2. AfterAfter
completingcompleting
this tutorial,this tutorial,
you willyou will
apply yourapply your
knowledge of theknowledge of the
parts of speech toparts of speech to
understand theunderstand the
English principlesEnglish principles
that will help you tothat will help you to
write better.write better.
3. Let’s identify the basic tools of aLet’s identify the basic tools of a
language: the parts of speechlanguage: the parts of speech
8. Dr. Shah Mr. Ahmed
Saira George Washington
Business Department
Karachi
Fido
Memorial Day
India
White House
9. AA PRONOUNPRONOUN is a wordis a word
used as a noun substitute:used as a noun substitute:
II me
which
all
some
10. AA VERBVERB
• Action verbs -- eat, love, count, runAction verbs -- eat, love, count, run
• Being (and helping) verbs -- be, am,Being (and helping) verbs -- be, am,
seemseem
• ““Possession verbs” -- has, have,Possession verbs” -- has, have,
had (double as helpers)had (double as helpers)
11. Adjectives and AdverbsAdjectives and Adverbs
adjectivesadjectives tell something abouttell something about
a noun or pronouna noun or pronounthe kinds ofthe kinds of
adjectivesadjectives
are:are:
pointingpointing,, descriptivedescriptive,,
articlesarticles,, limitinglimiting
I likeI like thosethose expensive, blueexpensive, blue shoesshoes
because they arebecause they are comfortablecomfortable and goand go
withwith thethe mostmost outfits .outfits .
12. when Today we must begin work.
how Sara proceeded rapidly to work.
where Did you see the schedule there?
to what
extent
The prosecutor did not
question him further.
Adverbs modify (describe or limit)
verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They
add information about
13. other words or groups of words.other words or groups of words.
Coordinating conjunctionsCoordinating conjunctions join words orjoin words or
groups of words thatgroups of words that areare equal.equal.
We met at the junction of FifthWe met at the junction of Fifth andand Elm Streets.Elm Streets.
SubordinatingSubordinating (dependent)(dependent) conjunctionsconjunctions
join words or groups of words thatjoin words or groups of words that aren’taren’t equal.equal.
We studied Chapter 1 many hoursWe studied Chapter 1 many hours becausebecause wewe
want a good grammar foundation.want a good grammar foundation.
14. PrepositionsPrepositions join nounsjoin nouns
and pronouns to otherand pronouns to other
words in a sentence.words in a sentence.
Your cat isYour cat is underunder the chair.the chair.
GoGo throughthrough the door.the door.
SitSit besidebeside me.me.
I’m goingI’m going toto Hawaii.Hawaii.
15. Prepositions show relationships. See howPrepositions show relationships. See how
the preposition changes the relation ofthe preposition changes the relation of
“object” (Mr. Lee) to verb (talked):“object” (Mr. Lee) to verb (talked):
Ellen often talkedEllen often talked with Mr. Lee.Mr. Lee.
Ellen often talkedEllen often talked about Mr. Lee.Mr. Lee.
Ellen often talkedEllen often talked to Mr. Lee.Mr. Lee.
See how the meaning has changed?See how the meaning has changed?
17. Let’s review!Let’s review!
Identify what the words areIdentify what the words are
in the next sentence.in the next sentence.
Are theyAre they
NOUNS
VERBS
CONJUNCTIONS
PREPOSITIONS
ADJECTIVES
ADVERBS
PRONOUNS
EXCLAMATIONS
18. The brown puppy is by the bed,The brown puppy is by the bed,
and he is chewing furiously onand he is chewing furiously on
that new toy.that new toy.
• The brown = adjectivesThe brown = adjectives
• puppy = nounpuppy = noun
• is = verbis = verb
• by = prepositionby = preposition
• the = adjective (article)the = adjective (article)
• bed = nounbed = noun
19. The brown puppy is by the bed,The brown puppy is by the bed,
and he is chewing furiously onand he is chewing furiously on
that new toy.that new toy.
• and = conjunctionand = conjunction
• he = pronounhe = pronoun
• is = verbis = verb
• chewing = verbchewing = verb
• furiously = adverbfuriously = adverb
• on = prepositionon = preposition
20. The brown puppy is by the bed,The brown puppy is by the bed,
and he is chewing furiously onand he is chewing furiously on
that new toy.that new toy.
• that = adjective (pointing)that = adjective (pointing)
• new = adjective (descriptive)new = adjective (descriptive)
• toy = nountoy = noun
