Anurag Tewari MD

ionm ssep evoked potentials emg emg recording anesthesia tcmep transcranial motor evoked potentials somatosensory evoked potentials sseps waveform analysis of emg neurophysiological monitoring eeg motor evoked potentials niom brainstem auditory evoked potentials intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring spine surgery lumbosacral surgery iom neurophysiology intra-operative eeg tof monitoring anaesthesia filters electroencephalography pedicle screw lumbar spine somatosensory alpha motor neuron acns guidelines wake-up test evoked potential neuronal intraoperative neuromonitoring general anesthesia flash stimulation visual vep visual evoked potentials cystic hygroma benign lymphangioendothelioma cystic lymphangioma cavernous lymphangioma lymphangioma simplex intubation fiberoptic glossoplasty enlarged tongue hemangioma hamartomatous tumors glossectomy airway management difficult airway tongue macroglossia lymphangioma seizure seizure detection stereotactic leksell stereotactic electroencephalography anesthetic goal seizure foci seeg refractory seizures epilepsy surgery foot drop scoliosis surgery spinal cord cnim exam cnim questions questions cnim patient safety electromyography communication adverse drug error errors in anaesthesia errors in anesthesia medical injury safety protocol adverse events syringe ampule swap wrong drug syringe swaps near miss medication error index medication error medical error drug error intravenous drug errors analog to digital artifact rejection high cut filter low cut filter roll off cut off frequency analog filter notch filter band pass filter high pass filter low pass filter smoothing signal averaging signal to noise ratio vertical resolution aliasing dwell time sampling horizontal resolution input impedance common mode rejection operational amplifier decibel sensitivity gain amplifiers pulse stimulus rheobase chronaxie stimulating electrodes neurophysiological signals extrafusal muscle fibers descending spinal pathway internal capsule thalamus basal ganglia upper motorneuron spinal pathways transcranial motor pathway motor evoked potential anatomy atherosclerosis stroke carotid carotid surgery carotidendartectomy train of four nerve root trigeminal nerve emg monitoring facial nerve emg monitoring cerebellopontine angle tumor surgery cpa cerebellopontine acns p34 common peroneal nerve filum terminale cauda equina neural generators fasciculus gracilis posterior tibial nerve erb’s point near field vs far field recording neural generator for median nerve ssep upper limb compound muscle action potential motor unit action potential triggered emg spontaneous emg intraoperative electromyography capacitance resistance impedance coulomb charge electromagnetism electricity ohm faraday electrons intraoperative monitoring inhalational agents propofol anesthetic drugs intraoperative auditory evoked potentials auditory baep chiari malformation craniovertebral decompression