By tracing a genre of resistance and cultural identity through African-American children’s picturebooks we can learn about the importance of how children understand themselves and their place within the community. Even during the current Golden Age of publishing, picturebooks still continue to lack African-American writers and illustrators. The question of why this is happening will be covered throughout this study by investigating statistical and scholarly sources. Also, the history of how African-Americans were portrayed in picturebooks through racist and stereotypical portrayals will be examined. Even today scholars continue to debate as to whether published works for children continue to contain racist depictions of Blacks. African-American children’s literature can be used as a tool to discuss how to reimagine racist stereotypes and be aware of the racist history within the stories marketed to children. The political benefit of teaching African-American picturebooks within community settings has key value for children of all races and backgrounds and provides role models that validate the importance of the Black experience in literature. Positive portrayals of African-Americans teach Black children the importance of diversity and prepare them for adulthood. By highlighting African-American children’s literature through, before or after school programs and camps, children will learn the importance of the Black cultural experience and understand the value of sharing and recognizing in the positive depictions of everyday Black life.

1. AFRICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN’S PICTUREBOOKS:
EXAMINING THE GENRE OF CHILDHOOD, RESISTANCE,
AND CULTURAL IDENTITY THROUGH STORYTELLING
BY: ANGELINA M. BAIR

2. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
1

3. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
62 3 4 5
7 8 9 10

4. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
9

5. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
11 12 13 14 15

6. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
16 17 18 19

7. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
20

8. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
U
21 22 23 24

9. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
25 26 27 28

10. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
29

11. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
30 31

12. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
32 33

13. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
34 35

14. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
36

15. 37 38 39 40

16. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
41 5

17. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
42 4 9

18. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
44 45 46 47 48 49

19. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
43 44 45 46 47 48

20. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
50 51 52 53 54

21. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
50 51 52 53 54

22. HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
55 56 57 58

23. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
56 5559 626160

24. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
56 59 56
59

25. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
56
59

26. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
60 6055
55

27. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
60
55

28. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
61 62
61
62

29. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
61
62
61
62

30. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
56 61 56
61

31. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY CHILDREN’S
LITERATURE
55 56 61
60 59 62

32. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY
CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
56
6
2

33. DEPICTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN’S IN CONTEMPORARY
CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
55 59 61
60 56 62

34. COMPARING NEGATIVES AND POSITIVES DEPICTIONS OF
AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN CONCEPT BOOKS FOR YOUNGEST CHILDREN
63 64 65 66

35. COMPARING NEGATIVES AND POSITIVES DEPICTIONS OF
AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE
67 68 9 9

36. COMPARING NEGATIVES AND POSITIVES DEPICTIONS OF
AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN CONCEPT BOOKS FOR YOUNGEST CHILDREN
69 70 71 724

37. COMPARING NEGATIVES AND POSITIVES DEPICTIONS OF
AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN CONCEPT BOOKS FOR YOUNGEST CHILDREN
73 74 75
76 77 78 79 80
4 5

38. WE HAVE A LONG WAY TO GO: CONTEMPORARY CONTROVERSIES AND PAST
HARMFUL STEREOTYPES OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN POPULAR CULTURE AND
LITERATURE
81/82

39. WE HAVE A LONG WAY TO GO: CONTEMPORARY CONTROVERSIES AND PAST
HARMFUL STEREOTYPES OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN POPULAR CULTURE
AND LITERATURE
82

40. WE HAVE A LONG WAY TO GO: CONTEMPORARY CONTROVERSIES AND PAST
HARMFUL STEREOTYPES OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN POPULAR CULTURE
AND LITERATURE
83
84
81/82

41. WE HAVE A LONG WAY TO GO: CONTEMPORARY CONTROVERSIES AND PAST
HARMFUL STEREOTYPES OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN POPULAR CULTURE
AND LITERATURE
85 86 87
81/82

42. WE HAVE A LONG WAY TO GO: CONTEMPORARY CONTROVERSIES AND PAST
HARMFUL STEREOTYPES OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS IN POPULAR CULTURE
AND LITERATURE
88 89 90 91

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Akron, OH: The Saalfield Publishing Company.

57. IMAGE REFERENCES 44Hoffman, M. (1991). Amazing Grace. New York: Dial Books for Young Readers. (Illustrated by Caroline
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 45Lamperti, N. (1999). Brown like me. Chicago, IL: New Victoria Publishers. (Illustrated by Nicole
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 46Clifton, L., & Grifalconi, A. (1983). Everett Anderson's goodbye. New York, NY: Henry Holt. (Illustrated
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 47Bunting, E. (1994). Smoky night. San Diego, CA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. (Illustrated by David Diaz).
 48Ringgold, F. (1991). Tar beach. New York, NY: Crown Publishers. (Illustrated by Faith Ringgold).
 49Shange, N. (1997). Whitewash. New York, NY: Walker & Company. (Illustrated by Michael Sporn).
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 51Hubbell, P. (2003). Black all around!. New York, NY: Lee & Low Books. (Illustrated by Don Tate).
 52Diggs, T. (2011). Chocolate me!. New York, NY: Feiwel & Friends. (Illustrated by Shane Evans).
 53Hughes, L. (2009). My people. New York, NY: Atheneum Books for Young Readers. (Photographs by
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 54Pinkney, S. L., & Myles, C. (2001). Shades of black: A celebration of our children. New York, NY:

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 56Peña, M. (2015). Last stop on Market Street. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace. (Illustrated by Christian Robinson).
 57Weatherford, C. B. (2015). Voices of freedom: Fannie Lou Hamer: The spirit of the Civil Rights Movement.
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 58Henkes, K. (2015). Waiting. New York, NY: Greenwillow Books. (Illustrated by Kevin Henkes).
 59Derby, S. (2015). Sunday shopping. New York, NY: Lee & Low Books Inc. (Illustrated by Shandra Strickland).
 60Copeland, M. (2014). Firebird: Ballerina Misty Copeland shows a young girl how to dance like the firebird.
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 62Woodson, J. (2015). Visiting day. New York: Puffin. (Illustrated by James Ransome).
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 64Google Images (n.d.). Tar baby toilet soap. Retrieved from:
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 66Harris-Chandler, J. (1905). Tales Told by Uncle Remus: New stories on the old plantation. New York, NY:
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 68Lester, J. (2001). Sam and the tigers: A new telling of Little Black Sambo. New York. NY: Dial Books.
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 69Bonte, L. Q. & Bonte, G.W. (1895). ABC in dixie : A plantation alphabet. New York, NY: Ernest Nister and
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 70Collins Wonder Color Book. Ten little brown boys ABC and counting book. (1965). London, UK: Collins.
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 72Feelings, M. L. (1981). Jambo means hello: Swahili alphabet book. New York, NY: Puffin. (Illustrated by
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 73Harrigan, E. (1887). Ten Little mulligan guards. New York, NY: Applewood Books.
 74McLoughlin Brothers. (1895). Nine Niggers More. New York, NY: McLoughlin Brothers.
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 78Ringgold, F. (1999). Counting to tar beach. New York, NY: Crown Publications. (Illustrated by Faith
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 79Hort, L. (1991). How many stars in the sky?. New York, NY: Mulberry Books. (Illustrated by James
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 80Medearis, A. S. (1990). Picking peas for a penny. New York, NY: Scholastic. (Illustrated by Charles Shaw).
 81Ganeshram, R. (2015). A birthday cake for George Washington. New York, NY: Scholastic Press.
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 82Jenkins, E. (2015). A fine dessert: Four centuries, four families, one delicious treat. New York, NY:
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 83Kalman, B. & Bishop, A. (2002). A slave family. New York, NY: Crabtree Publishing Company.
 84Fritz, J. (1989). George Washington's breakfast. New York, NY: Trumpet Club. (Illustrated by Paul
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 85Google Images (n.d.). Slaves in a Cotton Field. Retrieved May 3, 2016 from:
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