This document discusses wounds, including their classification, stages of healing, types of healing, and factors that can affect the healing process. It also covers examining patients with wounds and potential complications. Wounds are breaks in the skin or mucous membranes and have signs like pain, bleeding, and an open defect. They can be classified based on their cause (surgical or accidental), type of injury (cut, puncture, etc.), and healing process (primary or secondary intention). The stages of wound healing are examination, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Factors like nutrition, infection, ischemia, and medications can influence healing. Examining a wound includes assessing location, size, depth, underlying cause, and patient comorbidities

1. WOUNDS

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Classification of wounds
• Stages of wound healing
• Types of wound healing
• Factors affecting wound healing
• Examination of patient
• Treatment for wounds
• Complications of wounds

3. INTRODUCTION
Wound is the mechanical integrity of skin, mucosal membrane, more deep tissues
and organs. Wound is composed by wound cavity limited with walls and bottom of
wound and wound canal is deep and narrow.
Local signs of wound: pain, bleeding, open defect.

4. CLASSIFICATION
OF WOUNDS
A.Reason of wounding-
surgical is aseptic, accidental
wound is contaminated.
B.Type of injury and wound –
cut, punctured, contused,
bite, penetrated, lacerated.

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7. STAGES OF WOUND HEALING

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TYPES OF WOUND
HEALING PROCESS
• PRIMARY INTENTION - Clean
incised wounds in which the
edges of wounds are in close
apposition.
• SECONDARY INTENTION – When
the incision margins are not held
together and there is more than
10mm distance between them.

9. FACTORS AFFECTINGWOUND HEALING
SYSTEMIC
Age
Nutrition
Trauma
Metabolic Diseases
Immunosuppression
Connective tissue disorders
Smoking
Mechanical injury
Infection
Edema
Ischemia/necrotic tissue
Topical agents
Ionizing radiation
Low oxygen tension
Foreign bodies
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10. EXAMINATION OF PATIENT
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How was the wound created? If chronic, why is it still open?
What is the underlying etiology?
: Where on the body is it located? Is it in an area that is
difficult to offload or to keep clean? Is it in a region of high skin
tension? Is it near any vital structures such as a major artery?
: How long has this wound been present? (e.g., acute or
chronic)
• What: What anatomy does it involve (e.g., epidermis, dermis,
subcutaneous tissue, fascia, muscle, tendon, bone, arteries,
nerves)?
What comorbidities or social factors does the patient have
that might negatively impact their healing ability?Is it life-
threatening?

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Local complications - delayed and
non-healing of the wound,
cellulitis, abscess formation,
osteomyelitis as well as further
wound breakdown.
Systemic complications -
bacteremia with the possibility of
distant hematogenous spread and
sepsis.
COMPLICATIONS OF WOUNDS

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