idealism

2. ,etc

4. Ideas are the only true
reality,the only thing worth
knowing.

6.  Idealism is born out of Plato’s” Theory of Ideas.”
 Idealism recognizes ideas ,feelings and ideals are
more important than material objects.
 and at the same time emphasizes that human
development should be according to
moral, ethical and spiritual values so that acquires
knowledge of unity in diversity.

7. DEFENITION OF IDEALISM

8. “Idealism holds that ultimate reality is
spiritualism”
D.M.Dutta
“ Idealistic philosophy takes many and varied
forms, but the postulate underlying all this is that
mind or spirit is essential world stuff , that the true
reality is of a mental character. “
-J.S.Ross

9. Fundamental principles of
Idealism

10. (1)Two forms of the whole world
 Idealism believes in two forms of the world spiritual
world and material world.
 Idealists give more importance to spiritual world in
comparison to the material world
 They believe that spiritual world is real and ultimate
truth whereas the material world is transitory and mortal.
 To know the reality of the spiritual world is to know the
reality of mind and soul . Self realization is the main aim of
human life.

11. 2)Ideas are more important than object
 According to Idealists, knowledge of mind and
soul can be obtained through ideas only.
Hence , they have given more importance to
ideas over the objects and material things.

12. 3)Importance of man over nature
To Idealism man is more important than material
nature.
It is because man can think and experience about
material object and material phenomenon.
He creates his own world of virtue and his
creativity achieves higher and higher level of art in
many area

13. 4)Faith in spiritual value
According to idealists , the prime aim of life is to
achieve spiritual value.
They are –Truth, Beauty and Goodness. These
spiritual values are undying and permanent.
For the achievement of these spiritual value all
the capacities of man are to be harnessed to the
full.
These capacities are-knowing ,feeling and willing.

14. 5)Importance of personality development
Idealist give much importance to the self of the individual.
Hence they insist upon the fullest development of the
personality of the individual.
This is self realization in the true sense of the term.
Hence development of social qualities is essential for self
realization as it expresses itself in the form of love
,sympathy, fellow-feeling and co-operation for the good of
all
and no discrimination among human being on any basis of
caste, creed,sex,race or status etc.

15. TYPE OF IDEALISM

16. SUBJECTIVE IDEALISM
• It give more important to mind or spirit and their
perceptions or ideas
• The type of idealism also called mentalism and
phenomenalism
• The chief exponents are George Berkely ,John
Locke etc

17. OBJECTIVE IBEALISM
 This type of idealism gave more importance to
nature of universe
 They mean the universe is one
 According to them nature existed before me the
individual itself ,and will exist after me ,nature also
existed before the present community of selves.
 The chief exponents are Plato,Hegel,etc

18. PERSONAL IDEALISM
 The give more importance to person or self
 It emphasizes the reality and worthy of the
individual people, moral values and human
freedom
 Chief exponents are Rudolf Herman Ltze
,Boden ,etc

19. Chief Exponents of Idealism

24. Idealism and aim of education

25. •Self realization
 First aim of education
according to is to develop the self
of the individual higher and higher still self realization
achieved.
 In the word of J.S.Ross
“the aim of education specially associated with Idealism
is the exhalation of personality ,or self realization,
the making actual or real the highest potentialities of
self”

26. •To ensure the spiritual development
 Idealist give greater importance to spiritual value in
comparison with material attainment.
 The second aim of education is to develop the child
mentally, morally and above all spiritually.
 Thus teacher should so organize education as to
develop the child spiritually

27. •To cultivate Truth,Beauty ,Goodness
 Truth, beauty and goodness should be
encouragedmore and more .
 The more an individual realizes these ideals ,
the more spiritually developed he will become

28. •Conservation,promotion and
transmission of cultural heritage
 Mental and intellectual capacities develop
cultural,social,and artistic values in human life in all its
aspects.
 Thus ,the fourth aim of education according to Idealism
is to acquaint the child with the cultural heritage so that
he conserves,promotes and transmits it to the rising
generation

29. Idealism and
curriculum

30. Since the aim education according to idealism is the
emergence of an ideal man,the curriculum should
enable man to develop fully.
 Any subject which creates an ideal or spiritual self
is most welcome to an idealist.
 Education must provide each child with vivid
acquaintance with created order of God,human
history as well as the cultural and spiritual heritage.

31. Methods of teaching
 Methods which encourage reasoning that involves
intuitive and reflective thinking get priority.
 In addition to lecture method ,discussion
method,Socratic method or any other method that
encourages mental exercise and develops mental
faculties are recommended by idealist.

32. Discipline
 The theory of discipline of the idealists is based on their
concept of freedom.
 Idealist like to give freedom to children,but that will be a
qualified freedom.
 It should be for activity.
 Freedom does not mean license.
It implies responsibility and should be the result of
discipline.
 Therefore ,wise direction, judicious control and
stimulating
 guidance of the teacher are necessary.
Their emphasis is on self discipline

33. Idealism and teacher
 An idealist teacher is imbued fully with high
degree of self knowledge, self dynamism and
essential qualities of spiritualism.
 By his own model of life,he tries to shape the
individuality of the child to a life of purit,virtue and great
achievement.
 He creates a wholesome conductive atmosphere by his own
activities and planned experiences for the child.
 He guides the child with such genuine love,affection
and sympathy that he attain his full mental and spiritual
development

34. Idealism and school
 School is a place where the capacities of
logical thinking,reasoning and evaluating of the
child are progressively sublimated
 and developed by teachers and the school
environment into desirable channels so that high
spiritual ideals and values are gained.
 Such noble mission ,according to Idealism,
may be achieved through proper guidance of
teacher gives in school.
 Hence ,Idealists consider school and its
impressionistic environment as greatly essential.

35. MERITS OF IDEALIST PHILOSOPHY

36. •Idealistic education emphasizes the inculcation of highest
values namely
Truth,Beauty and Goodness.This will lead to the
development of a moral character of child.
• Idealist education aim at self realization of all individuals
by one’s own effort. Hence,it promote universal education.
• In the process of idealistic education ,the teacher is
assigned a very important role. The teacher influences the
child by his high ideals of life .This achieves the fullest
development of child’s personality.
• Idealism emphasizes the principle of self disciplie .This
principle leads to the development of the self of an
individual.
• Because of Idealistic philosophy and education,the
school has grow into an important social organization

37. Weaknesses and limitation of idealism

38. •Idealistic scheme of education pay less attention to the highly
technological environment of the present.
• Idealism is concerned with the ultimate end of life.It avoids the real
problems day to day livings.Education should be such as to make
individuals capable to solve the problems that confront them from
time to time and are able to lead a happy and contented life.
• Idealistic education give more importance to teacher in relation to
the child.Modern psychology emphasizes the prime and central
importance of child.
• Idealistic method of teaching emphasizes cramming and rote
memory .In modern education ,these method are given little
importane.