NISO Two-Part Webinar: E-books for Education Part 1: Electronic Textbooks: Plug in and Learn

http://www.niso.org/news/events/2014/webinars/plug_in/
NISO Two-Part Webinar:
E-books for Education
Part 1: Electronic Textbooks:
Plug in and Learn
September 10, 2014
Speakers:
Nicole Allen, Director of Open Education,
Scholarly Publishing & Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)
Reggie Cobb, Biology Instructor, Nash Community College
Monica Metz-Wiseman, Coordinator of Electronic Collections,
University of South Florida Libraries

Advocating for Change
Open Textbooks and Affordability
@txtbks | sparc.arl.org
Nicole Allen (nicole@sparc.arl.org)
Director of Open Education, SPARC
NISO Webinar | September 10, 2014
Except where
otherwise noted…

SPARC, the Scholarly Publishing and Academic
Resources Coalition, is an international alliance of
academic and research libraries working to create a
more open system of scholarly communication.
www.sparc.arl.org

www.sparc.arl.org

Source http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-13-368

$1,207
Average student budget for books and
supplies for the 2013-2014 academic
year
Source http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-
2013-14

Macroeconomics (5th Edition) by Stephen D. Williamson

Source http://www.ucsbstuff.com

Source http://www.coursesmart.com/macroeconomics-fifth-edition/stephen-d-williamson/
dp/9780132992787

Source http://www.studentpirgs.org/sites/student/files/reports/A-Cover-To-Cover-Solution_4.pdf

Conventional Measures
% Student Savings Over New Print Text
25%
61%
52%
39%
E-Readers
E-Books
Rentals
Used Books
http://www.studentpirgs.org/reports/cover-cover-solution

Image © from http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/28/showbiz/heat-director-buddy-cop/

Market Failure

2 in 3
Students say they decided against
buying a textbook because the cost is
too high
Source http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

1 in 2
Students say they have at some point
taken fewer courses due to the cost of
textbooks
Source http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf

You can’t learn from
materials you can’t
afford

We can do better.

OPEN
EDUCATIONAL
RESOURCES

Hewlett Foundation Definition:
“OER are teaching, learning, and
research resources that reside in the
public domain or are released under an
intellectual property license that permits
their free use and repurposing by
others”

1. Free
(no cost, no barriers)
2. Reuse Rights
(open license or public domain)

Open Licensing
Uses copyright to enable
free sharing and reuse

Retain • Make and own copies
Reuse • Use in a wide range of ways
Revise • Adapt, modify, and improve
Remix • Combine two or more
The “5R” Permissions
Redistribute • Share with others
See www.opencontent.org for full definition.
The$5Rs$

(easy-to-use open licenses)
www.creativecommons.org

Open Content

OpenCourseWare

Captured from http://ocw.mit.edu/about/

OER Repositories

http://www.oercommons.org

Open Textbooks
www.sparc.arl.org

Image CC BY NC from http://www.slugbooks.com

Captured from http://openstaxcollege.org/

Open Textbook (Example)
• Free online
• Free PDF
• Free ePub
• Print $49.73
• Instructor can adapt
and distribute
http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics

http://www.bkstr.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?catalogId=10001&categoryId=9602&langId=-
1&productId=4000000000002535744&storeId=216405&productStoreId=216405
(the alternative)

http://oregonstate.edu/ua/ncs/archives/2014/feb/osu-open-textbook-initiative-aims-reduce-student-
costs-enhance-learning

100+ open textbooks
http://open.umn.edu

Source http://guides.library.umass.edu/content.php?pid=87648&sid=4778777

Impacts
www.sparc.arl.org

$1M student savings, and counting

Percentage of Students Passing With C or Better
Developmental Math Results"
Percentage passing with C or better
48.40%
60.18%
Supporting Adoption
70.00%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
Spring 2011
No OER
Spring 2013
All OER
n=2,842
Adapted from slides by David Wiley available under CC BY at
http://www.slideshare.net/opencontent

Source http://pm4id.org/

50% savings ($5/book)
and same test scores
Source http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/2821

What you can do
www.sparc.arl.org

Who is creating educational
content?
Would open licensing help
achieve their goals?

How is content organized and
disseminated?
How can those systems support
OER?

Advance our systems
for sharing information
toward openness

November 15-17 | Washington, D.C.
Sponsor a student from your campus
www.sparc.arl.org
www.opencon2014.org

November 19-21 | Washington, D.C.
Day-long track on Libraries & OER
www.sparc.arl.org
www.openedconference.org

www.sparc.arl.org
Libraries & OER Forum
http://www.sparc.arl.org/resource/sparc-libraries-
oer-forum

OPEN YOUR BOOKS
AND TURN TO PAGE 10
Getting students to use their e-textbooks
Presented by
Reggie Cobb
Biology Instructor, Nash Community College
Technology Power User for Cengage Learning

I. Introduction:
Background Information
• Have taught biology online since 2001
• General Biology
• Environmental Biology
• Human Biology
• Human Genetics
• First online classes
• Textbooks
• main source of course content
• possibly a link to the textbook website
• Learning Management System (LMS)
• Provide documents (syllabus / handouts)
• Communication using Discussion Boards
• Place to submit assignments
• Online Exams

I. Introduction:
Background Information (continued)
• Beginning 2007-08
• Textbooks
• Began providing more online learning tools for students
• Supplemented (optional)
• LMS
• Still the primary tool used in courses
• 2010-2013
• Textbooks
• Began providing e-texts along with regular textbooks
• Advanced online learning tools and multimedia included with textbooks
• Students required to complete assignments on textbook site
• LMS
• Continued to be the primary tool used in courses

I. Introduction:
Background Information (continued)
• Recently
• Textbooks
• A few students began purchasing e-text only (with online learning program)
• Online learning program required and used extensively
• LMS
• Documents and links to supplemental media
• Communication
• Online Exams
• Dilemma
• Students must go to several places to access
information and complete assignments
• Internet is very distracting
• Many of my students work full time, have families,
and try to take a full load of classes

II. Introduction:
Hypothesis
Incorporating an Interactive E-Text will promote student success.
• Students want/need to focus on learning
• Limited time – more guidance needed
• Providing a “one-stop-shop” can reduce the distractions
and help students focus on their learning
• Providing a “Learning Path” to help guide students is important
• Computers/Tablets are now affordable

III. Materials and Methods:
Materials - Cengage Learning’s MindTap
• Textbook specific online learning program
• Personalized Teaching
• Allows instructors to create a Learning Path for their students
• The e-text is embedded within the Learning Path
• Divided into small sections – “chunks”
• Multiple types of multimedia can be added to the learning
path or directly into the e-text
+ =

Methods - (1) Create Learning Path

Methods - (2) Include E-Text in Learning Path

Methods - (3) Take advantage of divided E-Text

Methods - (4) Personalize and add multimedia

IV: Results:
Benefits of Interactive E-Text
• Students are guided one step a time
• Distractions are reduced which promotes learning
• Dividing e-text into sections makes it more manageable
• Incorporating media and supporting files within e-text
forces students to at least “open” the textbook
• Personal results
• More students with A’s and B’s
and less with low C’s and D’s
• Unfortunately, several other factors may have contributed
• Non-majors biology course options became available for students
seeking Associate of Arts degrees
• Additional activities that require students to engage with the material
were added to course requirements

IV: Results:
Disadvantages of Interactive E-Text
• Time
• It takes time to create and/or add multimedia and links
• Availability
• Not all students have the technology at home
• Accessibility
• Currently available through a web-browser
• When websites are updated, links within the
E-Text must be updated

V. Discussion:
Interactivite E-Text –Work in Progress
• Personally
• The hypothesis is accepted – incorporating an
interactive e-text promoted student learning
• Personalizing and adding multimedia links to
MindTap is a work in progress
• Other Comments
• MindTap has the following tools that were not discussed
• ReadSpeaker
• Collaboration area called the ConnectYard
• Interactive Flashcards
• Notebook and Highlights section – highlight/save specific text
• Manageable online testing features with CNow

THANK YOU!
Do you have any questions?
Reggie Cobb
rcobb@nashcc.edu

Credits
• Images
• Slide 2
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology
• http://www.oocities.org/trooperselectronics/COMPUTER_SETS_2001.jpg
• Slide 3
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laptop
• Slide 4
• http://www.intelegia.com/en/files/2011/10/dilemma-270x300.jpg
• Slide 5
• http://www.travelandleisure.com/images/media/0000/7655/201212-b-electronic-devices.jpg
• Slide 6
• http://www.cengagebrain.com/static/storefront/US/images/free_eChapter_ipad.png
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Youtube_icon.svg
• http://logos.wikia.com/wiki/Microsoft_PowerPoint
• http://www.logoeps.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/adobe_pdf-logo.jpg
• http://png.findicons.com/files/icons/2275/sinem/128/jpeg_file_icon.png
• MindTap Screenshot – R. Cobb 2014
• Slide 7-10, 13
• MindTap Screenshots – R. Cobb 2014
• Slide 14
• http://www.nashcc.edu
• http://news.cengage.com/images-for-media/

A Proof of Concept Initiative: the
Internet2/EDUCAUSE Etextbook Pilots
NISO
September 10, 2014
Monica Metz-Wiseman, Coordinator of Electronic Collections

Who we are?
• Comprehensive, public research university
with AAU aspirations
• Focus on research
• Focus on students

Our students and textbook
affordability
• 41% of USF students - Pell grant recipients
• Average student debt: >$25,000
• 25% of expenses = textbooks
• 7% annual increases on textbooks (2002-2012)

Student Success with limited access to
textbooks?
59% of USF Students do not purchase
textbooks due to cost, 20% frequently*
What is the impact on teaching and
learning?
*2012 Florida Student Textbook Survey

Who else is paying attention to textbook
affordability?

Textbook Affordability at USF
• Ebooks in the Classroom
• Ares and the CCC Annual Academic License
• Print textbooks on reserve with funding from
the University

Internet2/EDUCAUSE
Etextbook Pilots
Purpose - to explore new methods of access to
online course content.
Based on three new concepts:
1. Replace print textbooks.
2. Access to materials is obtained through an
institutional site license instead of individual
student purchase.
3. The method of access is publisher and
platform independent.

Overview of pilots
• Initially one publisher, McGraw-Hill
• Payment of flat fee based on tiers
• Textbook was provided at no cost
• Etextbook platform, Courseload
• Three pilots
– Fall, 2012
– Spring, 2013
– Fall, 2013

I2/EDUCAUSE Etextbook Pilot
Participating Colleges & Universities
Some of 28 participating schools in the fall, 2012 pilot:
• Baylor University
• Cal State Polytechnic University, Pomona
• Colorado State University
• Cornell University
• Dartmouth College
• Miami University
• Michigan State University
• University of California, Berkeley
• University of Colorado
• University of South Florida
• University of Virginia
• University of Wisconsin, Madison
• Virginia Tech

Courseload
Content is made accessible through Blackboard/Canvas and
can be used on any PC, laptop, IPad, tablet, or Smartphone.

Open Access Textbook: ENC 1101
• Pilots allowed open access, locally authored
content
• Only USF and Cornell tested this concept in the
fall pilot

Pilot Assessment, Three Instruments
Assess effectiveness of etextbooks and type of
delivery across a wide variety of subject areas.
Factors to review included:
• Faculty acceptance
• Student satisfaction
• Ease of Use
• Student cost benefits
• Student engagement
• Learning outcomes

Was this the eTexbook Bust?
“The final report on a major digital textbook pilot
appeared recently….The pilot, which took place in
the spring of this year and included Cornell, Indiana
University at Bloomington, and the Universities of
Minnesota, Virginia, and Wisconsin at Madison, was
pretty close to a complete failure.”*
*posted on the Akademos Blog,
http://www.akademos.com/blog/2012/09/

Composite data
Fall 2012:
Number of Students: 1433
Number of Faculty: 15
Total Courses: 13
Total Cost Benefit: $206,736.00
Spring 2013:
Number of Students: 1,566
Fall 2013:
ENC1101, Fall 2012:
Previous print textbook cost: $59.00
ENC1101, Spring 2013:
Totals, 2012-13

Student Assessment Results
• 61% had no previous experience with
etextbooks in their college courses
• 67% preferred to buy a print textbook over an
etextbook before the pilot
• 82% did not purchase a print copy of the
etextbook for the pilot
• 55% reported no change in their reading
strategies with the etextbook

More Student Assessment Results
• 68% read the same amount of content or
more with the etextbook
• 75% felt their study time was more effective
and efficient with the etextbook features
• 76% reported the etextbook helped them to
better understand ideas and concepts in their
course

More feedback from our students
• 73% felt more engaged with the course
content by using the etextbook
• 80% reported greater flexibility to learn the
way they wanted with the etextbook
• 76% reported the etextbook allowed them to
better organize and structure their learning
• 60% did not see an increase in interaction or
collaboration with their classmates

More feedback from our students
• 52% did not see an increase in interaction
with their professor
• 64% reported that they would be open to
purchasing an etextbook in the future
• 75% were open to the idea to a mandatory
etextbook fee, if USF’s fee was substantially
lower than the etextbook cost

What we learned from our faculty
• Motivation for participation: costs savings, then enhance
learning and experiment with technology
• The majority had not previously used an etextbook in their
courses.
• Most of the faculty attended training sessions for the pilot
and all of attendees found the etextbooks easy to use.
• Most did not alter their teaching
• About half of the faculty felt that their students were more
engaged.
• Most did not encourage students to use the annotation and
highlight sharing features of the etextbook, explaining that
they did not want one person to do all of the work for the
rest of the students.

More feedback from faculty
• Etextbooks enhance student learning and
participation in classroom, due to the presumed
low cost and accessibility
• Uncertainty for the future of etextbooks at USF
stifled investment of time and work
• About 50% instructors supported a mandatory
course fee to reduce etextbooks costs
• The other 50% wanted students to maintain
choice
• There was overall satisfaction with etextbooks
while only a few preferred traditional textbooks

After the pilots, next steps
• State-wide etextbook committee formed
• Internet2 group was formed for a production
level initiative that included USF
• Developed extensive set of requirements
• Met with major textbook publishers in
Washington, D.C. and Wisconsin

100% Sell Through vs. Student Choice

What is our current status?
• Internet2 group on hiatus
• Continuing established textbook affordability
programs with the exception of the CCC
license
• Still exploring how to fund etextbooks through
a student fee with Provost as advocate
• USF launching an open access textbook
initiative on September 15, 2014

Questions?
Monica Metz-Wiseman
Coordinator of Electronic Collections
monica@usf.edu
813 974-9854

NISO Two-Part Webinar:
E-books for Education, Part 1:
Electronic Textbooks: Plug in and Learn
Questions?
All questions will be posted with presenter answers on
the NISO website following the webinar:
http://www.niso.org/news/events/2014/webinars/plug_in/
NISO Webinar • September 10, 2014

THANK YOU
Thank you for joining us today.
Please take a moment to fill out the brief online survey.
We look forward to hearing from you!

NISO Two-Part Webinar: E-books for Education Part 1: Electronic Textbooks: Plug in and Learn

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