Career

1. CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
TO CAREER
EDUCATION
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ESB4213 CAREER GUIDANCE

2. TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
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1. Identify the components of career
education.
2. Career education field
3. Identify components of career
education program.
4. Identify the stages of career
development.

3. CONTENT
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1. Definition of terms:
career education, career guidance and,
career development.
2. Career education field.
3. Components of
career education
program.
4. Stages of career development.

4. INTRODUCTION
•This topic is to explain the terms of career
guidance, career development and career
counselling.
•The topic also will explain about the
important of career guidance, the stages in
career development which will help us to
understand the basis of career guidance.
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5. 1. Definition of Terms
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6. What is Career Education?
• Career Education helps a person develop the knowledge and
skills they need to determine a career path.
• Career Education programs focus on learning skills and on-the-job
training versus academic subjects, which helps a person needing
Career Education to advance quickly into the workforce.
• Career Education helps a student make informed decision in
developing a career. Instead of focusing on academic subjects, a
student studies the tools of an occupation and learns through
hands-on training.
Source: http://degreedirectory.org/articles/What_is_Career_Education.html
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7. What is Career Guidance?
Careers Guidance enables young people to use the
knowledge and skills they develop to make the
decisions about learning and work that are right for
them.
Career guidance refers to services and activities
intended to assist individuals of any age and at any
point throughout their lives, to make educational,
training and occupational choices and to manage
their careers.
Career Guidance services may be found in schools,
universities and colleges, in training institutions, in
public employment services, in the workplace, in the
voluntary or community sector and in the private sector.
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8. What is Career Development?
• Career development is the lifelong process of managing
progression in learning and work.
• The quality of this process significantly determines the nature and
quality of individuals’ lives: the kind of people they become, the
sense of purpose they have, the income at their disposal.
• It also determines the social and economic contribution they make
to the communities and societies of which they a part.
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9. “Career development is lifelong process of
skill acquisition and building through a
continuum of learning, development and
mastery. This process enables people to be
in charge of their own career, with enough
focus and direction for stability and enough
flexibility and adaptability for change along
the way”
(Philip S. Jarvis, 2003, p.7)
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10. The Purpose of Career Education
• To help individuals learn new skills or enhance current skills that
can help them achieve success in a particular career field.
• To prepare for a new career or advance in your current career.
• Train for a new career.
• Learn more about a particular career field.
• Gain important new skills.
• Update existing skills.
• Earn a promotion.
• Improve their earning potential.
• Stay current in their career field.
• Adapt to a new position.
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11. The importance of Career Education in
School
1. To help people to find the right career which suits to their
skills and interests. Having a career which complements a
person’s personality is very beneficial because it will ensure
that the person will love his/her job.
2. Career education do not just discuss the theories; they also
provide hands-on learning which is very beneficial for students
because they get to experience what really happens in the real
world.
3. To assist students understand their strengths and
weaknesses, their interests, their analytical skills and other
factors which can play important roles in their careers. When a
person is made aware of his or her limitations and potentials, it
will be easier for him/her to make the right decision.
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12. Continuous Exercises & Assignment (40%)
•There will be continuous exercise and individual
assignment will be given during the class session.
Assignment will be given during the class session
in group and individual. There are two elements
to the assignment:
•1.) Written paper & Presentation – 20%
• 2.) Career Guidance Exhibition. -20%
•The due date for submission of the group
assignment is indicated in Course Schedule.
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13. 2. Career Education Field
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14. 14
CAREER EDUCATION FIELD
1. Academic Career Education
2. Vocational Education
3. Industrial Career Education
4. Technical Education
5. Advanced Careers

15. CAREER EDUCATION FIELD
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1. Academic Career
Education
2. Vocational Education
3. Industrial Career
Education
Academic career research has been parceled largely into
academic and administrative tracks, with subdivisions of
academic tracks into respective academic disciplines,
which are monitored through, benchmark professional
associations and accrediting agencies.
“vocational education” is an industrial or technical
education.
also been called industrial arts and includes the classic “shop”
classes of woodworking, automobile repair, equipment repair,
and masonry, but now can include training in safety
maintenance, security protection, and diverse computer
application certifications

16. CAREER EDUCATION FIELD, cont.
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4. Technical Education
5. Advanced Careers
Technical education offerings course in electronics,
computer hardware and software education, technical
education can also include certain types of engineering
and medical applications, environmental design, aviation
training applications, and other work training
classifications, such as culinary arts, theater set design,
and emerging technologies.
New career fields are created from the demands of
society, there is a need for training for advanced careers
in these fields. The creation of advanced training
programs by educational institutions other than those
customarily responsible for those offerings.

17. Career Test
• https://www.yourfreecareertest.
com/career-tests/free-career-
test-for-students/
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18. 3. Components of Career Guidance
Programs
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19. Components of Career Guidance
Program
McCowan, C. & McKenzie, M. (1997)
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1. Self awareness
2. Opportunity
3. Decision learning
4. Transition learning

20. Components of Career Guidance Program
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1. Self awareness
2. Opportunity
Self awareness identifying their own personal attributes
e.g. physical, intellectual, emotional characteristics,
skills, interests and values exploring the relationship
between their personal attributes and the skills required
to be effective in different life/work situations
evaluating strategies and conditions that affect their
learning in different life and work situations.
Opportunity activities involve students in investigating,
exploring and experiencing the
world of work and the various pathways within it.
Activities might include:
experiencing and researching different work
environments, investigating a range of
occupations and educational and training opportunities
and analysing historical and
projected changes in the world of work.

21. Components of Career Guidance Program, cont.
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3. Decision learning
4. Transition learning
Decision learning is concerned with learning how to
make decisions. Relevant activities involve students in:
exploring how other people make decisions and
understanding the influences on a person's decision
making identifying appropriate decision making styles
and strategies generating a range of career related
options for themselves.
Transition learning relates to the awareness and skills
students need to cope with new situations, both
desired and undesired. Typical activities include:
identifying the range of planned and unplanned
life/work transitions they may encounter during their
lifetime developing the skills to effectively manage a
range of planned and unplanned transitions e.g.
problem solving, identifying and using support
networks.

22. 4. Stages of Career Development
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23. THE PROCESS OF PROGRESSION IN CAREER
DEVELOPMENT
• Career development is a process just like learning to walk and talk.
The stages of career development overlap and are ongoing
throughout one’s lifetime.
• The appropriate time for initiating each of the stages of career
development for students with disabilities will depend more upon
the developmental level vs. the student’s grade level.
• There are certain stages that should be addressed at Elementary,
at Middle School, and High School and beyond.
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24. The diagram shows the progression of career
development.
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PRE-SCHOOL (3-4 year old)
Life of work fantasy
GRADES K-3 (5-6 year old)
Awareness of occupations
GRADES 4-6 (9-12 year old)
Awareness of self (abilities and aptitudes)
GRADES 7-8 (12-14 year old)
Occupational Orientation (background
orientation and preparation for training)
GRADES 9-10 (14-16 year old)
Occupational Orientation (background
orientation and preparation for training)
GRADES 11-12 (16-18 year old)
Occupational Training programs designed to train
students for entry level employment and /or additional
training
POST SECONDARY (18–22
(Freshman, Sophomore, Junior and
Senior years)
Training or retraining of persons for
gainful employment
ADULTHOOD
Developing occupational potential to
result in a satisfying career life
Source: Colorado Department of Education, Special Education Services Unit.

25. STAGES OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT
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Post Secondary
10-12
7-9
K-6
Stage/Time
Frame
Care
Awareness/Orientation
Career
Exploration
Career
Preparation
Career
Placement,
Follow-up

26. STAGES OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT
1. Career awareness/orientation
Career awareness is the first stage of the process and should
begin in the early elementary years.
This stage really never ends. This stage to begin early in
children's lives so they can develop self-awareness and feelings of
self-worth/confidence. This will assist them in: (1) developing a
work personality that helps them perceive themselves as workers;
(2) becoming more aware of different jobs; (3) developing work
values, attitudes and other attributes appropriate to their unique
abilities and needs.
If students with disabilities cannot acquire the skills during this
stage, then adolescent and adult programs will need to give much
more attention to them.
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27. STAGES OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT
2. Career exploration
• Career exploration is the second stage of career development.
• This stage should be emphasized particularly during the junior
high years; although it, too, never really ends.
• During this stage teams should be given a chance to examine
firsthand the number of occupational groupings such as
agricultural work, office work, home economics, public service
jobs, business and industrial positions.
• They should be allowed to obtain various hands-on experiences,
and be given the opportunity to examine their own particular set of
abilities and needs, as related to the world of work, a vocational
interests, leisure and recreational pursuits, and other roles related
to their overall career development.
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28. STAGES OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT
3. Career Preparation
• Career preparation represents a third stage of career
development.
• This stage occurs usually during the senior high school years and
finds the student beginning to develop and clarify personal, social
and occupational knowledge and skills. Specific interests,
aptitudes and competencies of the student should be more clearly
delineated in this stage relative to the lifestyle the student desires.
• Courses should be selected on this basis so a variety of
experiences in and out of the classroom can be provided.
• A substantial experiential component should characterize this
stage of development since many students with disabilities need
an extended period of time to learn specific vocational skills.
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29. STAGES OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT
4.Career Placement
• Career placement, follow-up and continuing education is the final
stage of the career education process.
• This stage of development may require the involvement of several
community agencies to assure the individual of obtaining
satisfactory vocational, leisure and independent living roles.
• Supported guidance and counseling services will be required.
• All people change at least somewhat in their interests and goals as
they become older. Thus, career education is an important need of
adults with disabilities as they redefine their priorities and needs.
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30. What factors Go When Choosing a Career?
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What factors go
into choosing a
career?
Your Interest
Values &
Motivations
Your Skills
Your
Personality
Your Contacts
Your
Qualifications
Your Locations
Outdoor
& Active
Social
Creative
Helping
Others
Money
Work Life Balance
Security
Scientific
Determined
Cautious Outgoing Calm
Communicating
Problem-
solving
Teamwork
Computing
Organizing
Source: © University of Kent Career Services, www.kent.ac.uk/careers

31. Summary
• Career education focus on learning skills and on-the-job training
versus academic subjects, which helps a person needing career
education to advance quickly into the workforce. In career
development programs, there are four stages in career
development that help counsellor to guide student to choose their
own career: career awareness, career exploration, career
preparation and career placement.
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32. Exercise
• Here is the format for the occupational bio-poem:
• Line 1 – Write your first name
• Line 2 – Write your favorite occupation
• Line 3 – Who can [Write something important you will do in this
occupation]
• Line 4 – Who earns [Write the median salary for this
occupation]
• Line 5 – Who knows how to [Write knowledge necessary for
this occupation]
• Line 6 – Who values [Write the work value(s) related to the
occupation]
• Line 7 – Write your last name
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33. https://www.onlinepersonalitytests.org/riasec/result
s/
• https://www.onetonline.org/explore/interests/Social/Realistic/Investi
gative/
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34. End of Chapter 1
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35. Discussion Questions
1. Define:
a. Career education
b. Career guidance
c. Career development
2. Name and explain four (4) components of career
guidance program?
3. Why career education is important for school?
4. What are the purpose of career education?
5. Why is career development becoming more
important?
6. Discuss how to create career education in school?
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36. Class Activity
•Write 100 words your vision
and career plan in 5 years time
and how you are going to
achieve it?
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