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UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO SUDOESTE DA BAHIA
DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICA E EXATAS
PROPRIEDADES COLIGATIVAS
Conceito: São propriedades que dependem somente da
quantidade de soluto disperso em uma solução líquida.
Abaixamento
Crioscópico
Elevação
Ebulioscópica
Pressão
Osmótica
Por definição, o solvento (1) é o componente presente
sempre em maior quantidade em um sistema homogêneo
(solução). Por outro lado, o soluto (2) será sempre o
componente presente em menor quantidade.
Termodinâmica da formação de uma solução
0
1
ln
RT x
 
 
Termodinâmica da formação de uma solução
Abaixamento Crioscópico
3.1 Abaixamento Crioscópico
( , , ) ( , )
solido
T p x T p
 
 1 fusao
p
H T
x RT x
 
 
  

 
f f
K m
 
o
f
fusao
RMT
K
S


3.2 Elevação Ebulioscópica
( , , ) ( , )
vapor
T p x T p
 
 1 vaporizacao
p
H T
x RT x
 
 
  

 
f eb
K m
 
o
eb
vap
RMT
K
S


3.2 Pressão Osmótica

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Aula Propriedades Coligativas 2023.pptx