internet of things

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Internet of things
A presentation by
Ashwanpreet singh

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contents
• Introduction to internet of things(IOT).
• Internet of things(IOT) in detail.
• Application of internet of things(IOT).
• Challenges and barriers to IOT.
• Q&A.

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Introduction to internet of
things(IOT)

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what is internet of things?
Simply put, this is the concept of
basically connecting any device
with an on and off switch to the
Internet (and/or to each other).
This includes everything from
cellphones, coffee makers,
washing machines, headphones,
lamps, wearable devices and
almost anything else you can
think of

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• Internet of Things represents a general concept for the
ability of network devices to sense and collect data from
the world around us, and then share that data across the
Internet where it can be processed and utilized for
various interesting purposes

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• All kinds of ordinary household gadgets can be modified
to work in an IoT system. Wi-Fi network adapters, motion
sensors, cameras, microphones and other
instrumentation can be embedded in these devices to
enable them for work in the Internet of Things. Home
automation systems already implement primitive
versions of this concept for things like light bulbs, plus
other devices like wireless scales and wireless blood
pressure monitors that each represent early examples of
IoT gadgets. Wearable computing devices like watches
and glasses are also envisioned to be key components
in future IoT systems.

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IOT in detail

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Definition
• The internet of things (IoT) is the internetworking of
physical devices, vehicles (also referred to as
"connected devices" and "smart devices"), buildings
and other items—
embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators,
and network connectivity that enable these objects to
collect and exchange data
• Devices are communicating with internet as well as other
devices of same or different type. for example:
temperature control unit control temperature and also
advice humidifier.

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• The term internet of things was first used by Kevin
ashton in 1999

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How Iot works?

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• Sensors & Sensor technology – They will sniff a wide
variety of information ranging from Location,
Weather/Environment conditions, Grid parameters,
Movement on assembly lines, Jet engine maintenance
data to Health essentials of a patient
• IoT Gateways – IoT Gateways, as the name rightly
suggests, are the gateways to internet for all the
things/devices that we want to interact with. Gateways
help to bridge the internal network of sensor nodes with
the external Internet or World Wide Web. They do this by
collecting the data from sensor nodes & transmitting it to
the internet infrastructure.

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• Cloud/server infrastructure & Big Data – The data
transmitted through gateway is stored & processed
securely within the cloud infrastructure using Big Data
analytics engine. This processed data is then used to
perform intelligent actions that make all our devices
‘Smart Devices’!
• End-user Mobile apps – The intuitive mobile apps will
help end users to control & monitor their devices
(ranging from room thermostat to jet engines & assembly
lines) from remote locations. These apps push the
important information on your hand-held devices & help
to send commands to your Smart Devices!
• IPv6 – IP addresses are the backbone to the entire IoT
ecosystem. With IPv4 we were running out of IP
addresses, but with IPv6 (launched in 2012) we now
have 3.4*10^38 IP addresses!

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Applications of IOt

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Smart farming
• Sensor-based field and resource mapping
• Remote crop monitoring
• Remote equipment monitoring
• Predictive analytics for crops and livestock
• Stats on livestock feeding and produce

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More Iot devices
Hapifork is the
electronic fork that let
you monitor your
eating habits. It also
alert you with help of a
blinking light if you are
eating too fast.

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Amazon Echo: An Intelligent Speaker That
Listens to Your Commands
It is a speaker that has a voice assistant
built in. If you ask it a question its got an
answer. If you tell it to do stuff, it complies.
If you're not near the speaker, you can also
access it using an app for Android and Fire
OS as well as through web browsers on
iOS.

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Challenges and barriers to IOT
• Security
IoT devices tend to be relatively basic. That’s fine if they
exist in isolation. But since they’re connected to the
internet, hackers have easy access to exploit weak
defenses.
Case in point: A recent survey by online authentication
provider Auth0 found that 85% of IoT developers admitted
to being pressured to get a product to market before
adequate security could be implemented.

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• Privacy
data privacy remains a potential concern for the IoT. And
because IoT devices can potentially harvest enormous
amounts of data, security breaches can be especially
dangerous.
Privacy risks will arise as the objects within the IoT collect
and aggregate fragments of data that relate to their service.
The collation of multiple points of data can swiftly become
personal information as events are reviewed in the context
of location, time, recurrence, etc. The regular purchase of
different food types, for example, may divulge religion
or ongoing health concerns. This is one aspect of the big
data challenge, and security professionals will need to
ensure that they think through the potential privacy risks
associated with the entire data set.

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• High cost of implementation
Many companies have relied on the approach of designing
IoT devices with a centralized cloud-based business model.
This method can lead to years or even decades of expense
without revenue.
• Interoperability
in relation to other IoT barriers, connectivity is a relatively
easy problem to solve. All it takes is money and time to add
more network capacity. Unfortunately, the same can’t be
said about getting billions of different types of devices to
communicate with each other seamlessly.

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• Electricity
While those barriers above are all significant, they mean
nothing without reliable electricity to power the 500 billion
IoT devices. to support IoT you need two functions, you
need internet connectivity and you need power.
So what’s the answer? Batteries?
Forget it. So the prospect of regularly changing batteries on
billions of devices is daunting and highly impractical as a
permanent solution, to say the least.

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Q&A

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• Reference
www.techhow.com
www.wsj.com
www.hufingtonpost.com
www.IOT.com
Getting started with internet of things by cuno pfister
The second machine age by ERIK BRYNJOLFSSON &
ANDREW MCAFEE

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Thank you

internet of things

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