2. INTRODUCTION.....
Also known as “operation flood”.
Project of national dairy development board (NDDB).
World’s biggest dairy development programme .
Made India the largest milk producer in the world
surpassing the USA in 1998 .
17% of global milk output in 2010 – 11
Made dairy farming India’s largest self sustainable rural
employment generator.
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3. HISTORICAL ASPECTS
Based on the Anand pattern experiment at AMUL , a
single cooperative dairy.
Chairman of NDDB- Verghese Kurien appointed by
PM of India- Lal Bahadur Shastri.
He was the chairman and founder of AMUL as well.
Dr. Kurien is therefore recognized as the architect of
this programme .
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4. WORK PATTERN
Creation of a national milk grid linking milk
producers .
Connecting 700 towns and cities .
Village milk producers cooperatives procure milk from
villagers.
The cooperatives provide services and make modern
technology and management available to members.
Thus, middle men are cut out.
Seasonal and regional price variations reduced.
Producer gets major share of profits.
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6. PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION
Operation flood was implemented in three phases:
PHASE-1 (1970-80)
Financed by the sale of skimmed milk powder and
butter oil donated by the European union through the
world food programme.
Mother dairies were setup in Delhi , Mumbai, Kolkata
and Chennai.
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7. PHASE-2 (1980-85)
Increased milk sheds from 18-136.
By the end of 1985 , 43000 village cooperatives and
4,250,000 milk producers were covered.
Domestic milk powder production increased from
22000 tons -140000 tons by 1989.
Direct marketing of milk by cooperatives increased by
several million litres per day.
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8. PHASE-3 (1985-96)
Expansion and strengthening of infrastructure.
Veterinary first aid, health care services , feed for
animals were improved .
Emphasis on research and development in :
A. Animal health-example: vaccine for theilorosis.
B. Animal nutrition-example : protein rich feeds, etc.
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13. DRAWBACKS/CRITICISMS
Imported breeds of cattle have caused decimation of
Indian breeds .
Foreign breeds give higher yields , but require more
feed and are not suited to Indian conditions .
Focus on dairy sector during this period was at the cost
of development , research and extension work in other
areas of Indian agriculture.
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