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Abraham maslow need theory
- 1. Abraham Maslow The Hierarchy of Needs Linda Zimmerman Professor of Student Development Oakton Community College
- 2. ABRAHAM MASLOW • was a leading humanistic psychologist (Third Force) • developed the Hierarchy of Needs • promoted the concept of self-actualization • was born in 1908, Brooklyn, New York
- 3. Maslow’s Early Life • was the eldest of seven siblings • was a poor student as an adolescent • was pressured by dad to become an attorney • took one law class, dropped out of college for one year • entered U of WI one year later to study scientific psychology
- 4. Maslow’s Professional Life • studied dominance in monkeys • received Ph.D. in experimental psychology in 1934 • was on the Brooklyn College faculty, 1937-1951 • was on the Brandeis U faculty, 1952-1969 • became a fellow of Laughlin Foundation in CA • died in 1970, age 62
- 6. Hierarchy of Needs Physiological Needs
- 7. Physiological Needs • food • water • air • sleep
- 8. Food: A Most Powerful Need • South American Rugby team crashed in 1970 • Food was the most pressing problem. • They ate human flesh for survival. • Even the strongest taboo was broken to fill the basic need for food.
- 9. Food: A Most Powerful Need • Ik tribe in Uganda forced to give up hunting and live on unfertile land • long standing social mores dissolve - people became psychopathic • “ngag”, word for food, also becomes word for good • parents steal food from children, children from other children
- 10. Physiological Needs Hierarchy of Needs Safety Needs
- 11. Safety Needs • from physical attack • from emotional attack • from fatal disease • from invasion • from extreme losses (job, family members, home, friends)
- 12. Safety: A Most Powerful Need • when frightened, our thoughts and energies are diverted • threat of, or actual attack creates “fight or flight” reaction • threats to safety can be physical or emotional
- 13. Physiological Needs Love & Belonging Needs Safety Needs Hierarchy of Needs
- 14. Love and Belonging (social/emotional) • Inclusion - part of a group: colleagues, peers, family, clubs • Affection - love and be loved • Control - influence over others and self
- 15. Love and Belonging: A Most Powerful Need
- 16. Esteem Needs Love & Belonging Needs Physiological Needs Safety Needs Hierarchy of Needs
- 17. Esteem Needs emotional (ego) • respect from others through: awards honors status • respect for self through: mastery achievement competence
- 18. Esteem from Self and Others: A Most Powerful Need Congratulations
- 19. Love & Belonging Needs Physiological Needs Safety Needs Esteem Needs Self-Actualization Needs Hierarchy of Needs D- Needs Deficit Survival B- Needs (being) Higher needs
- 20. Some Self-Actualizing People from History • Abraham Lincoln • Thomas Jefferson • Mahatma Gandhi • Albert Einstein • Eleanor Roosevelt • William James • Benedict Spinoza
- 21. Self-Actualization Needs • stop cruelty and exploitation • encourage talent in others • try to be a good human being • do work one considers worthwhile • enjoy taking on responsibilities • prefer intrinsic satisfaction • seek truth • give unselfish love • be just
- 22. B-Needs of the Self-Actualized • Truth • Goodness • Beauty • Unity • Aliveness • Uniqueness • Perfection and Necessity • Completion • Justice and order • Simplicity • Richness • Effortlessness • Playfulness • Self-sufficiency • Meaningfulness
- 23. Qualities of the Self-Actualized • An non-hostile sense of humor • Intimate personal relationships • Acceptance of self and others • Spontaneity and simplicity • Freshness of appreciation • More peak experiences • Democratic values • Independence