1. INTRODUCTION TO THE INTERNET
Briefly describe the history of the Internet
Explain what is needed to get on the Internet
Describe generally what an Internet Service Provider
does
Describe the function of a browser
Describe how to search the Internet
List and describe the non- web services of the Internet

2. INTERNET????
 A global network connecting millions of
computers

3.  J.C.R, Licklider of MIT – first proposed a global
network of computers in 1962.
 Leonard Kleinrock of MIT & later UCLA developed
theory of packet switching (basic internet
connections)
 Ray Tomlinson – e-mail
HISTORY OF INTERNET

4.  The Internet exploded into the public
consciousness in the mid 1990s
 Approximately the Internet grew from 72
million in 2000 to 162 million in 2002
 E-commerce is growing rapidly.
 Tim Berners-Lee is arguably the pivotal figure
in the surging popularity of the Internet
THE INTERNET AS PHENOMENON

5. GETTING START
The Internet Service Provider and the Browser
 An internet user needs
• a computer
• a modem (dial-up, cable or DSL)
• a network connection
• the related software
• an Internet Service Provider (ISP)
• Browser
 An ISP provides the server computer and
software to connect to the Internet

6. The browser in action
 A browser is software used to explore the
Internet
 Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE)
 Others like Netscape, Opera and Mozilla are
available.

7. Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
 URL is the address window just below the
toolbar buttons will usually contain a Uniform
Resource Locator (URL) which is the unique
address of a web page or file on the Internet
http://www.intel.com/pressroom/index.asp
Protocol Host computer
address (Domain)
path, directory, file name

8. HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)
 communicating by using links
– the clickable text or image that transport a user to the
desired web site
 Domain name
- the address of the site’s host computer.
- “com” called top-level domain and represents the
purpose of organization or entity.
 “com” – commercial
 “edu” – education
 “gov” – government
 “org” – organization
 “net” - networking center

9. Wireless Internet Access
 People using mobile handheld devices to access
the Internet
 Examples: text pagers, personal digital assistants
(PDAs), pocket computers and even web-enabled
cellular phones
 Many wireless access providers use the Wireless
Application Protocol (WAP) to convert web pages
into a format that is more compatible with the
limited capabilities of handheld devices

11. Search Engine
 A search engine is software, usually located at its own web
site, that lets a user specify search terms; the search engine
then finds sites that fit those terms
 A browser usually offers links to one or more search engines,
or a user can simply link to the site of a favorite search engine
 Example :
a. Yahoo
b. Altavista
c. About
d. AllTheWeb
e. Google
f. Lycos

13. A selection of Internet Search Tools
Directories
About
Human experts, called guides compile
directories organized around specific topics
Yahoo!
Well-organized categories let the user switch
from browsing to searching in a certain area;
but finds only keywords, not any word on a site.
AlltheWeb
Fast; supports a large number of languages; can
limit result to specific domains.
AltaVista
Very fast; indexes every word on every page of
every site; searches Usenet too; excellent for
custom searches.
Google
Result raked by algorithm based on number of
links from other pages.
HotBot
Fast; unique search options let you restrict
searches; very comprehensive; excels at finding
current news
Lycos
Numerous search options, a comprehensive
directory, and good returns on simple searches.

14. NON-WEB SERVICES OF THE INTERNET
1. Newsgroups
2. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
3. Telnet
4. E-mail

15. 1. Newsgroups
 Usenet – an informal network of computers
 Allows posting and reading of messages
 Typically focuses on specific topics
 Requires a newsreader
 Some are moderated
 Messages sent to a moderator, who determines
whether the message is appropriate
 Prevents users from attacking other members and
prevents inappropriate material from being posted

16. 2. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
 A protocol for transferring files among
computers.
 FTP servers maintain collections of
downloadable files
Downloading can often be done anonymously,
without logging in
 Many FTP servers can be accessed through Web
browser

17. 3. Telnet
 A protocol that allows remote users to log onto a
host computer.
 Users use their own PCs
 Users log in over the Internet
 Users’ experience is the same as if they were
sitting at the host computer’s local terminal
 Remote user typically has to have a user ID and
password

18. 4. E-mail
 The most commonly used feature of the Internet
 Network provides mail server :
 Collects and stores messages in mailbox
 E-mail address consists of user name, followed by @
symbol, then domain name of mail server
 E-mail client software on your computer
 Allows you to manage your e-mail messages
 Features
 Address books
 The ability to attach files
 Filters
 Direct incoming e-mail to specific folders
 Block spam