The document defines and describes various construction materials and building components. It provides definitions for items like air barriers, attic ventilation components, bricks and brick bonds, concrete joints, framing elements, insulation types, plumbing fixtures, roof shapes, stone patterns, steep roof terminology, and more. Each entry includes a brief 1-2 sentence definition or description of the item.
3. Attic Ventilation 1. Soffit Vents located at the eave of a roof, permit generous airflow to the rafter space as they act as the intake to the attic’s ventilation.
4. Attic Ventilation 2. Ridge Vent Ridge Vents, located at the highest point of a roof, allows air to be exhausted while still protecting the attic from weather.
5. Attic Ventilation 3. Gable Vent located high in the wall at opposite ends of an attic. Gable vents create a cross draft to help ventilate the attic.
6. Attic Ventilation 4. Roof Turbines Roof Turbines use wind to expel air out of the attic to ensure the moist air does not settle in the attic and begin to mold .
27. Cladding - Wood Shingles Wood Shakes: a shingle split from a block of wood Wood Shingle: is sawn from a block of wood Wood Shakes
28. Code Requirements Window IBC Requirements: Sill height less than 44” Min. Width 20” Min. Height 24” Min. Area 5.7 sf Measurements: Sill Height: 20” Width: 31 1/2” Height: 37 1/2” Area: 8.2 sf This window meets all of the IBC requirements for window sizing.
30. Concrete Joints Control Joint An intentional groove strategically placed to prevent cracking in a slab of concrete.
31. Concrete Joints Isolation A joint placed in such a way as to separate column bases and other structures to keep unwanted stresses from causing cracks along the slab.
32. CMU (with brick) A block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same manner as brick or stone. Used in many load bearing walls as well as in most residential foundations. Typical Dimensions – 7 5/8” x 7 5/8” x 15 5/8”
57. Front-End Loader/ Backhoe Front-end loaders are used to move a material from one place to another. Unlike the bulldozer, the front-end loader can pick up material in its bucket whereas a bulldozer can only push the material. A front-end loader cannot dig into the ground like a backhoe can do. Backhoe Front-End Loader
58. Gypsum Board Wall board made of layers of fiberboard or paper bonded to a gypsum core
59.
60. Insulation 1. Batt/Blanket Most popular type of insulation for wall cavities. Also used in some attics, roofs, and floors.
61. Insulation 2. Loose Fill Most commonly used in attics because it is inexpensive and leaves few voids with no gaps between pieces.
62. Insulation 3. Foamed Provides high R-values but can be very expensive to install. Its retardant to fire makes foam insulation desirable. Most commonly found in wall cavities..
63. Insulation 4. Rigid Board Used where high R-value per unit thickness is necessary. Commonly found in roof assemblies, walls and ceilings where insulation thickness is limited, and in below grade areas with a special water resistant composition.
64. Lintel A beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door opening.
65. Mortar #1 Tooled, Concave 3/8” wide Commercial Building Mortar Type: N
67. Oriented Strand Board (OSB) A non-veneered building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure. The strands of rectangular wood strips are held together by a wax and resin adhesive.
71. Plumbing 4. Roof Vent The Vent Through Roof (VTR) maintains a system of plumbing drains and waste lines at atmospheric pressure by connecting them to the outdoor air.
73. Plywood A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer and bonded together under pressure. Veneer – A thin layer, sheet or facing.
74. Radiant Barrier A reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy.
75. Rebar #4 Rebar, 1/2” Deformations in rebar are to help prevent slipping
76. Steep Roof Drainage Gutter a narrow channel which collects rainwater from the roof of a building and diverts it away from the structure, typically into a drain. The main purpose of a rain gutter is to protect a building‘s foundation by channeling water away from its base
78. Steep Roof Drainage Splashblock Used in order to prevent soil erosion/moisture problems around the foundation of a building or house. Leads the water away from foundation
83. Steep Roof Terms Ridge- level intersection of 2 roof planes in a gable roof Valley- trough formed by the intersection of 2 roof slopes Rake- sloping edge of steep roof
84. Steep Roof Terms Eave- horizontal edge at he low side of a sloping roof Soffit- undersurface of a horizontal element of a building Fascia- exposed vertical surface of an eave
85. Steep Roof Terms building without fascia Lacking the exposed vertical face of an eave
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