pracatical crop production Significance of pulse to indian national economy and also its significant role to human nutririon like protein content and also its contribution to growing GDP

1. BABLU HRANGKHAWL
CAU/CPGS/B17/02
B.Sc. Agri 3RD Year
COA-KYRDEMKULAI
Significance of
pulses in national
economy and Human
nutrition

2. Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy contributing
14 % of its total GDP and employing around 55% of the total
working population in India.
Around 65% of India’s total population is dependent upon
agriculture and allied sectors.
Various cereals (wheat, rice etc.), pulses such as (tur, gram
etc.) and oilseeds (groundnut, soybean) are produced largely
in India.
India is the world’s largest producer and consumer of
pulses accounting about 27 percent of the total production
and about 30 percent of the total consumption in the world.
The total production of pulses in India during the year
2013-14 was 18.5 million tons.

3. Agriculture plays a vital role in India’s economy. 54.6% of
the population is engaged in agriculture and allied
activities (census 2011) and it contributes 17.4% to the
country’s Gross Value Added for the year 2016-17 (at
current prices).
 As per the land use statistics 2014-15, total geographical
area of the country is 328.7 million hectares, of which
reported net sown area is 140.1 million hectares and the
gross cropped area is 198.4 million hectares with a
cropping intensity of 142 percent. The net area sown
works out to be 43 percent of the total geographical area.
The net irrigated area is 68.4 million hectares.

4. There has been a continuous decline in the share of agriculture and
allied Sectors in the GVA from 18.6 percent in 2013-14 to 17.4
percent in 2016-17. Falling share of agriculture and allied sectors in
GVA is an expected outcome in a fast growing and structurally
changing economy.

5. Importance of Pulses
Pulses production and consumption are
important in maintaining food security
They occupy an important place in human diet
Pulses contain more protein than any other
grains and vegetables
Cultivation of pulses helps to maintain soil
fertility through the nitrogen fixation
They are cultivated in many parts and consumed
in all parts of the world

6. Pulses are one of the important food crops globally due to
higher protein content.
Pulses are an important group of crops in India, which is
also responsible for yielding large financial grains by
amounting for a large part of the exports.
Pulses are the major sources of protein in the diet.
Of all categories of people pulses form an integral part of
the Indian diet, providing much needed protein to the
carbohydrate rich diet.
India is the largest producer of pulses in the world .
Pulses are 20 to 25 per cent protein by weight which is
double the protein content of wheat and three times that of
rice.

7. Varieties : Major pulses are grown chickpeas (gram), pigeon pea
(tur or arhar), moong beans, urd (black matpe), masur
(lentil), peas and various kinds of beans .
Areas of Cultivation : The main regions with high productivity
are Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal delta
region, coastal Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, coastal and
eastern Karnataka and some parts of Maharashtra.
*India Facts and Figures : The country has exported 2.70 Lakh.T
of pulses to the world for the worth of Rs.1,533.69
crores/214.87 USD Millions during the year 2019-20.
*Major Export Destinations (2019-20) : China , USA, Algeria,
Bangladesh, Sri Lanka .

8. Importance of Pulses
Pulses production and consumption are important in
maintaining food security
They occupy an important place in human diet
Pulses contain more protein than any other grains and
Vegetables
Cultivation of pulses helps to maintain soil fertility
through the nitrogen fixation
They are cultivated in many parts and consumed in all
parts of the world

9. Even though India is the world largest producer of pulses, the
county is importing a large amount of pulses to meet the
growing domestic needs.
During 2007, India imported 2.79 million tonnes of various
pulses, especially from the countries like China, Canada,
Australia and Myanmar.
India is one of the exporter of pulses. Now, Indian government
banned the export of pulses to meet the growing domestic
demand.

10. 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
INDIA BURMA CANADA CHINA AUTRALIA
Series 1
Series 1
18.5 MT
6.02 MT
4.96 MT
4.02 MT
3.89 MT
2014-15

11. Total pulses India, Canada, China mainland,
Myanmar, Brazil, Australia, Ethiopia,
USA, Russia, Nigeria, mexico
Chickpea India, Australia, Pakistan, Myanmar,
ethiopia, Turkey, Iran, Mexico
Pigeonpea Indian, Myanmar, Malawi, Kenya, nepal,
Uganda
Lentil Canada, India, Australia, Turkey, Nepal,
China, USA, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Iran
Beans dry Indian, Myanmar, Brazil, USA, Malawi,
Kenya, Nepal, Uganda
2014 DATA

12. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer’s welfare

13. The above data signifies the increases in the area coverage
and productivity of all major pulses, total production of
pulses during 2016-17 is estimated at a record level of 22.95
million tonnes.
The production during 2016-17 is higher by 6.61 million
tonnes than the previous year’s production of 16.35 million
tonnes. Total food grain production during 2016-17 in the
country is estimated at 275.68 million tonnes which is
higher by 10.64 million tonnes than the previous record
production of foodgrain of 265.04 million tonnes (2013-14)
and also higher by 24.12 million tonnes than the foodgrain
production in 2015-16.

15. Extent of Pulses Cultivation
As stated previously, India is world’s largest cultivator of
pulses. Among the Indian states, Madhya Pradesh is the leading
pulses producer. Other states which cultivate pulses in larger
extent include Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan,
Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Bihar. In general, pulses are
grown in two seasons, one in the warm, rainy period (May-
October) and other in the cool, dry season (November-April).
Chickpeas, lentils, and dry peas are grown in the cool season,
while pigeon peas, mung beans, horse gram, and moth beans
are produced during the rainy period.
Area under pulses cultivation in India is more or less stagnant.
During the period under analysis, cultivation area of the crops
varies narrowly between 20.5 lakh ha. and 23.86 lakh ha. Some
marginal improvements have occurred during the years of 2006
and 2007.
Details on season-wise area under pulses cultivation indicates
that the pulses are cultivated marginally higher in Rabi season
than the Kharif season

16. Production of Pulses
Production of pulses in India has slightly improved, thanks to
marginal improvement in the yield of the crops. Volume of pulses
production has increased from 17.05 million tonnes in 2014-15 to
22.95 million tonnes in 2016-17.
It is confirms that there is a marginal improvement in the
production. Analysis of season wise production of pulses gives
some remarkable points.
Even though there are some sort of equality in the area under
cultivation of pulses in two seasons, the production of pulses is
significantly high in the Rabi season, as a result of relative higher
rate of yield in that season.

17. Pulse for nutrition

18. Why are they important?
Pulse crops such as lentils, beans, peas and chickpeas are an
important source of plant-based proteins and amino acids for
humans and animals. They also provide other important nutrients;
Pulses play as part of sustainable food production aimed towards
food security and nutrition. They are part of a healthy diet to
address all forms of malnutrition
Pulses are thought to have positive effects on the prevention of
non- communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes, coronary
conditions and cancer
Pulses are recommended in many dietary guidelines such as
Health Canada’s Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide, the
MyPlate system of the United States Department of Agriculture
(USDA), the Eatwell Plate of the Food Standards Agency in the UK
and Nutrition Australia’s Healthy Living Pyramid
Pulses are an important part of vegetarian diets and are often
used as meat replacement. They are therefore contributing
positively to climate change.

20. Importance in human nutrition -Composition
High protein content in their structure and significant
importance in terms of nutrition source;
The amino acid composition of pulses are complementary to
those of cereals, and if consumed in combination, increase the
overall protein quality of the meal;
High content of fibre and relatively high amylose starch and anti-
nutrients (phytic acid)
Low fat content and no cholesterol;
Low glycemic index;
Rich in minerals (iron, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, zinc)
and B- vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, and folate).
The high iron content contributes to meeting iron requirements
However, phytate is negatively impacting on the mineral
absorption
Produce flatulance because of the oligosaccharide content

21. Importance in human nutrition – Health benefits
Association between consumption of pulses and reduced risk of
obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, components of
metabolic syndrome and cancer;
Pulses may help to increase satiety and weight loss (fibres,
trypsin inhibitors and lectins may reduce food intake by
facilitating and prolonging cholecystokinin secretion)
Dietary fibre and resistant starch of pulses have been shown to
alter energy expenditure, substrate trafficking and fat oxidation
as well as visceral adipose deposition
The high amounts of insoluble fibre found in pulses has shown to
improve colon health, helping to prevent colon-rectal cancer
Phytonutrients, including antioxidants, found in pulses may have
anti-cancer properties.

22. Pulses provide important nutrients and are
recommended as part of a healthy diet
Most national dietary guidelines recommend pulses as part
of a healthy diet. Studies have shown that people who eat at
least ½ cup of pulses per day have higher intakes of fibre,
protein, calcium, potassium, folate, zinc, iron, and
magnesium as well as lower intakes of total and saturated
fat.

23. Pulses are an important plant-based source of
protein
Many diets around the world rely on pulses as a source of
protein. The amount of protein in beans, lentils, chickpeas
and peas is 2-3 times the levels found in cereal grains like
wheat, rice, quinoa, oats, barley, and corn. For example,
eating just ½ cup of lentils provides the same amount of
protein as 1 cup of quinoa or 2 cups of rice or corn.
Compared to animal and many other plant-based sources of
protein, pulses are a more affordable and sustainable
protein source.

24. Pulses are an excellent source of dietary fibre
and other complex carbohydrates
One cup of cooked pulses gives you more than half the
amount of fibre you need for the entire day. Pulses also
contain both soluble and insoluble fibre.
Soluble fibre can help manage body weight, blood sugar
levels and lower cholesterol. Insoluble fibre on the other
hand, assists with digestion and regularity. Pulses also
contain resistant starch, a type of carbohydrate that
behaves like fibre in the body; and has been shown have
similar health benefits such as reduced circulating
cholesterol and blood sugar levels as well as improved gut
health.

25. THANKYOU
Source of reference : TNAU agri Portal,
internet(Ministry of agriculture and farmers
welfare), ICAR(directorate of agri-statistics)