47. Sympathetic nervous system Pupils Salivary glands Heart Bronchi of lungs Liver Stomach Small intestines Adrenal gland Kidney Large intestine Rectum Bladder Genitals T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T 1 1 T12 L1 L2 L3
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51. Parasympathetic nervous system Pupils Salivary glands Heart Bronchi of lungs Liver Stomach Small intestines Large intestine Rectum Bladder Genitals
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60. What is saltatory conduction? An action potential at one node of Ranvier causes inwards currents that move down the action, depolarizing the membrane and stimulating a new action potential at the next node of Ranvier.
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64. Reflex Arc The reflex arc is a hard wired, unconscious rapid response to external stimulus involving spinal nerves and effector cell. A reflex is an automatic, involuntary response of an organism to a stimulus. The entire nervous system is composed of innumerable reflex arcs.
70. The neurotransmitter is manufactured by the neuron and stored in vesicles at the axon terminals
71. When the action potential reaches the axon terminal, it causes the vesicles to release the neurotransmitter molecules into the synaptic cleft.
72. The neurotransmitter diffuses across the cleft and binds to receptors on the post-synaptic cleft cell. Then the activated receptors cause changes in the activity of the post-synaptic neuron.
86. Astigmatism or “ghost vision” is when both far and near objects appear out of focus. This is because of the uneven diameter of the cornea (oblong-shaped). For light rays to focus precisely on the retina, the cornea usually needs to be more evenly round.