Economy
• During the 1960s the United States experienced its longest
uninterrupted period of economic expansion in history.
• In the 1960s the housing and computer industries overpowered
automobiles, chemicals, and household appliances which were
the leading sectors in the 1950s.
• Big business dominated the domestic economy during this
time. In 1962 the five largest industrial corporations accounted
for over 12 percent of all assets in manufacturing.
• By 1965 General Motors, Standard Oil of New Jersey and Ford
had larger incomes than all the farms in the United States.
America’s overseas investment increased to $49.2 billion in
1965.
• But at the beginning of the 1960s, poverty was still rampant

16. 1965 Cadillac Eldorado
1960 Chevy Corvette
1964 Ford Mustang
1964 Plymouth Fury
1960s When the Motor City was King

18. 1961 Jane Jacobs publishes “The Death and Life of Great American Cities”

20. 1962 The Beginning of the New Environmental Movement

22. Pope John XXIII
Oct 11, 1962 Opening of Vatican II
The Second Vatican Council (informally known as Vatican II) addressed relations
between the Roman Catholic Church and the modern world. It was the twenty-
first ecumenical council of the Catholic Church and the second to be held at Saint
Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. The council, through the Holy See, formally opened
under the pontificate of Pope John XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed under Pope
Paul VI on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception in 1965.
Pope Paul VI

23. Nov, 1962 The United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 1761, a non-
binding resolution establishing the United Nations Special Committee against
Apartheid and called for imposing economic and other sanctions on South Africa.

25. October 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis

26. Betty Friedan “The Feminine Mystique” Gloria Steinem
Feb 19, 1963 Publication of “The Feminine Mystique”

27. 1960s Sexual revolution and 'The Pill‘’
• In the United States, a flurry of legal actions in the 1960s and 1970s changed the landscape of reproductive
rights: in 1965, the Supreme Court ruled in Griswold v. Connecticut that it was unconstitutional for the
government to prohibit married couples from using birth control.
• In 1965, 26 states prohibited birth control for unmarried women.
• In 1967 Boston University students petitioned Bill Baird to challenge Massachusetts's stringent "Crimes
Against Chastity, Decency, Morality and Good Order" law.
• On April 6, 1967 he gave a speech to 1,500 students and others at Boston University on abortion and birth
control. He gave a female student one condom and a package of contraceptive foam. Baird was arrested and
convicted as a felon, facing up to ten years in jail.
• He spent three months in Boston's Charles Street Jail. During his challenge to the Massachusetts law, the
Planned Parenthood League of Massachusetts stated that "there is nothing to be gained by court action of
this kind. The only way to remove the limitations remaining in the law is through the legislative process."
• Despite this opposition, Baird fought for five years until Eisenstadt v. Baird legalized birth control for all
Americans on March 22, 1972. Eisenstadt v. Baird, a landmark right to privacy decision, became the
foundation for such cases as Roe v. Wade and the 2003 gay rights victory Lawrence v. Texas.

28. Aug 28, 1963 March on Washington

29. 1960s Urban Unrest
Harlem, New York July 16-22, 1964
Rochester, New York July 24-26, 1964
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania August 28-30, 1964
Watts, Los Angeles August 11, 1965
Omaha, Nebraska July 5, 1966
Hough – Cleveland, Ohio July 18, 1966
Newark, New Jersey July 12, 1967
Plainfield, New Jersey July 14, 1967
Detroit, Michigan July 23, 1967
Minneapolis, Minnesota Fall 1967
Chicago, Illinois April 4, 1968
Washington, D.C. April 4, 1968
Baltimore, Maryland April 4, 1968

32. To win the War on Poverty, LBJ needed Data

34. 1964 New York’s World Fair

35. Apr 7, 1964 IBM 360 Mainframe Computer is Launched

38. Dec 16, 1963 – Jul 14, 1965 The Great Society Legislative Program
• Higher Education Facilities Act Dec 16, 1963
• The Clean Air Act Dec 17, 1963
• Vocational Education Act Dec 18, 1963
• Inter-American Development Bank Jan 22, 1964
• Civil Rights Act Jul 2, 1964
• Urban Mass Transportation Act Jul 9, 1964
• Federal Aid Highway Act Aug 13, 1964
• Criminal Justice Act Aug 20, 1964
• Food Stamp Act Aug 31, 1964
• Wilderness Act Sep 3, 1964
• National Arts Cultural Development Act Sep 3, 1964
• Manpower Act Apr 26, 1965
• Older Americans Act Jul 14, 1965

39. Jul 30, 1965 – May 8, 1968 The Great Society Legislative Program
• Social Security Amendments of 1965 Jul 30, 1965
• Voting Rights Act Aug 6, 1968
• Housing and Urban Development Act Aug 10, 1968
• Public Works & Economic Development Act Aug 26, 1968
• Department of Housing & Development Act Sep 9, 1965
• National Foundation for the Arts Act Sep 29, 1965
• Federal Water Pollution Control Amendment Oct 2, 1965
• Immigration & Nationality Amendment Oct 3, 1965
• Higher Education Act of 1965 Nov 8, 1965
• Child Nutrition Act Oct 11, 1966
• Child Protection Act Nov 3, 1966
• National School Lunch Act May 8, 1968

40. Mario Savio

42. Mar 7-25, 1965 Selma March

45. • The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, also known as the Hart–Celler Act,
abolished the National Origins Formula that had been in place in the United States since
the Emergency Quota Act of 1921.
• It was proposed by Representative Emanuel Celler of New York, co-sponsored by
Senator Philip Hart of Michigan, and promoted by Senator Ted
Kennedy of Massachusetts.
• The Hart-Celler Act abolished the national origins quota system that was
American immigration policy since the 1920s, replacing it with a preference system that
focused on immigrants' skills and family relationships with citizens or U.S. residents.
• The 1965 act marked a radical break from the immigration policies of the past. The law
as it stood then excluded Asians and Africans and preferred northern and western
Europeans over southern and eastern ones.
• After Kennedy's assassination, President Lyndon Johnson signed the bill at the foot of
the Statue of Liberty as a symbolic foothold of signing the bill.
Oct 3, 1965 Liberalized Immigration Law

46. Jun 5-10, 1967 Middle East War

47. Vietnam War

49. Vietnam War Draft
Muhammad Ali – Convicted of Draft Dodging

50. Tennessee

52. California

55. Jul 21, 1969

56. Aug 15-17, 1969

57. 1960s Sex, Drugs, Rock & Roll

59. Bill Ayers Bernardine Dohrn

60. • The Books ….
• The Films
• The TV
• The Music of the 1960s

61. Books of the 1960s
 Tom Wolfe, The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline
Baby
 Joan Didion, Slouching Toward Bethlehem
 Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five
 Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird
 Ken Kesey, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
 Anthony Burgess, A Clockwork Orange
 Sylvia Plath, The Bell Jar
 Gabriel García Márquez, One Hundred Years of Solitude
 Frank Herbert, Dune
 Joseph Heller, Catch-22

62. Books of the 1960s
 John Steinbeck, Travels with Charley
 John le Carre, The Spy Who Came In from the Cold
 Malcolm X, The Autobiography of Malcolm X
 John Updike, Rabbit, Run
 Tom Wolfe, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test
 Edward Albee, Who's Afraid of Virginia
 John Barth, The Sot-Weed Factor
 Kobo Abe, The Woman In the Dunes
 Saul Bellow, Herzog
 James Baldwin, The Fire Next Time
 Ken Kesey, Sometimes a Great Notion

63. FILMS from the 1960s
 Alice's Restaurant (1969)
Digital History ID 1839
A cinematic adaption of Arlo Guthrie's classic song story.
 Blow Up (1966)
Digital History ID 1658
A photographer who is talented but aimless has photographed violence
and pain without feeling any involvement.
 Dr. No (1962)
Digital History ID 1683
In the first James Bond movie, Bond pursues the villainous Dr. No to
his secret installation on a Caribbean island
 Dr. Strangelove (1964)
Digital History ID 1684
An insane general starts a process to nuclear holocaust that a war
room of politicians and generals frantically try to stop

64. FILMS from the 1960s
 Guess Who's Coming to Dinner? (1967)
A couple whose attitudes are challenged when their daughter brings home a
fiance who is black.
 Hard Day's Night (1964)
A day in the life of the Beatles.
 Help (1965)
Ringo is the target of a cult and the band must protect him.
 Hustler (1961)
An up-and-coming pool player plays a long-time champion in a single high-stakes
match.
 Ice Station Zebra (1968)
A Russan satellite, containing films of western defense installations, crashes near
a British civilian weather research station and an American submarine is sent on
a rescue mission.
 In the Heat of the Night (1967)
An African American detective is asked to investigate a murder in a racist
southern town.

65. FILMS from the 1960s
 Midnight Cowboy (1969)
A naive male prostitute and his sickly friend struggle to survive on the streets of
New York City.
 Night of the Living Dead (1968)
A group of people hide from bloodthirsty zombies in a farmhouse.
 Putney Swope (1969)
A token African American on the board of an advertising firm is placed in charge.
 Russians Are Coming (1966)
A Soviet submarine beaches on the New England coast, sending the locals into a
paranoid frenzy.
 Wild in the Streets (1968)
A rock star joins forces with a California politician to lower the voting age and
enact a youth-oriented agenda.
 Z (1969)
Following the murder of a prominent leftist, an investigator tries to uncover the
truth while government officials attempt to cover up their roles.
Length of this clip: 1:20.

66. Sep 8, 1966 1st Episode of Star Trek

67. Big Yellow Taxi
Janis Joplin
Joni Mitchell
1960s Music Stars
Aretha Franklin
R-E-S-P-E-C-T
Me & Bobby McGee

68. 1960s The Music

69. 1960s The Music
A Hard Day's Night

70. Apr 14, 1960 Berry Gordon creates Motown

72. Thank You!

73. The Fall 2015 Myra Kraft Open Classroom
1965: A 50-Year Retrospective on the 1960s with Lessons for Today
Barry Bluestone
Director, Dukakis Center for Urban
& Regional Policy;
Professor, Political Economy
Northeastern University
Introduction: Overview of the 1960s
Setting the 1960s in the Context of the 1950s and the 1970s
Michael Dukakis
Three-term Governor of
Massachusetts;
Professor, Political Science
Northeastern University
Heather Campion
CEO
JFK Library Foundation