This document discusses computer memory and storage. It defines memory as physical devices that temporarily store programs and data for processing, while storage refers to technology for retaining digital data. It describes the main types of computer storage as internal storage (RAM, ROM, caches), and external storage (hard drives, optical drives, tapes, flash memory). RAM is volatile and used for active data, while ROM is non-volatile and contains the startup BIOS. Different storage devices are discussed, along with portable storage options like flash drives and wireless drives. Hard disks are outlined as the most common secondary storage that uses rapidly rotating disks to read and write magnetized data.

2. Arun .R. Menon
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Memoryand Storage

3. Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of
baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official
document of baabtra –Mentoring Partner
Baabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd

4. Memory & Storage
• Terms which are commonly used alternatively.
• Memory refers to the physical devices used to
store programs on a temporary or permanent
basis for use in a computer.
• Storage refers to the a technology consisting
of computer components and recording media
used to retain digital data.

5. Computer storage types

6. Internal Storage
• Also known as Primary Memory,Main Memory
• The only one directly accessible to CPU
• Continuous interaction with CPU
• Any data actively operated is stored in internal
storage
• Contains RAM, ROM, Processer Registers
,Processer Cache.

7. RAM (Random Access Memory)
• Volatile
• Store the currently processing details data etc
• Allow data to be written and read in a rough
manner
• System speed and performance is dependent
to this
• Mainly two types DRAM & SRAM

8. ROM(Read Only Memory)
• Non Volatile
• Contains startup program (BIOS) of system
• Helps in System Booting
• Mostly programmed at the time of
manufacture
• Also have different types
PROM,EPROM,EEPROM,FLASH MEMORY

9. • Processor registers
• Inside processor ,32-64 bit
• Fastest of all the class of memory
• Processor cache
• Intermediate between registers and Main
Memory(RAM)
• Fast & Small size

10. External Storage
• Also known as Secondary storage , auxiliary
storage
• Indirectly accessed by CPU
• Input/output channel are used
• non-volatile
• Keep data for long run & future analysis
• Less Expensive
• Hard drive, Optical storage, Flash memory,
Magnetic Tapes, Ram disks etc

11. Storage Devices
• Storage device is a device
for recording (storing) information (data).
Recording can be done using virtually any
form of energy.
• Function is same only the mode of working
changes
• Volatile and Non volatile

12. Portable Storage
• Any storage device which is mobile can be
stated as portable.
• The device must be platform independent
• The very first commonly used portable
storage is Floppy .
• Optical storage
• Flash Drive
• PSD
• Wireless PSD

13. Hard Disk
• The most commonly used Secondary storage
• a data storage device used for storing and
retrieving digital information using rapidly
rotating disks
• The data is read from the disk by detecting
the transitions in magnetization. User data is
encoded using an encoding scheme

14. components of a computer HDD

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