Management Process and Principles - MASLOWS’ NEED HIERARCHY OF MOTIVATION

1. SUBMITTED TO:
Prof. H. Ramananda Singh
M.Sc. , MBA, PGDCA, Ph.D.
SUBMITTED BY:
Biswajit Bhattacharjee (19)
MASLOWS’ NEED HIERARCHY OF
MOTIVATION

2. Key Elements
1. Intensity: how hard a person tries
2. Direction: toward beneficial goal
3. Persistence: how long a person tries
Motivation
The processes that account for an individual’s
intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward
attaining a goal.
What is Motivation?

3. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970)
Humanistic-Existential Paradigm
Self-actualization Theory

4. ABRAHAM MASLOW
Theory of Human Motivation
INTRODUCTION:
The basis of Maslow's theory is that human beings are
motivated by unsatisfied needs, and that certain lower
needs need to be satisfied before higher needs can be
satisfied. According to Maslow, there are general types
of needs (physiological, safety, love, and esteem) that
must be satisfied before a person can act unselfishly. He
called these needs "deficiency needs." As long as we
are motivated to satisfy these cravings, we are moving
towards growth, toward self-actualization. Satisfying
needs is healthy, while preventing gratification makes
us sick or act evilly.

5. Maslow’s Need Hierarchy
• Maslow’s theory assumes that a person
attempts to satisfy the more basic needs before
directing behavior toward satisfying upper-level
needs.
• Lower-order needs must be satisfied before a
higher-order need begins to control a person’s
behavior.
• A satisfied need ceases to motivate.

6. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS
MOST NEEDS HAVE TO DO WITH
SURVIVAL PHYSICALLY AND
PSYCHOLOGICALLY

7. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS
SAFETY NEEDS
ON THE WHOLE AN INDIVIDUAL
CANNOT SATISFY ANY LEVEL
UNLESS NEEDS BELOW ARE
SATISFIED

8. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS
SAFETY NEEDS
LOVE, AFFECTION, AND
BELONGINGNESS NEEDS

9. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS
SAFETY NEEDS
LOVE, AFFECTION, AND
BELONGINGNESS NEEDS
ESTEEM NEEDS

10. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
SELF-
ACTUALIZATION
NEED
FOR
MASLOW EMPHASIZES NEED FOR SELF
ACTUALIZATION IS
A HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL’S PRIME
MOTIVATION

11. Physiological Needs
Physiological needs are those required to sustain
life, such as:
– Air
– Water
– Food
– Sleep

12. Safety Needs
Once physiological needs are met, one's attention turns to
safety and security in order to be free from the threat of
physical and emotional harm. Such needs might be
fulfilled by:
– Living in a safe area
– Medical insurance
– Job security
– Financial reserves

13. Social Needs
Once a person has met the lower level physiological
and safety needs, higher level needs awaken. The
first level of higher level needs are social needs.
Social needs are those related to interaction with
others and may include:
– Friendship
– Belonging to a group
– Giving and receiving love

14. Esteem Needs
Once a person feels a sense of "belonging", the need to feel
important arises. Esteem needs may be classified as
internal or external.
Internal esteem needs are those related to self-esteem such
as self respect and achievement
External esteem needs are those such as social status and
recognition. Some esteem needs are:
– Self-respect
– Achievement
– Attention
– Recognition
– Reputation

15. Self-Actualization
Self-actualization is the summit of Maslow's hierarchy of
needs. It is the quest of reaching one's full potential as a
person.
Self-actualized people tend to have needs such as:
–Truth
–Justice
–Wisdom
–Meaning

16. The Criticisms of the theory include the
following
• The needs may not follow a definite hierarchical
order. For example, even if safety need is not
satisfied, the social need may emerge.
• The need priority model may not apply at all times
in all places.
• The level of motivation may be permanently lower
for some people. For example, a person suffering
from chronic unemployment may remain satisfied
for the rest of his life if only he get enough food.

17. Thank you