This document summarizes a single-domain task battery (SDTB) study on temporal prediction using fMRI. The study aims to assess whether temporal predictions are mediated by context-specific or common neurocognitive mechanisms. It outlines three models of temporal prediction and references a behavioral study that found a double dissociation between rhythmic and single-interval predictions, implicating separate roles of the cerebellum and basal ganglia. The SDTB study will use different tasks manipulating timing and sensory domains to investigate the neural correlates associated with these sub-cortical contributions and their relationship to cortex. Participants will complete production and perception tasks with auditory and visual stimuli in beat and interval conditions.

1. Single-Domain Task Battery (SDTB)
on Temporal Prediction
An fMRI study
Ana Luísa Pinho
30th
of March 2022
Grahn labmeeting

2. Motivation of the project
Anticipation of the timing of future events based on the temporal regularities of past events
What does “temporal prediction” stand for?
What are “temporal predictions” important for?
Key to attentional-orienting processes
What is the fundamental question?
Assess whether temporal predictions are mediated by a context-specific or a common
neurocognitive mechanism
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3. Formation of Temporal Predictions
●
(Quasi)-periodic stimulus stream
●
Aperiodic stimulus stream
Ex: speech, music or biological motion
Ex: single interval of two consecutive events
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4. Three different models
• Model 1: Periodic prediction reflects repeated application of single-interval
prediction
• Model 2: Single-interval prediction reflects alignment of a single periodic cycle
• Model 3: Periodic and single-interval prediction mechanisms coexist and are
engaged in a context-dependent manner.
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5. Testing Model 3: a behavioral study
Breska, A and Ivry, RB (2018) - Double dissociation of single-interval and rhythmic
temporal prediction in cerebellar degeneration and Parkinson’s disease, PNAS
●
Explicit timing tasks
●
Role of sub-cortical regions in temporal processing
●
Basal Ganglia rhythmic judgments
●
Cerebellum single-interval judgments
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6. Breska&Ivry (2018) study: outline
• Neuropsychological approach
• 48 participants
• 13 patients with Cerebellar Degeneration (CD)
• 12 patients with Parkinson Disease (PD)
• 23 healthy individuals
• Judgment of sub-second intervals:
• Consistent results for attentional orienting in time
• Critical role of the cerebellum in sub-second timing
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7. Breska&Ivry (2018) study: exp. design
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8. Breska&Ivry (2018)
study: results
Yes No
No Yes
Rhythmic
Single-interval
CD PD
Benefit or not?
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9. ●
Double dissociation provides causal evidence for functionally non-overlapping
mechanisms of rhythm and interval-based temporal predictions.
●
Separate contributions of the Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia, which suggests a
mechanistic specialization across timing domains.
Breska&Ivry (2018) study: conclusions
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10. ●
FMRI study employing Breska&Ivry (2018) approach to investigate the neural
correlates associated with the contributions of the Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia
●
Use different sensory modalities to characterize the relationship of these sub-cortical
contributions with the cortex
SDTB study: goals
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11. SDTB study: tasks
• Participants with no clinical profile
• 4 tasks modulating timing and sensory domains
• Timing: Production and Perception
• Sensory: Auditory and Visual
• 2 main conditions for every task
• Beat condition
• Interval condition
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12. SDTB study: production tasks
Beat
Interval
= 100ms
or
500ms 500ms
2000ms 2000ms
500ms 500ms
2600ms 1400ms
ISI 1 ISI 2 ISI 3 ISI 4
ISI 1 ISI 2 ISI 3 ISI 4
ISI 1, ISI 3∈[250,1000]
ISI 2,ISI 4∈[1500 ,2250]
ISI 1, ISI 3∈[250,1000]
ISI 2,ISI 4∈[500 ,4000]
...
Baseline
...
Baseline
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13. SDTB study: perception tasks
Beat
Interval
= 100ms
or
500ms 500ms
2000ms 2000ms
500ms 500ms
1100ms 2900ms
ISI 1 ISI 2 ISI 3 ISI 4
ISI 1 ISI 2 ISI 3 ISI 4
ISI 1, ISI 3, ISI 5∈[250,1000]
ISI 2,ISI 4∈[1500 ,2250]
ISI 1, ISI 3, ISI 5∈[250,1000]
ISI 2,ISI 4∈[500 ,4000]
...
Baseline
...
Baseline
ISI 3 < ISI 5
or
ISI 3 > ISI 5
700ms
ISI 5
ISI 5
950ms
?
ISI 3 < ISI 5
or
ISI 3 > ISI 5 ?
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14. ●
Structure of the tasks?
●
Include another task category with a non-temporal feature discrimination response?
WDYT?
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15. twitter.com/ALuisaPinho agrilopi@uwo.ca
Thank you!