2. content
LOGO
INTRODUCTION
MOTIVATION TYPES
MOTIVATION THEORIES
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Motivation is what causes us to act, whether
it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or
reading a book to gain knowledge.
• Motivation is literally the desire to do things
• An inferred process within an animal or an
individual that causes that organism to move
towards a goal
6. INTRINSIC EXTRINSIC
• Driven by an interest or • It refers to the
enjoyment in the task performance of an activity
itself in order to attain an
outcome
• Extrinsic motivation
• Don’t rely on any comes from outside of the
external pressure individual
7. MOTIVATION THEORIES
These theories helps us to prepare a
foundation for learning how to motivate
self and others.
WHAT IS IT THAT’S STOPING US TO
DO, WHAT IS TO BE DONE?
8. MOTIVATION THEORIES
1. Cognitive Dissonance Theory
2. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
3. Alderfer's ERG Theory
4. Goal Theory
5. Self-Determination Theory
6. Achievement Motivation Theory
9. 1. Cognitive Dissonance
Theory
A cognition is any element of knowledge -
an attitude, emotion, belief, value,
behaviour, etc.
When two cognitions are in direct conflict
with one another a state of anxiety is
produced - dissonance is the term for the
anxiety.
10. Example
For example "smoking is bad for you"
while continuing the behaviour of smoking.
These two cognitions are in direct conflict
with each other
The belief that smoking is bad is part of
one neural network - perhaps associated
with health and fitness is another conflict
12. If we fulfill our needs at one
level, then we can focus on
satisfying the need on the
next higher level
13. Physiological needs
Hunger, thirst etc.,
Safety needs
To feel secure & safe, out of danger
Belongingness & love needs
Affiliate with others, be accepted & belong
Esteem needs
To achieve, be component, gain approval and
belong
Self-actualization needs
Self fulfillment & realize one’s potential
14. 3. Alderfer's ERG Theory
Alderfer took Maslow's theory a little
further
Existence - Survival Needs(first two)
Relatedness - Separateness and
connectedness(second two)
Growth - Learning Something
New(other’s)
15. 4. Goal Theory
It means ”people have drives to meet
certain end states”.
They are motivated to do certain things as
a means to achieve that end.
17. Types of goal
Short-term
A goal that can be achieved in a relative
short period of time
Ex: To complete the course
Long-term
A goal that takes a long period of time to
achieve
Ex: Great success in career
18. 5. Self-Determination
Theory(SDT)
It is closely related to Maslow's Theory
with the exception SDT suggests that
people do not operate on auto-pilot
It presupposes that we all have a built-in
tendency toward growth and development
…just need an IGNITION to start
19. Three Concepts That Affect Motivation:
Autonomy - Separateness... "I can do it
myself"
Competence Feedback - Approval and
Acknowledgment from significant others
Relatedness - Connectedness... "I'm not
alone"
20. 6. Achievement Motivation
Theory
David McClelland's Achievement
Motivation Theory proposes that the three
factors influencing motivation
Need to Achieve
Need for Power
Need for Affiliation
21. FACTORS
Need to Achieve: Varies on a
continuum from low to high. This need is
related to the degree of difficulty of tasks
that a person chooses.
22. Need for Power - Those person who
derive a sense of satisfaction from having
an impact on their environment in a way
that moves it in the direction that person
would like to see it move.
23. Need for Affiliation - This need describes
those who are motivated primarily by
connecting and interacting with others are
happiest when they feel a sense of
belonging and involvement with a social
group.