This document discusses occupational safety hazards and control measures. It outlines various hazards faced by office workers, retail workers who stand for long periods, printing press operators, and those in air-conditioned environments. It also discusses shop floor safety, plant design safety features, working at heights, machine safety, personal protective equipment, fire safety, and ventilation. Control measures include conducting risk assessments, ergonomic workstations, safety training, guarding machinery, using ladders safely, and providing proper personal protective equipment.

1. Occupational Safety
By
Amal Mathew
28 –B batch

2. Why ?

4. Control Measures
Eliminate the Hazard
Create a safe place
Create a safe person

5. Safety hazards of people working in office
 Ergonomic hazards (poor posture, improper workstations, uncomfortable
chairs, incorrect desk heights)
 Electrical hazards (faulty wiring, frayed cords, overloaded circuits)
 Slips, trips, and falls (slippery floors, cluttered walkways, loose carpeting)
 Indoor air quality (poor ventilation, inadequate cleaning, improper use of
chemicals)
 Workplace violence (verbal abuse, threats, physical assault)

6. Solution
 Conduct a risk assessment .
 Provide adequate lighting to prevent eye strain, headaches, and other injuries.
 Maintain good indoor air quality through proper ventilation.
 Provide ergonomic workstations with adjustable chairs, desks, and computer monitors to
prevent musculoskeletal injuries.
 Ensure proper storage and handling of hazardous materials to prevent exposure and
environmental contamination.
 Provide regular safety training to employees to ensure that they are aware of potential
hazards and how to prevent accidents or injuries.

7. Hazards of people who have to stand a lot
(eg: textile showroom ,Super market)
 Musculoskeletal disorders (back, leg, and neck pain, stiffness, soreness)
 Poor circulation (swelling, varicose veins, fatigue)
 Foot problems (blisters, calluses, plantar fasciitis)
 Falls and slips (due to standing on hard surfaces for extended periods)
 Fatigue and stress (mental and emotional stress, physical fatigue)

8. Key health hazards with working on a printing press
 Inhalation of chemicals from printing ink and cleaning solvents can lead to respiratory problems.
 Contact with printing chemicals can cause skin irritation, rashes, and allergic reactions.
 High levels of noise from printing presses can lead to hearing loss if adequate hearing protection is
not used.
 Repetitive motion injuries such as carpal tunnel syndrome can result from performing the same
motions repeatedly.
 Musculoskeletal injuries can occur from lifting heavy materials and awkward body positions
required during setup and maintenance.
 Flammable and combustible printing inks and solvents can create fire and explosion hazards in the
workplace.

9. Working in an air-conditioned environment
 AC systems can remove moisture from the air, leading to dry skin and related problems.
 AC systems can circulate dust, mold, and other allergens, leading to respiratory problems.
 Poorly maintained AC systems can become breeding grounds for bacteria and viruses, leading to
the spread of illnesses.
 Poorly maintained AC systems can circulate stale air, leading to headaches and eye strain.
 Prolonged exposure to AC systems can lead to fatigue and lethargy in some individuals.
 AC systems can reduce humidity, leading to dehydration if individuals do not drink enough fluids.

10. Safe Movement of people in shop floor
 Slip
 Trip
 Fall from height
 Collision with Vehicles or Machinery

11. Minimum welfare standard
Drinking water
Toilet facilities
Washing Facilities
Changing Rooms
Accommodation for Clothing
Resting and Eating Facility

12. Basic Safety measure in Plant Design
 Separate pedestrian walkways from machinery
 Mark and label hazardous areas
 Install guardrails and barriers
 Provide adequate lighting
 Ensure proper ventilation
 Install emergency shut-off switches
 Provide personal protective equipment (PPE)
 Conduct regular safety training
 Emergency exit routes

13. WORKING AT
HEIGHT

14. Create a Safe Person

15. Ladder Safety
• Choose the right ladder
• Inspect before use
• Maintain three point of contact
• Don't over reach
• Avoid carrying bulky items
• Avoid use in bad weather condition

17. Machine Safety
• Fixed Guard
• Interlocking Guard
• Adjustable Guard
• Trip Devices

19. PPE – Personal Protection
Equipment

21. FIRE

23. Specific Agents- Asbestosis
• Dust- Asbestos , wood dust , cement
• Bacteria and Virus – Leptospirosis,
Hepatitis
• Noise – Loss of Hearing
• Vibration – HAVS (Hand arm Vibration
syndrome)
• Radiation- Ionizing Radiation, Radon
gas

24. Types of Ventilations
• Local Exhaust Ventilation
• Dilution Ventilation

27. THANK YOU