1. ACTIONS Model
For selecting distance education media and technology
TV broadcasting
Access
 How accessible is a particular technology for learners?
Learns cannot access to TV broadcasting anytime because it time-dependent.
Learners should have the TV guide to know when each program will offering and
in which channel.
 How flexible is it for a particular target group?
It need specific channel that learners should have. Also, students should be have
TV in their home.
Costs
 What is the cost structure of each technology?
The cost of TV program is very high because it require many things like human
and technical support, equipment, budget, and instructional materials to be
delivered.
 What is the unit cost per student?
AC(N)=FN+V
=6000/20+3000=6000
 What are the opportunity costs vs. other technology choices?
It is cheap compared to other technology like video conferencing ,audio
conferencing, and mobile learning
Teaching and Learning
 What kinds of learning are needed?
It could be used in distance education and individual learning.
 What instructional approaches will best meet these needs?
The teacher can explain and show the content to the learners. Learners can ask
questions to the teacher. Also, students can learn practical side of the subject.

2.  What are the best technologies for supporting teaching and learning in this
environment?
There are many technology that can use to support teaching and learning in TV
environment such as:
Telephone line, fax, and e-mail.
 Can the content be adapted to the technology?
Content is suited toTV. TV enables us to deliver the content in different ways
using different materials.
 What skills does the technology develop?
This technology can enhance many skills like listening skill, thinking skills, and
note taking skills.
Interactivity and User-friendliness
 What kind of interaction does this technology enable?
TV broadcasting is synchronous because students should know when the program
has shown.
 How easy is it to use and learn?
Using TV is very easy, students can use it by themselves without need for help.
Students can receive information in several different formats.
Organizational Issues
 What are the organizational requirements to provide stability and support?
It require technical support, delivery, maintenance, production team(human
support) to edit, produce, plan, design and develop the program.
 What are the barriers to using this technology successfully within the institution?
TV broadcasting needs power. Also, students cannot record program or see it
again after it finished. It doesn't available at any time.
 What changes need to be made within the organization to incorporate the
technology?
The production team should plan to repeat the program more than one time, so all
students can see the program in their suited time.

3. Novelty
 How new is the technology?
TV broadcasting used from long time, but it still effective and popular media for a
wide range of audience.
 What are its technical capabilities?
High quality sound and high quality pictures.
Speed
 How quickly can courses be created and distributed with this technology?
Creating and developing course in TV broadcasting spend a long time and need
different skills. But the distribution process is very easy by TV broadcasting.
 How quickly can materials be changed?
It will need time to make change on it because producing video need long time to
plan, design, edit, and so on.