ACTIVITY 1 Chosen Research Design: Qualitative Why do you think this design is appropriate to your research interest? Based on my understanding of qualitative research, I believe it can be appropriate for certain types of research questions. In my view, qualitative research is particularly useful for exploring complex phenomena, gaining insights into people's experiences and perspectives, and developing theory. I also recognize that it can be valuable in applied settings, such as healthcare or social work, where understanding people's experiences is crucial for improving practice. Guide Questions 1. Did you remember the research design listed in the table? YES, I have remembered all the research design listed in the table. 2. What other research designs did you recall which is/ are not listed in the table? Longitudinal Study Cross-sectional Study Survey Research Action Research Participatory Action Research Grounded Theory Ethnographic Research 3. Was it easy or hard to determine the research design to be used in your selected topic or interest? For me, it is easy because in the first place I already have an idea where to start. I believe when you select a topic, you already considered what design you will use. 4. What are the factors that you consider in selecting a research design for your study? As a researcher, I must consider various factors when selecting a qualitative research design for my study. These include the research question, the purpose of the study, the nature of the phenomenon being studied, and the available resources and time frame. Additionally, I must reflect on my own philosophical and theoretical perspectives to ensure that the chosen design aligns with my worldview and research goals. Reflection How does research design make your study colorful/ interesting? As a researcher, I have come to appreciate how qualitative research design can add color and interest to a study. By using methods such as open-ended interviews, observations, and document analysis, I can capture the rich and complex experiences, perspectives, and contexts of the participants. This type of research allows me to delve deeper into the phenomenon being studied and gain a more nuanced understanding of it. One of the benefits of using qualitative research is the ability to create vivid descriptions, quotes, and narratives that add depth and meaning to the study. It's fascinating to see how the data can come to life and offer a unique perspective on the topic. Additionally, I've found that unexpected findings often emerge during qualitative research, which can add to the intrigue and interest of the study. Overall, I believe that qualitative research design offers a powerful way to explore the intricacies and nuances of human experience. It enables me to create a study that is more compelling and engaging, as well as provides insights that cannot be obtained through other research methods. ACTIVITY 2: TELL ME THE QUANTITY Directions: Read the qu

1. ACTIVITY 1
Chosen Research Design: Qualitative
Why do you think this design is appropriate to your research interest?
Based on my understanding of qualitative research, I believe it can be appropriate for certain types of
research questions. In my view, qualitative research is particularly useful for exploring complex
phenomena, gaining insights into people's experiences and perspectives, and developing theory. I also
recognize that it can be valuable in applied settings, such as healthcare or social work, where
understanding people's experiences is crucial for improving practice.
Guide Questions
1. Did you remember the research design listed in the table?
YES, I have remembered all the research design listed in the table.
2. What other research designs did you recall which is/ are not listed in the table?
Longitudinal Study
Cross-sectional Study
Survey Research
Action Research
Participatory Action Research
Grounded Theory
Ethnographic Research
3. Was it easy or hard to determine the research design to be used in your selected topic or interest?
For me, it is easy because in the first place I already have an idea where to start. I believe when
you select a topic, you already considered what design you will use.
4. What are the factors that you consider in selecting a research design for your study?
As a researcher, I must consider various factors when selecting a qualitative research design for
my study. These include the research question, the purpose of the study, the nature of the
phenomenon being studied, and the available resources and time frame. Additionally, I must
reflect on my own philosophical and theoretical perspectives to ensure that the chosen design
aligns with my worldview and research goals.

2. Reflection
How does research design make your study colorful/ interesting?
As a researcher, I have come to appreciate how qualitative research design can add color and interest
to a study. By using methods such as open-ended interviews, observations, and document analysis, I
can capture the rich and complex experiences, perspectives, and contexts of the participants. This type
of research allows me to delve deeper into the phenomenon being studied and gain a more nuanced
understanding of it.
One of the benefits of using qualitative research is the ability to create vivid descriptions, quotes, and
narratives that add depth and meaning to the study. It's fascinating to see how the data can come to
life and offer a unique perspective on the topic. Additionally, I've found that unexpected findings often
emerge during qualitative research, which can add to the intrigue and interest of the study.
Overall, I believe that qualitative research design offers a powerful way to explore the intricacies and
nuances of human experience. It enables me to create a study that is more compelling and engaging, as
well as provides insights that cannot be obtained through other research methods.
ACTIVITY 2: TELL ME THE QUANTITY
Directions: Read the questions below and answer. This will help you construct the Quantitative Research
Design in your topic of interest.
Approved Statement of the Problem
Research hypothesis:
Are your research questions and hypotheses manipulating variables (ex. treatment/control, the
introduction of intervention) or working with variables as they occur naturally in the environment (e.g.
gender)? Are you comparing, considering cause/effect, or predicting? Based on your responses, what type
of design is appropriate?
What data collection methods will you use? (Surveys, other data files) Where and how will data be
obtained and from whom?
What are the strengths/weaknesses of the data collection method(s) selected?
Summarize your answers to the questions above

3. Guide Questions
1. What makes a research design quantitative?
A research design is considered quantitative when it involves the collection and analysis of
numerical data. This type of design typically involves a structured approach to data collection,
often through surveys, experiments, or observational studies. The data is then analyzed using
statistical methods to identify patterns or relationships between variables.
2. Do you think the methodology in the research design is specific and attainable?
Yes, however, the specificity and attainability of a research design methodology will depend on
a variety of factors, including the research question, the available resources, and the feasibility
of data collection methods. It is important for the researcher to carefully consider these factors
when designing the study to ensure that the methodology is both specific and achievable.
3. What is the step-by-step procedure the researcher should take in order to implement the research
design effectively?
The step-by-step procedure for implementing a research design will depend on the specific
methodology being used. Generally, the researcher will need to identify the research question,
design the study, collect the data, analyze the data, and draw conclusions based on the results.
It is important for the researcher to carefully document each step of the process to ensure
accuracy and reproducibility.
Reflection
What are the considerations in writing a good research design for your study?
Considerations in writing a good research design for a study include clearly defining the research
question, selecting appropriate data collection methods, identifying potential biases, and ensuring that
the sample size is sufficient for the research question being asked. Additionally, the researcher should
carefully consider the ethical implications of the study and ensure that all data collection methods are
conducted in a way that respects the rights and privacy of study participants.

4. Activity 3: Population Versus Sample
Directions: Read the following situations in the box then identify the respondents'
A survey of 1353 Philippine households found that 18% of the households own a computer.
Population: All Philippine households
Sample: 1353 Philippine households surveyed
A recent survey of 2625 public elementary school children found that 28% of the children could be
classified obese.
Population: All public elementary school children
Sample: 2625 public elementary school children surveyed
The average weight of every sixth person entering the mall within 3-hour period was 146 lb.
Population: All people entering the mall within a 3-hour period
Sample: Every sixth person entering the mall within a 3-hour period
Guide Questions
1. What is a population and a sample?
In research, a population refers to the entire group of individuals, objects, or events that share
a common characteristic of interest to the researcher. A sample, on the other hand, is a subset
or smaller group of the population that is selected to represent the larger group. The goal of
sampling is to obtain a representative sample that accurately reflects the characteristics of the
larger population.
2. How do we determine population and sample of the study?
To establish the population and sample of a study, the researcher should define the research
question and identify the relevant characteristics of interest. The population should then be
defined as the collection of individuals, objects, or events that exhibit these characteristics, and
the sample should be selected from this population using a representative sampling technique.
3. Why do you think most of the research study uses sample instead of population?
Due to the impracticality or impossibility of studying the entire population, most research
studies utilize a sample instead. This method allows for more efficient and cost-effective data
collection while maintaining generalizability to the larger population. Furthermore, utilizing a
sample reduces potential biases that may arise from studying the entire population.

5. Reflection
Why is sampling important in research?
Sampling is a crucial aspect of research with several benefits. Notably, it provides an efficient and cost-
effective method of data collection compared to studying the entire population. Additionally, sampling
minimizes potential biases that could be introduced by studying the entire population. Moreover,
researchers can draw statistical inferences about the population from the sample's characteristics.
Finally, sampling allows researchers to test hypotheses and make reliable generalizations about the
population, advancing scientific knowledge. In essence, through representative data collection and
valid inferences, sampling is an essential component of research.
ACTIVITY 4: RESEARCH POPULATION
Directions: Read the questions below carefully and answer. Make it sure that your responses are based
on the number of respondents needed in the study.
Who are the target respondents of the study?
How many are they in terms of population?
Do you plan to select only the sample that will represent the population?
How many sample respondents do you need in the study?
Is the number of samples identified through Slovin's Formula?
Is there a computer application/ software that helps you in determining the number of respondents in
the study?
What is/are the limitations in terms of the characteristics of the respondents in the study?
Give your summarized answer in paragraph form below:

6. Activity 5: Tell Me What's Right
Directions: Below is an identification type of activity that your group will answer. Select the appropriate
Sampling Techniqueto be used based from the situation enumerated. Write the letter of your answer in
the space provided before each number.
1. Mr. Santos selects every other row in the auditorium to participate in a survey about school
attendance
D. Systematic Sampling
2. Mr. Forteza writes the name of each of her first period students on a separate card, shuffles the
cards, and then draws out five names of students she plans to fail this semester.
G. Subjective Sampling
3. Mr. Ching goes online and decides to sign up to participate in Teachers' magazine online survey.
F. Voluntary Response
4. A market researcher for the Ford Motor Co. interviews all the drivers in 2 out of 4 randomly
selected high schools in our country.
A. Random Sampling
5. Mrs. Sublay assigns 6 students each a different number between 1 and 6. She then rolls a dice once to
determine who will get to participate.
E. Convenience Sampling
6. Mr. Taip divides his class into 2 groups, girls and boys. Then he selects 3 from her survey regarding
students body odor.
B. Stratified Sampling
7. Mr. Gecolea a researcher from LCBA selects 7 random schools in Calamba City each group to test his
new homework method.
C. Clustered Sampling
8. A SHS student interviews 50 random students from each of the 4 public high schools in Calamba City
and then interviews all the Public Secondary School teachers in each.
A. Random Sampling
9. Mrs. Hizon asked students to raise their hands if they would like to participate in her survey regarding
students body odor.
E. Convenience Sampling
10. Mrs. Miranda owns a tattoo shop and decides to survey the first 20 customers who show up for an
appointment on Saturday.
E. Convenience Sampling

7. Guide Questions
1. Did the activity help you recall the different sampling techniques used in selecting the respondents?
Yes, while answering this activity, I have recall the different sampling techniques. The activity did
present an example of different sampling methods, which can help me in my quest as a researcher who
is new to this field.
2. Is there any other sampling techniques which are not mentioned in the activity that you would like to
use in the conduct of your study?
No. I have decided to use the sampling techniques presented in the activity because that is where I am
familiar with already. All of these techniques may be suitable depending on my research questions,
available resources, and the characteristics of the population I chose.
3. Which of the sampling technique is best to use?
I have learned that each sampling technique has its own strengths and weaknesses, and selecting the
most appropriate approach depends on the research objective and characteristics of the population. I
have found that probability sampling techniques are generally preferred because they allow me to
calculate sampling error and increase the likelihood of representativeness. However, I also recognize
that non-probability sampling methods can be useful in situations where population definition and
access are difficult or when time and resources are limited. Ultimately, I understand that choosing a
sampling method should be a thoughtful process and based on the specific requirements and limitations
of the study.
4. Can we mix 2 or more sampling techniques to effectively select the best respondents of the study?
Briefly explain.
As a researcher, I understand that I have the option to combine various sampling techniques to identify
the most appropriate participants for my study. This approach, known as mixed sampling, empowers
me to capitalize on the unique benefits of different sampling methods to enhance the overall quality of
the sample. For example, I may choose to use stratified random sampling to ensure equal
representation of different subgroups within the population and then apply purposive sampling to
target specific individuals within each stratum. Through the use of mixed sampling, I can tailor my
sampling strategy to meet the specific needs of my research questions and population traits, resulting
in a more comprehensive and insightful study.

8. Reflections
Is there a best sampling technique to be used in selecting the research population?
As a researcher, I understand that each research context is distinct, and there is no single "best"
sampling technique that fits all situations. To ensure the validity and generalizability of my research
findings, I must carefully consider various factors, such as research questions, population characteristics,
available resources, and ethical considerations when selecting a sampling method. Choosing the
appropriate sampling technique can significantly impact the success of my research project and is a
critical aspect of the research process. Therefore, I understand the importance of having a well-thought-
out sampling strategy to increase the reliability and robustness of my research conclusions.