Schemm "Building Capacity: Perspectives from Elsevier, the Elsevier Foundation and Research4Life"
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This presentation was provided by Ylann Schemm of the Elsevier Foundation, during the NISO Hot Topic Virtual Conference "Building an Equitable, Global Research Community." The event was held on October 26, 2022.
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Schemm "Building Capacity: Perspectives from Elsevier, the Elsevier Foundation and Research4Life"
- 1. Building an Equitable, Global Research Community October 26, 2022 Ylann Schemm, VP Corporate Responsibility Director of the Elsevier Foundation Research4Life Executive Council Member Perspectives from Elsevier, the Elsevier Foundation and Research4Life
- 2. • R4L provides free or very low-cost access to research publications and online resources, Launched 2002, access partnership between WHO + medical research publishers Now 200+ publishers plus STM, 5 UN agencies, 2 university partners, 3 training partners, 2 technical partners • Research4Life’s eligibility criteria based upon Gross National Income per capita Group A (free access) and Group B (low cost access) Some 125 countries and territories included • The need for access to, and participation in, knowledge production and dissemination is at the core of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals Research4Life: More than 2 decades of access
- 3. Elsevier a founder, funder and driver of Research4Life since 2001 – committed through 2030. Provide 20% of the content and contribute leadership, comms, and analytical expertise. Elsevier ScienceDirect content, Scopus, Embase, Clinical Key, Embase available on Research4Life. Equitable APC waiver policy with 100% discounts for Group A R4L authors and 50% discounts for Group B authors. Research4Life: A unique public private partnership
- 4. Chair of Research4Life Executive Council June 2020 to June 2022; shaped and launched new strategic plan. Elsevier Foundation supported capacity building for Research4Life since training grant Country Connectors partnership ($70,000/year 2022–2024). Training through Librarians without Borders 2008-2021 Friends of Research4Life: founding contributor to support sustainable funding ($25,000/year 2020-2025). 2022 Research4Life Paradigm Shift Research4Life exists to cultivate an inclusive, diverse and equitable scholarly communications environment which enables researchers from lower income countries to address societal challenges.
- 5. Friends of Research4Life • Launched in Q4 2020, Friends of Research4Life is a 501(c)3 that enables targeted fundraising from publishers and private donors. • Create a sustainable, stable funding base to continue growing the partnership and support LMIC researchers in an evolving landscape. • Nearly $500,000 raised since 2021 launch: Elsevier was an inaugural funders. 5
- 6. The Elsevier Foundation The Elsevier Foundation is a corporate not-for-profit 501(c)(3), funded by Elsevier and founded in 2005. Our mission: The Elsevier Foundation champions inclusive health and research through grants and partnerships that incubate new approaches, highlight inequities and catalyze change toward the UN Sustainable Development Goals. By leveraging Elsevier’s funding, networks and unique insights in content, data and analytics, the Elsevier Foundation expands its impact in health, inclusion and diversity, and climate action.
- 7. Elsevier Foundation: What we do 70 COUNTRIES 15+ MILLION USD 17 YEARS 100+ PARTNERS Inclusive Health Information technology can significantly advance the delivery of healthcare in vulnerable communities. Our partnerships support organizations working to improve health outcomes in underserved communities through the innovative use of health information. Inclusive Research The future of science requires a robust and diverse workforce drawn from all corners of society. Our programs advance women in science, encourage underserved youth to choose STEM careers, and widen access to academic knowledge for scientists in developing countries
- 8. Research4Life: Country Connectors DELIVERY • Target countries: A balance of three tiers: non-use, low and high use of Research4Life • Measurement: active Research4Life institutions, number of eligible institutions, research status of the country and the strength of the network institution. • To date: University of Dodoma in Tanzania, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences in Bhutan; Ghana Library Association. • Q4 focal points: Liberia, Eswatini, Kenya and Sierra Leone. Length: 2022-2024 Funding: $70,000 a year GOAL Identify focal points in target countries to promote Research4Life, access to research with a tailored approach to networking, promotion and information skills building.
- 9. 9 Achieving an Equitable Transition to OA 2019 • Discussion between scholarly publishers and R4L • Is the road to universal Open Access equitable for developed and developing countries? • Informal Task Force of publishers + others: exploring equitable routes to Open Access • First step: gather evidence about the progress already made in developing countries (ICSR) 2020 • Presented results and held workshop at Researcher to Reader Conference • White paper published 2022 • Research refreshed through 2021 and to be presented at Council of Science Editors conference in November. https://www.elsevier.com/icsr/perspectives/equitable-transition-to-open-access
- 10. 10 Greater Consistency and Transparency around APC Waivers: Research4Life Best practice guidelines for APC waivers Practical ways to support researchers in LMICs for achieving OA ambitions Monitor Pilot Projects to Model a Transition to Open Access for LMIC institutions Greater Involvement of Researchers from LMICs in Editorial Boards and Peer Review systems Better Capacity Building Resources aimed at Authors, Reviewers and Editors from LMICs Support for the Publication of Research relevant to the Sustainable Development Goals Encourage and Showcase Collaboration between the Industrialized Regions and LMICs Leverage Research4Life’s status as a Global Non-profit Partnership
- 11. 11 • Despite the barriers around access to published research then, authors from R4L countries are demonstrating growth in volume of output. • Contribution made by researchers in R4L eligible countries growing but remains low: − 3.8% of world output in 2012 − 7.4% in 2021 Growth in scholarly output from R4L countries Source: Scopus. Full counting on articles, reviews, cps, short surveys. Deduplicated across R4L countries. Updated since original report was published to include latest full year. Growth in publication output 2012-2021 (CAGR) 12.4%
- 12. 12 Under consideration: Limitations: − To measure participation, we used Scopus.com: broad coverage of scholarly pubs from around the world − Some journals of local importance may not be covered; criteria for indexation includes title and abstract to be written in English − But we can use Scopus.com data to demonstrate the contribution from R4L authors to international scholarly literature What’s driving the growth in output? Average publication rate per researcher Average number of publications per author is holding steady in the main. Has done for a 10- year period. Growth in topics in which R4L researchers are publishing Some above average growth in social sciences, but that remains a small share of the total output Numbers of active R4L researchers Growing! The number of authors more than tripled in 10 years 12.7% CAGR 2012-2021
- 13. Research Themes | ICSR Advisory Board | ICSR Lab | ICSR Perspectives | icsr.net Research Themes | ICSR Advisory Board | ICSR Lab | ICSR Perspectives | icsr.net 13 • Majority of publications with min. 1 author from R4L country still published under subscription model • Open Access on the rise: • 24% in 2011 • 47% in 2022 • Of which, majority are publications in Gold OA • Hybrid uptake remains low (where waivers don’t tend to be offered in lieu of publication choice) • Globally, author-pays OA estimated to be 23% of all publications in 2021 (Scopus®) Uptake of Open Access publishing Share of publications with minimum one author from each Research4Life country by Open Access model. Source: Scopus and Unpaywall data for publication-level Open Access model. Full counting on articles, reviews, conference papers and short surveys; deduplicated so that publications with more than one author from a Research4Life country are counted only once.
- 14. • There is a limited but gradually growing appetite for Open Access publishing among authors from LMICs • And a strong preference for international journals • An equitable transition towards Open Access for LMIC-based researchers needs support from all within the research community. • There is unlikely to be a “one size fits all” solution, given widely variable funding levels, geography, incentives and discipline. • Each type of stakeholder, from research funder to individual researcher, can only influence a certain aspect of the research and dissemination cycle. ICSR data with thanks to: • Rachel Herbert, Senior Research Evaluation Manager, International Center for the Study of Research, Elsevier • Sarah Phibbs, Director, Research4Life Publisher Partnerships, STM Positive signals, but complexity in the route forward
Notas do Editor
- The Elsevier Foundation is part of Elsevier’s corporate responsibility and sustainability program, which centers on our unique contributions to sustainable development in health, gender, climate action and reducing inequalities. These are core SDG focus areas which we are closely aligned to Elsevier on. Through our inclusive health and research partnerships, our goal is to incubate new approaches, highlight inequities and catalyze change toward the UN SDGs by leveraging Elsevier’s unique networks and insights in content, data and analytics. Over the past 17 years, we’ve given over 82 grants and developed more than 20 partnerships across 70 countries with a 2022 budget of up to $1.5m a year. As our 2022 Elsevier Foundation report demonstrates, we have developed key focus areas in health and educational disparities in underserved communities, climate action, advancing women in science as well as researchers from the global south. This approach is reflected in our Elsevier Foundation 2022 report which we shared with you earlier in the year—the EF is never just about the funding, it’s looking for how we can build on top of that with in kind support and ultimately longer term co creation. On a day-to-day basis, the Elsevier Foundation is run by a small core team consisting of a Executive Director, Partnership Director and Coordinator. The team receives support from a Treasurer and Legal Counsel. In addition to annual programmatic funding, Elsevier provides funding to cover the administrative costs of running the Foundation and in-kind support through marketing, media outreach and volunteer support as needed from throughout the company. The Elsevier Foundation is governed by its Board which is comprised of 5 external and 6 internal (or ex-officio) members representing Elsevier - the company and funding partner. Members serve 3 year renewable terms. The Elsevier Foundation Board meets biannually to provide strategic guidance for the Foundation’s programming and governance. Throughout the year, Board members also provide expertise and advice around new partnership development opportunities. In addition, the Foundation team also regularly draws on the technical insights of a number of Elsevier advisors on areas such as data science, health informatics, nursing education and inclusion and diversity.
- Over the past 17 years, We’ve given over 82 grants and developed more than 20 partnerships across 70 countries with a current budget of 1.5m a year. (44 libraries 39 new scholars) 20 since parTnerships Since the launch of the SDGs, we moved to partnership driven model to align with SDG 17 Partnerships with the Goals because we believed this would increase our impact. We identified 2 key focus areas: Inclusive health, tackling health disparities in underserved communities and Inclusive Research, which advances women in science and researchers in developing countries as well as working to build a STEM pipeline for underserved youth. This was not a departure from the past, merely changing how we approach the same issues. Let me give you a few examples of our Inclusive Health program: Epicentre Research Center/Doctors without Borders Amref Leap mLearning SDRI: Latino Diabetes Community Scientists NLN/Elsevier HBCU Innovation Technology Excellence program BBRI: The Implementation Science Fellowship Program Black Women Health Alliance: Millennial Sister Circle Inclusive Research: Chemistry for Climate Action Challenge TWAS: Gender Equity and Climate Action Program Awards for Women Scientists in the Developing World Water First! Research4Life Black Girls CODE Club IMC Weekend School: Amsterdam STEM outreach Girls Inc.: Data Analytics Preparatory Program Imperial College London: Maker Challenge
- RESEARCH4LIFE I’d now like to give you a brief update on the Research4Life Country Connectors program. As you know, Research4Life is an UN-publishers partnership granting free or low-cost access to almost 200,000 resources to institutions in the Global South – with Elsevier being a founding partner. In July, Reseach4Life launched its new strategy to 2030 – one that makes explicit the need to center users as producers of knowledge, increasing participation of all researchers in the global community, and to support local networks in capacity development . This truly marks a paradigm shift, which is also reflected in the partnership’s government. After Ylann ended her term as Chair of the Executive Council this summer, Gracian Chimwaza stepped in as the first Chair from the Global South. And this new direction is where the Country Connectors come in. The context is that through impact surveys we know that Research4Life has a strong effect on the quality of research, practice, and policymaking in institutions where users are aware and trained in its use. However, the most recent User Experience review shows that many key players in the research and health ecosystems are simply unaware of the resources available to them through Research4Life. And at the same time, past pilot efforts have shown that dedicated country focal points can truly expand the extent to which Research4Life is known about and embedded within institutions. So, the Country Connectors project is designed to work in and with specific countries to promote access to research and evidence-based knowledge. In each of the target countries – which to date are Tanzania, Ghana, Bhutan, Liberia and Sierra Leone – the Connectors are now creating a tailored approach to networking, promotion and information skills building. We really see this project as a successor of our Librarians without Boarders program, which was a partnership with the Medical Library Association and provided ad hoc training, mainly North to South. Now, with the Connectors we’re working in a much more South to South dynamic, where users are truly embedded, accountable – and driving change in their communities. With my Research4Life colleagues I’ve recently delivered a half-day communications and engagement training for Country Connectors – and I have to say, the energy and excitement was palpable. Many of them are already delivering comprehensive plans – with targeted workshops, building stronger networks with libraries consortia, ties with accreditation boards, and so on. In 2023, we plan to build more partnerships with local groups and organisation, customize the local approaches, and implement work with close monitoring and evaluation – and additionally, Connectors in Kenya and Eswaitini will also be onboarded.
- At the Researcher to Reader conference workshop, a number of practical options were identified as ways of providing support to researchers in LMICs for achieving their Open Access publishing ambitions, with a focus on actions that can be taken by publishers unilaterally, or preferably, collectively. This is not an exhaustive list, but the following actions could help to ensure that researchers in less well-funded regions can achieve greater levels of exposure and equality among their published peers. Best practice guidelines for APC waivers https://www.research4life.org/partner-resources/apc-waivers/ 40 publishers have signed the index of publishers’ waivers
- Comparison to world (Scopus®): Across five years 2017-2021: global growth in output is 7%, R4L growth is 17.2% Note that this is only one aspect of contribution to research. For example, we should also consider editors and peer reviewers. Out of scope here, but important to remember! As Open Access grows, will this disparity diminish / disappear? What positive action is required? That was the purpose of the OA Task Force
- CAGR measures the average rate of growth of publications/authors over any number of periods (in this case, 10 years). It smooths out the volatility of year by year growth that can occur within a period.
- Elsevier estimates (based on Scopus) indicate that about 4% of all publications globally are published under Open Access in hybrid journals (2021, forecast) Note: waivers are not available on hybrid journals (at Elsevier, but this is standard) as a no-cost option is always present. This may explain the low uptake. From the report: These findings jibe well with those seen across a wider research community both in terms of the shares and the growth trends: the subscription model is still the preferred option for publishing authors, with the Gold APC model the growing favorite among the Open Access options that we studied. However, the share of hybrid uptake is a little lower among Research4Life authors. In the Researcher to Reader conference workshop, the group discussed the potential reasons behind these results. It’s likely that there are a number of reasons, among them a lack of funding, perhaps a lack of understanding of the availability of APC waivers, and inconsistent information and policies on waivers among publishers, making it difficult to understand the options. We also know that the level of motivation to publish research under an Open Access business model is often low among authors — and not just those in Research4Life countries (Shih, 2017). And, of course, not all of the research publications that we captured from Research4Life authors would have been eligible for waiver of the APC, for example, if waivers are conditional on the corresponding author being from a Research4Life country