Who doesn't visit the museum?Everyone has heard about it and held parents' hands and walked through the aisles of fascinating objects, sculptures, murals, etc and have been in awe. What is a Museum? Types of Museums? Challenges Case study Organizational body

1. Museums
Vedant Ma’am CA1 project
GROUP 1

2. Museum
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The preservation & interpretation of some
material aspect of society’s consciousness.
Non-p rofit, p ermanent institution in the service of society and its d evelop ment, op en to the p ub lic, which
acq uires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhib its the tangib le and intangib le heritage of humanity
and its environment for the p urp oses of ed ucation, stud y and enjoyment. It includ es live museums.

3. Museum
❖ Museum,is an institution dedicated to preserving
& interpreting the primary tangible evidence of
humankind and the environment.(mainly unique
& constitute the raw materials of study &
research)
❖ Evidently they are removed in time,place, and
circumstance from their original context,& they
communicate directly to the viewer in a way not
possible through other media.

4. Museum purposes
1
To serve as recreational
facilities,Scholarly
venues,Educational
resources
5
Even to transmit overtly
ideological concepts.
2
To contribute to the
quality of life of the
areas where they are
situated
4
To promote civic pride
or nationalistic
endeavour;
3
To attract tourism to a
region
Purposes
Museums reveal remarkable
diversity in form,content, and
even function

5. Types of
Museum
Avantika

6. 5
4
3
2
1

7. 4
Natural history museums
Usually display objects from
nature like stuffed animals or
pressed plants in a building,
historic house or a historic site.
They educate about natural
history, dinosaurs, zoology,
oceanography, anthropology,
evolution, environmental They
collect objects and artifacts that
tell a chronological story about
particular locality. Objects that are
collected could be documents,
artifacts, archeological findings
and other.
3
Military and war museums
Specialized in military histories.
Usually organized from a point of
view of a one nation and conflicts
in which that country has taken
part. They collect and present
weapons, uniforms, decorations,
war technology and other objects.
Maritime museums
Specialized museums for
displaying maritime history,
culture or archaeology and to
educate the public about
maritime past. Primarily
archaeological maritime
museums exhibit artifacts and
preserved shipwrecks recovered
from bodies of water.
2
1
Living history museum
Type of a museum in which
historic events are performed by
actors to immerse a viewer and
show how certain events looked
like or how some crafts were
performed because there is no
other way to see them now
because they are obsolete. 5 All types of paintings, drawings,
sculpture, architecture,etc.

8. Pop-up museums.
Nontraditional museum
institutions. Made to last short
and often relying on visitors to
provide museum objects and
labels while professionals or
institution only provide theme.
With that is constructed
shared historical authority.
Science museums
Specialized for science and
history of science. In the
beginning they were static
displays of objects but now
they are made so the visitors
can participate and that way
better learn about different
branches of science.
Mobile museum
Museums that have no
specific strict place of
exhibiting . They could be
exhibited from a vehicle or
they could move from
museum to museum as
guests. Also a name for a
parts of exhibitions of a
museum that are sent to
another museum.
Open-air museums
Characteristic for exhibiting
outdoors. Exhibitions consist
of buildings that recreate
architecture from the past.
First opened in Scandinavia
near the end of the 19th
century.

9. Types of Museums Associations
➔ International Council of Architectural Museums(ICAM)
➔ Association of AcademicMuseumsandGalleries(AAMG)
➔ Association of Children'sMuseums
➔ International Association of Women'sMuseums(IAWM)
➔ International Association of Customs/TaxMuseums(IACM)
➔ Medical MuseumsAssociation (MeMA)
➔ International Association of Transport andCommunicationsMuseums(IATM)
➔ Aviation Museumsof theWorld
➔ Council of American MaritimeMuseums
➔ International Congressof MaritimeMuseums
➔ Federation of International Human RightsMuseums(FIHRM)

10. First
Museum
Avantika

11. Timeline
1471
Capitoline Museums
When Pope Sixtus IV donated a
group of important ancient
sculptures to the people of
Rome.[Medieval,renaissance,statues
,coin,jewelry etc]
Group of art and archaeological
museums in Piazza del Campidoglio,
on top of the Capitoline Hill in
Rome, Italy.
1506
Vatican Museums
Second oldest museum in the world,
traces its origins to the public displayed
sculptural collection begun in 1506 by
Pope Julius II.
Group of museums located inside the
Vatican City
Displaying works from the immense
collection built up by the Roman Catholic
Church throughout the centuries,
including some of the most renowned
classical sculptures and most important
masterpieces of Renaissance art in the
world.
1592
Royal Armouries in
the Tower of
London
Britain’s oldest museum, one of the oldest
museums in the world and home to the
world’s oldest visitor attraction. It
opened to the public in 1660, though
there had been paying privileged visitors
to the armouries displays from 1592.3
places in a purpose built museum in Leeds,
West Yorkshire; a Victorian fort at Fort
Nelson, Portsmouth, Hampshire; and its
historic home at the Tower of London in
the White Tower. 1671
Amerbach Cabinet
Originally a private collection, was bought
by the university and city of Basel in 1661
and opened to the public in 1671.
This event marks the opening of the first
and still existing public museum in the
world.
Today, the collection is part of a rich
historical and cultural heritage in the city
of Basel.
1677
Ashmolean Museum
Britain's first public museum and the
oldest university museum in the world.
Collection-:- 1677 the cabinet of
curiosities from Elias Ashmole.Built in
1683
An extensive collection of items with
artistic and archaeological significance.
Biblical manuscripts, drawings by
Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and
Michelangelo, watercolours by Turner, a
ceremonial dress owned by Lawrence of
Arabia, and more.
1694
Musée des Beaux-Arts
et d'archéologie
Besançon,Established in 1694 after Jean-
Baptiste Boisot, an abbot, gave his
personal collection to the Benedictines of
the city in order to create a museum open
to the public two days every week.
Large collections of archaeology,
paintings, and drawing cabinet.
Egyptian mummies, works of art from
notable Italian, French, and Spanish
painters, and over 5,500 drawing cabinets
collected from European schools.

12. 1999-Present

13. Fun f ac t
The first public museum in England was the
Ashmolean Museum,named after the
antiquary Elias Ashmole. The remains of a
dodo, which later inspired lewis Carroll in
Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland,was one
of the oddities included in this collection.

15. Kunstkamera
Old St. Petersburg Academ y of Science Building.
1717
founded/172
7 public
British Museum❏ Sir Hans Sloane' s personal collection of curios provided the initial
foundation for the British M useum ' s collection.
❏ M ore than seven m illion objects, are am ongst the largest and m ost
com prehensive in the world
❏ Originate from all continents, illustrating and docum enting the
story of hum an culture from its beginnings to the present.
1753
founded/
1759 public
Uffizi Gallery
❏ Art collection of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence was begun in the 15th century by
Cosim o de’ M edici, enlarged by his descendants, and in 1743 bequeathed by the
last heir of the House of M edici " to the people of Tuscany and to all nations" .
❏ M ost fam ous m useum s of paintings and sculpture in the world.
❏ Collection of Prim itive and Renaissance paintings com prises several universally
acclaim ed m asterpieces of all tim e, including works by Giotto, Sim one M artini,
Piero della Francesca, Fra Angelico, Filippo Lippi, Botticelli, M antegna,
Correggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, M ichelangelo and Caravaggio. Germ an,
Dutch and Flem ish m asters are also well represented with im portant works by
Dürer, Rem brandt and Rubens.
1743
State Hermitage Museum
❏ St. Petersburg by Catherine the Great
❏ Collection- :- M ore than three m illion works of art and artefacts of
the world culture.
❏ Am ong them are paintings, graphic works, sculptures and works
of applied art, archaeological finds and num ism atic m aterial.
1764
founded /
1852 public
Museo del Prado
❏ M adrid by Charles III of Spain
❏ Greatest m asterpieces as The Garden of Earthly Delights by Bosh,
The Noblem an with his hand on his Chest by El Greco, Death of the
Virgin by M antegna, The Holy Fam ily known as The Pearl by
Raphael, Em peror Carlos V on Horseback by Titian, The Foot
Washing by Tintoretto, Self- portrait by Durër, Las M eninas by
Velázquez, The Three Graces by Rubens, and The Fam ily of Carlos
IV by Goya.
1785
founded /
1819 public
Belvedere Palace of the Habsburg monarchs in
Vienna❏ Housed in two m agnificent palaces – the Upper and Lower
Belvedere, and hom e to the largest collection of Gustav Klim t’ s
paintings, the Belvedere in Vienna ranks am ong the world’ s m ost
striking and significant m useum s.
❏ Greatest collection of Austrian art dating from the M iddle Ages to
the present day, placed in an international context.
1781
Louvre Museum
❏ World' s largest m useum s, the m ost visited art
m useum in the world and a historic m onum ent,
the Louvre is a central landm ark of Paris.
❏ Nearly 35,000 objects from prehistory to the
19th century are exhibited over an area of
60,600 square m etres (652,300 square feet).
1793
Brukenthal National Museum
❏ Sibiu, Transylvania, is housed in the palace of
Sam uel von Brukenthal, a Habsburg governor
of Transylvania Collection:- oldest institution
in Rom ania.
❏ Com prises European Art, Rom anian Art and the
Library (in the Brukenthal Palace),
Contem porary Art and the M useum of History
(in the Altem berger House), the M useum of
Natural History, M useum of Pharm acy and
M useum of Hunting.
1790
founded
1st / 1817
public
Museum of the History of Riga and
Navigation
❏ The oldest in Latvia & the whole of the Baltics, and one
of the oldest in Europe,situated in Old Riga.
❏ Rem arkable architectural m onum ent of the 13th– 20th
centuries – the ensem ble of the Riga Dom .
❏ Collection originated from an art and natural sciences
collection of Nikolaus von Him sel (1729– 1764), a Riga
doctor.[ num ber m ore than 500 000 item s,
system atised in about 80 collections.]
1773 Riga
Town
Council

17. Patronage given to
museum/organization
behind it.
Fatema

18. There isn't a trust or an organisation behind the patronage given to museums.
Usually, it’s an individual or a company sponsoring the museums and in return
they receive prominent recognition and a host of benefits. Depending on the level
of patronage/sponsorship, these may include:
● Prominent acknowledgment and logo recognition, including the donor wall, invitations,
companion books, press releases, the Museum’s website, and e-mailings.
● Complimentary, curator-led tours for VIPs and special guests.
● Opportunity to host private receptions in the Museum’s magnificent landmark building.
● Invitations to exhibition opening receptions, press previews, and other special events.

19. List of 10
Museums
Abdul

20. 1. THE LOUVRE, PARIS
There are always long lines at the door,
but it's worth the wait to see the world's
greatest and most famous museum.
Leonardo DaVinci's Mona Lisa is the
star, but there are literally thousands of
other treasures of human civilization,
from Egypt, Asia, ancient Greece and
Rome.

21. 2. THE HERMITAGE, ST. PETERSBURG
This gigantic museum has the world's
largest collection of paintings. It's a
stunning place, covering the history of
the world from the Stone Age to present
times, and especially impressive are the
Golden Rooms with their golden gems.

22. 3. THE BRITISH MUSEUM, LONDON
This museum has millions of works of art
from all over the world. Its galleries are
devoted to Egypt, Greece, Roman
civilization, Asia, Africa, and medieval
Europe, tracing human history and culture.
The highlight is the Elgin Marbles that once
decorated the Parthenon in Athens.

23. 4. THE EGYPTIAN MUSEUM, CAIRO
Here you'll find the most complete collection
of Egyptian art in the world. Among the
thousands of treasures (which includes the
popular Mummy Room) are the famous
artifacts from Tutankhamun's tomb.

24. 5. UFFIZI GALLERY, FLORENCE
This 16th-century palace holds hundreds of
masterpieces, including marvelous
Renaissance sculptures and Botticelli's
famous Birth of Venus, among other much-
recognized masterworks of the Renaissance.

25. 6. THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART, NEW
YORK
A truly outstanding museum, with
everything from Islamic, Egyptian, Greek,
and Indian art, to European paintings. It
holds over 2 million pieces from around the
world, from pre-history to the 21st century.

26. 7. MOMA - MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, NEW YORK
This is the most important modern art
museum in the world. It covers the late
19th century to the present day, with
highlights including Picasso's Demoiselles
d'Avignon or Van Gogh's Starry night.

27. 8. THE VATICAN MUSEUMS, ROME/VATICAN CITY
It's a series of exhibition spaces filled with
priceless treasures that blow visitors away by
their grandeur and beauty. The highlight is
Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel.

28. 9. PRADO, MADRID
This treasure trove includes sculptures and
drawings, but the strongest collection is,
naturally, of Spanish masterpieces by Goya,
El Greco and Velazquez (whose Las
Meninas is the best-known piece of the
museum).

29. 10. NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM,
ATHENS
This is the place to admire the masterpieces
of ancient Greece. Its unrivaled collection
includes a bronze Artemision Podeidon
from the 5th century B.C.

30. What makes a
good
museum?
Dhruv

31. ★ The museum owns, exhibits, or uses collections that are appropriate to its mission.
★ The museum legally, ethically, and effectively manages, documents, cares for, and uses the collections.
★ The museum’s collections-related research is conducted according to appropriate scholarly standards.
★ The museum strategically plans for the use and development of its collections.
★ Guided by its mission, the museum provides public access to its collections while ensuring their
preservation.

32. ❏ Museum has to be prepared to take
some risks, to remain intellectually
(and physically) accessible while
challenging its audiences. It should
present different views and ideas and
avoid neutrality, or rather, refrain from
perpetuating the myth that the museum
(and knowledge) is objective
A museum should have a clear identity; it should have an environmental conscience and a
commitment to sustainability; it should be innovative and involved with its local community.

33. Organization
body
Ronak

34. ★ The backbone and organizational structure of
modern museums in the 21st century has to be
a thoroughly trained staff capable of meeting
various kinds of challenges. Above all they
have to be able to straddle demands made upon
museums to perform in various ways to meet
expectations and ethical codes.

35. Head
Director
Board Of Trustees
Mission
Funding
Strategic And External Partners

36. Director
The tasks of the director include aside from personnel and organisational responsibilities for the
museum Folkwang and the additional German Poster Museum as well
❖ further development of the collection – especially with regards to art after 1945 and
completion of the classical modern,
❖ conceptualization of exhibition activities and active communication / PR work, in particular
in the field of contemporary art,
❖ cooperation with the museum’s association, the art circle Folkwang as well as with further
partners and promoters of the museum.

37. The board of trustees:
➔ manage the Foundation's grant program;
➔ identify opportunities for extending the Foundation's mission through the
development of new programs and initiatives
➔ oversee the Foundation's public programs
➔ manage the Foundation's staff
➔ provide stewardship for the Foundation's landmark Madlener House.
Curator:
Curatorial Assistant provide support to senior curatorial staff for ongoing
exhibitions and collection-related projects, under direct supervision of
Associate Curator.

38. Case study
LOUVRE
MUSEUM
Abdul

39. Louvre, in full Louvre Museum or
French Musée du Louvre, official name
Great Louvre or French Grand Louvre,
national museum and art gallery of
France, housed in part of a large palace
in Paris that was built on the right-
bank site of the 12th-century fortress of
Philip Augustus. It is the world’s most-
visited art museum, with a collection
that spans work from ancient
civilizations to the mid-19th century.

40. History Of The Building
In 1546 Francis I, who was a great art collector, had
this old castle razed and began to build on its site
another royal residence, the Louvre, which was added
to by almost every subsequent French monarch.
The Louvre ceased to be a royal residence when Louis
XIV moved his court to Versailles in 1682. The idea of
using the Louvre as a public museum originated in the
18th century.
The completed Louvre was a vast complex of
buildings forming two main quadrilaterals and
enclosing two large courtyards.

43. The Architecture
As Pei’s design was selected as a result of an
international competition, it can be assumed that the
functional part of I. M. Pei’s proposal, providing a
central entry in the open foreground (a place which used
for parking anyway) and short-circuiting the long
treacherous journey through the long passages was
considered the most appropriate solution. It dealt with
the problem without disturbing the visual character of
the place, and was the most sensitive design in this
respect

44. Pei also used to his advantage the fact that the
palace had functioning basements, and preferred to
place all of his new accesses and foyers (including
the beautiful 20th century spiral staircase & the
unique lift) entirely below the main courtyard. All
the accesses are thus beautifully organized, with
not a single disturbance to the scene above, except
the glass pyramids as roof of the entrance foyer.

45. New Locations In The 21st Century
❖ In 2012 a satellite location of the Louvre in the northern French town of Lens
opened to the public.
❖ The museum, designed by the Japanese architects Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue
Nishizawa, was intended to boost the economy of the region and to alleviate crowds
at the Paris site.
❖ Five years later, after nearly a decade of delays, the Louvre Abu Dhabi opened in a
building designed by French architect Jean Nouvel on Saadiyat Island, the emirate’s
planned cultural hub.
❖ The new institution was the result of a controversial agreement between the
governments of France and the United Arab Emirates, wherein the Louvre leased its
name, parts of its collection, and its expertise to the nascent museum for a period of
30 years.

46. Jean Nouvel: Louvre Abu Dhabi

47. ❏ M. Pei’s reorganisation of the layout and addition of the Pyramid is a successful
intervention.
❏ It shows sensitivity-no conflict between the new work & the existing monument
❏ It is a celebration of the principles of modern architecture
❏ Social acceptance of intervention-Pyramid itself a popular work in the Louvre after Mona
Lisa and the Venus de Milo statue and more than two-thirds of visitors insist on entering
through the pyramid, avoiding other two less-crowded entrances.
The success of design resulting in growing number of tourists is a new problem, as
projected visitors 9 millions after 2010, and we may need another intervention (with an idea
as controversial and as successful as the glass pyramids.

48. Challenges
Faced By
Museums
Fatema

49. Some of the major challenges faced by the Museums of the world
are as follows:-
● Museums Must Stay Relevant
Museums are barometers of social and cultural change. Particularly in response to the
COVID-19 pandemic, the future role of museums in local and global cultural contexts
are being radically re-shaped. To survive and thrive, museums must adapt to meet the
needs of their audiences while not losing sight of their missions.
● Audience Expectation
The wide availability of in-depth information and media has created a generation of
museum visitors that craves sophisticated new experiences and ideas. Museums
increasingly face the challenge of maintaining scholarly and professional standards
while also being compelling and entertaining enough to compete with their audience’s
other numerous leisure time options.

50. ● Engaging Interpretation
The globalization of culture and the immediacy of social media and electronic communications
have significantly advanced the way museums present their subject matter for their audiences.
Evolving exhibition techniques allow adapting museums to present multiple viewpoints and to
educate and challenge visitors as never before.
● Issue of maintenance of collection
One of the major challenge museums face is the maintenance of artefacts owned by them.
Maintenance also depends on the financial supports and engagement of well trained staff. The
level of challenges will change along with the type of museum one is dealing with.
● Storage
Museums are having to fight for their storage space due to the perception that museums don't
need it because they display their collections. This, of course adds to the difficulties mentioned
above about preserving the collections since it is precisely when its on display that it is most
vulnerable to damage

51. CONCLUSION
This project allowed us to get an insight upon the topic
museum. This topic is very vast and hence several
slides can be made if tried to go in detail.
However our project on museum made us understand
the diversity,classification,challenges,case
study,organisational body, and the ideal good museum
criterias.

52. References
● http://uis.unesco.org/en/glossary-term/museum
● http://www.historyofmuseums.com/museum-facts/types-of-museum/
● https://www.britannica.com/topic/museum-cultural-institution
● https://assets.noviams.com/novi-file-uploads/vam/PDFs/Types_of_Museums.pdf
● https://www.tiqets.com/blog/oldest-museums-in-the-world/#4)_The_Ashmolean_Museum,_UK
● http://museums.eu/highlight/details/105317/the-worlds-oldest-
museums#:~:text=The%20world's%20oldest%20museum%20was%20built%20by%20a%20Babylonian%2
0princess,rooms%20or%20cabinets%20of%20curiosities.
● https://www.ashmolean.org/article/the-story-of-the-worlds-first-public-museum
● https://www.britannica.com/topic/museum-cultural-institution/Art-museums
● https://www.britannica.com/topic/Louvre-Museum
● https://www.ucityguides.com/cities/top-10-museums-of-the-world.html
● https://www.academia.edu/5448827/Architectural_Intervantion_A_Case_study_of_Louvre_Museum
● https://www.vernerjohnson.com/approach/

53. Avantika 04
Ab d ul 14
Fatema 55
Dhruv 15
Ronak 28