RFID (radio frequency identification) is a technology that uses radio waves to automatically identify objects. An RFID system consists of RFID tags and an RFID reader, where the tag transmits a radio signal containing identification data back to the reader when triggered by an electromagnetic interrogation pulse. RFID tags can be active (with a power source) or passive, and store more data than barcodes. While RFID provides advantages like improved security and tracking capabilities compared to barcodes, its use also raises privacy concerns from consumers. RFID has growing applications in areas like asset tracking, inventory management, and supply chain management.

1. RFID
RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION

2. INTRODUCTION
• Definition :
• Radio Frequency IDentification, a method for tracking goods by means of
tags which transmit a radio signal.
• Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to
automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID
system consists of a tiny radio transponder; a radio receiver and
transmitter. When triggered by an electromagnetic interrogation
pulse from a nearby RFID reader device, the tag transmits digital
data, usually an identifying inventory number, back to the reader.
This number can be used to track inventory goods.

3. History
• WWII Technology. World War II
is considered the first time
RFID-like technology was used.
• Third bullet point here
Class Group 1 Group 2
Class 1 82 95
Class 2 76 88
Class 3 84 90

4. Working
• The transponder or tag can be either
active of passive tag. It reacts to the
signals from the reader or writer or
interrogator which in turn conveys
signals to the computer.
• RFID Micro-Chip tags are basically
fabricated to function at certain
frequencies which are license free.
• Active RFID tags are available with
some extra features such as
microprocessors, serial ports &
sensors.

5. Growth in Use of this Technology
0
2
4
6
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

7. Advantages & Disadvantages
PROS.
• It is better than barcodes, as it cannot be
easily replicated, and therefore, increases
the security on a product.
• RFID tags are very easy to install/inject
inside the body of animals, thus helping to
keep a track on them.
• RFID tags are placed inside jewelry items in
stores, and an alarm is installed at the exit
doors.
• These tags can store data up to 2 KB,
whereas, a barcode has the ability to read
just 10 – 12 digits. This allows one to store
a more stronger encoded identification
series within it.
CONS.
• RFID proves to be too expensive for many
applications as compared to other tracking
and identification methods, such as the
simple barcode.
• It is difficult for an RFID reader to read the
information in case the tags are installed in
liquid or metal products.
• Interference has been observed to take
place in RFID systems, like near mobile
phone towers.
• RFID is considered by many to be an invasive
technology. Consumers tend to worry about
their privacy when they purchase products with
these tags, as there is a belief that once radio
chips are installed in a product, it continues to
track a person, and his personal information can
be collected by it and transmitted to the reader.

8. RFID Applications:
• Asset tracking
• Inventory management
• Controlling access to confined areas
• Personnel tracking
• Supply chain management
• ID badging
• Counterfeit forestalling (e.g., in the
pharmaceutical industry)
• Mandatory USE:
• FASTag
• Payment cards, student ID cards
and even Passports.
• Wireless sensors & mesh
networks.

9. Significance in the Future
• Along with wider adoption, new technologies will help make RFID more reliable
and cost-effective for a larger number of applications.
• Innovative Manufacturing Will Create Durable and Versatile Tags.
• Secure Your Data With New Cloud-Based Capabilities.
• The RFID industry is about to enter an exciting period in which increased
adoption will provide the means for technology providers to invest in new,
exciting innovations. Along with the new developments described above,
advancements in materials, organic polymers, nano technology, and other
areas will change the way RFID is incorporated into products. Instead of a tag
attached to a garment, for example, an RFID transponder could be printed
directly into cloth or packaging using biodegradable conductive inks.
• The future of RFID is here, so both end users and RFID manufacturers should
be prepared to leverage these new technologies and ready themselves for
more widespread use of RFID.