1. WK11 Agenda
• Project 8 per group: member by Jan 18, 2010
• Pick one comparison: religion, music, art,
language and literature
• Homework Learning Curve
• Art work?
• Asian Middle Ages Lecture

2. Homework
• Table for 1900 to present
• What are the objectives of our homework?
– Do we have learning curve? Better result in a
shorter time?
• Prepare for the Middle Ages Exam on Monday
January 25, 2010

3. Art Work
• Artist? When? • Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519 AD.),
• Picture name? during his study with Verrochio~1472
• Technique? • The Annunciation
• Where’s the lily? What does it • Oil and tempera on panel
symbolize? • The angel holds the lily which
• What’s this voice? symbolized Mary’s virginity and the
city of Florence.

4. Art Work
• Perceptual speed! • Virgin on the Rocks (Louvre
• Name?, technique? vs. London)
• The Da Vinci Code? • Oil on panel, People in the
pyramid, Chiaroscuro (แสงเงา)

5. Art Work
• Name: The Last Supper
• Technique: Tempera on
gesso or pitch and
mastic
• Location: Santa Maria
delle Grazie, Milan
• Where’s the V shape?
• Da Vinci Code?
• Clip

6. Art Work
• Who is she?
– Mona Lisa or La Gioconda,
Banker’s wife
• Why is she so famous?
What’s her secret?
– Her smile
• What’s the technique?
– Sfumato: no sharp
contrast, middle gray,
smokey technique
– Particular around the eyes

7. Art Work
• His other works?
• See BBC documentary in YouTube
– Leonardo da Vinci
– The Divine Michael Angelo

8. Matching Game
• Pieta, St. Peter’s Basilica
• David
• Moses
• Sistine Chapel: The Creation of Adam,
Igmudi, The Last Judgment(on the altar)

9. Michael Angelo
• Michael Angelo took 4 years to draw this picture on the Sistine Chapel’s
ceiling. What do you see the most in this picture?
• Who are in the triangles, rectangles, and small rectangles?

10. Ancient World Left Off
• China: 3 kingdoms (221-265
AD.)
– Decline of Hun
– Neo-Taoism
– Spread of Buddhism
– Fa- Hsien monk traveled to
India: Record of Buddhist
Kingdoms
• India: Gupta Dyansty
– Gupta Dynasty fell to the
Huns in 451 AD.
• Japan: Yayoi (300 AD.)
– Rice planting and metal tools
making

11. China Middle Ages
Sui Dynasty: 581-618 AD.
• Yang Chiang (1st emperor):
– Reunited China
– Set up the dynasty
– Use strong centralized state
• Sui Yang Di (2nd emperor):
– Copy Asoka by mixing
Buddhism with the idea of
mandate from heaven
– Grand Canal for trade and
transportation (Hangzhou-
Laoyang-Beijing)
– The oldest and longest man
made river (1776 km)
– Repairing the great wall

12. China Middle Ages
Tang Dynasty: 618-907 AD.
• Military Expansion Period:
– Largest empire(Korea to Turkestan)
– Capital City @ Chang-an
– 6 Ministries(finance, defense, justice, public
work etc.)
– Prefecture and province
– Agricultural expansion: migration from the
North to the South
• Hanlin Yuan: Royal academy, center for
scholars
• Prosperous time of Buddhism:
– Relief carvings in Buddhist cave shrines
– Hsuan-tsang monk (พระถังซัมจัง) traveled to India
๋
for 16 years: famous for Buddhist translation
– Zhen Hur 7 trips to Indonesia, Arabia, and
Africa
• Neo Confucianism: against outside culture,
restored Confucianism
– Chu Hsi: education will help us be a good
citizen: mercy, not selfish, not biased
– Wang Yang Ming: use the knowledge in
practice, for example:
• good son principle : be grateful to the parents
• Practice: take care of the parents to be a
grateful son
• Wood Block Printing, Ship, Gunpowder,
Fireworks, Cannon, Ceramics, Abacus

13. China Middle Ages
• Sung Dynasty: 960-1279
AD.
– China reunited, capital city
@ Kaifeng
– Peak of international trade:
still use coinage system,
cargo ship
– A golden age of calligraphy
and ink painting(mountain
landscape, romantic
landscape, and Buddhist
simplicity)
– Greatest female poet: Li
Ching Chao, composer of
tzu

14. China Middle Ages
Tz'u No. 1 by Li Ching Chao
To the tune "Courtyard Filled with Fragrance"
Fragrant grass beside the pond
green shade over the hall
a clear cold comes through
the window curtains
crescent moon beyond the golden bars
and a flute sounds
as if someone were coming
but alone on my mat with a cup
gazing sadly into nothingness
I want to call back
the blackberry flowers
that have fallen
though pear blossoms remain
for in that distant year
I came to love their fresh fragrance
scenting my sleeve
as we culled petals over the fire
when as far as the eye could see
were dragon boats on the river
graceful horses and gay carts
when I did not fear the mad winds
and violent rain
as we drank to good fortune
with warm blackberry wine
now I cannot conceive
how to retrieve that time.

15. China Middle Ages
• Yuan Dynasty: 1260-1368 AD.
– First foreign dynasty, Mongol
– Kublai Khan
– Capital City at Beijing
– Peace established, trade expanded, tax
exempt for Central Asian Muslim
Merchant Association, link renewed
with the West
– Tried to invade Japan twice but the war
ships wrecked from kamikaze storm
– Tibetan style white pagoda in Beijing’s
royal gardens
– 1331 AD Bubonic plague in China
• Ming Dynasty:1368 AD.
– Chu Yuan Chang, rebellion leader
against Mongols, became the first Ming
Dynasty Emperor.
– Peak of blue and white porcelain
– Emperor Yung lo encyclopedia (1403
AD), Forbidden City

16. •
India Middle Ages
The Muslim invaders
• The conquests of the Turks and Afghans
(North, Hindustan, Deccan)
• Factors aiding the conquerors
– Caste system: Kshatriyas’ duties, lower
classes had no incentive to fight
– Muslim were fresh and energetic people,
excited by the prosperity, “Slave Kings”
– Muslim fight on the horse, Hindu on the
elephant (not flexible)
• Will Islam and Hindu have a problem?
What did the Aryan do to the
Dravidian?
– Islam is monotheistic
– Some Hindus converted to Islam because
they didn’t want to pay tax (unbelievers • Kutb Minar near Delhi: Pillar of
have to pay jeziya tax) Victory
– Lower caste of Hindu like the equality in • 238 feet high, erected by Kutb-ud-
Islam
din, the founder of a Muslim
– Intermarriage sultanate at Delhi
• Why did they have to mix the culture?
– Muslims had only military people. They
needed help from other occupation.
– After WWII they had to separate into: India
and Pakistan

17. India Middle Ages
• Chola Dynasty in Southern India:
886-1267 AD
• Feudal society
• Bhakti movement: fight against
Islam
• Sikh
– Reconcile for Hindu and Muslim:
only one god for all mankind
– Prophet: Guru Nanak
– 5 symbols: uncut hair, wooden
comb, undergarment to wear,
iron bracelet, strapped dagger
– Immortal Pond (same as Mecca in
Islam)
• Middle ages ended in 1398 AD.
Hun invasion (Tamerlane)

18. India Middle Ages
• Art
– Bronze sculptures: Shiva
Nataraja,
– Hindu Rajarajeshvara
Temple, Southern Indian
style, built by King
Rajaraja I
• University of Nalanda

19. WK12 Agenda
• Discussion
• Japanese poem: D_ad Poet Society?
• Lecture continue: Japan, Thailand
• Memory Bingo
• Homework: Medieval World exam next week

20. Discussion
• Why China could reunited again after the fall of
the Han dynasty? After the fall of Rome, Europe
could never reunited in a single empire again.
– Confucianism: concept of unified empire, Mandate
from Heaven What about Constantine?
– China’s greater cultural homogeneity (although many
tribes but they have common written language)
– China’s population density (more people=more
communication=more trade)
Sounds familiar in business?
– ASEAN, EU, NAFTA, AFTA, APEC etc.

21. Japanese Poem
• Manyoshu (700-800 • Haiku Since 1700 AD.
AD.) • 17 syllables in 3 lines
• Smooth and energetic • (5 7 5)
(Chinese influence) • Famous poet: Matsuo
• All class of people could Basho (1644-1694 AD.)
write • Zen inspiration
• 31 Syllables in 5 lines • In group of 4 or 5 start
• (5 7 5 7 7) writing your poem and
post it on Facebook.

22. Japan Middle Ages
Before Chinese influence
• What’s the geography effect
to early Japanese politic?
– Village, Clan (Uji), leader,
strong relationship
– Yayoi 300 AD.
– Tomb Culture
– Yamato State (near Kyoto)
– Sun Goddess
• 604 AD. Prince Shotoku
announced The 17 Article
Constitution
– Sent Ambassadors to China
– Confucianism: obey the rulers
– Stability for the society
– Horoyuji Temple (607 AD.)

23. Japan Middle Ages
• What’s the religion
during this time?
• Kami: Holy things in
nature
• Shinto: the way of the
gods: belief in spiritual in
nature: force of nature
– Respect Kami
– Worship ancestors and
respect unity
– Emphasis on simplicity and
hygiene
– Purification
What’s this water for?

24. Japan Middle Ages
Chinese influence period
• 645 AD: The Taika Reform:
– Centralized economy
– Built roads to connect with the center
– Set up local management
– Equal field system: government as a landowner, assigned amount of
land according to labor work capability and would revert to the
government again after death (prevent local power and asset
accumulation)
• 701 AD: The Taiho Code:
– Prefecture, province, and district
– Quota tax: rulers could make a fortune through the difference they
got from their people and the required quota

25. Japan Middle Ages
• Nara:710-781 AD.
– Copied Nara from Chang-
an(Xian):East/West
– Grid city
• 600 AD. Spread of Buddhism from China
and Korea
– Todaiji Temple
• Japanese Garden (Shinto)
–Leaf, grass, moss, pond
•Literature:
The history of Kojiki (Records of
Ancient Matters 712 AD.)
–3 Sections:5Gods from heaven
including Amatera’s descendant to rule
Japan, Jimmu Emperor empire expansion
to the East, Nintoku Emperor success
–Showed the belief that link God to the
emperor and the birth of
Japan=>Nationalism
Nihon Shoki (720 AD.)
–30 books of ancient tales of miracle
things
–Chinese tradition and philosophy

26. Japan Middle Ages
• Heian:794-1192 AD: Kyoto
– Moved here to avoid politics from
the Buddhist temple and better link
with N/E cities
– The estate: Shoen: owned large piece
of land, farmers preferred to be serfs
in the estate to avoid tax
– worsened centralized economy, the
start of feudalism
• Fujiwara: most powerful family: married
with the emperor
• Kana Alphabet invention (women started
to write)
– Lady Murasaki Shikibu: The Tale of
Genji (1002-1019 AD.): World first
novel
– Story of Prince Genji and his love
– Reflect the life, taste, and belief of
the royal families during those time.
– Emaki painting (Genji)
• New School of Buddism:
– Tendai:praying, Shingon:ritual ceremony
– Biyodoing Temple: The Phoenix
Pavillion: private chapel of the regent
Fujiwara Yorimichi(994-1074 AD.)

27. Military Leader period
Japan Middle Ages
•Kamakura:1192-1333 AD
•Internal conflict between Tiara and Minamato
families
•Minamato Yoritomo:1st Shogun
•Headquarters: Kamakura but the emperor’s still
lived in Kyoto
•Yoritomo Government: Bakufu (Tent
government)
•Feudalism: Peak of Samurai
•Coincidence with Western Europe? What’s the
difference?
Similarities
–Knight: Samurai: expensive and long
training, came from good family
–Code of chivalry :Bushido: brevity, loyalty,
prefer death over dishonesty
•Later(Diamyo as a vassal of Shogun)
•Bakuhun: Decentralized(autonomy)
management with Centralized national policy:
Diamyo’s family as a hostage in Edo
•Samurai increased power (700 years)
•The Tale of Heike: Gempei war between the
two families
•Azuma Kagami: Reflection of the East:
Information on the start of feudalism in Japan,
Minamato Yoritomo
•Kamakura:sword making

28. Japan Middle Ages
• Muromachi:1333-1700 AD.
• Weak Shoguns; continual warfare
among the daimyos and samurais
• Chinese style pavilions built by
Shoguns for tea house or retreat:
Golden Pavilion: Kyoto
• Zen: experience a sudden flash
when tune in with nature
• Zen influence: Ryoanji Rock
Garden in Kyoto; Can you
intepret?
• Samurai entertainment:
– No drama: mask for main actor,
imitating samurai, devil, or god
– Tea ceremony: peace, calm
• Civilian entertainment: Kabuki

29. Thailand
• Sukothai Dynasty 1230
AD.
– King Sriintaratit
announced Thai
Independence from
Khorm
– King Ramkamhang
created Thai Alphabet
– Spread of Buddhism
from Srilanka
•Mahatat Temple in
Sukothai, JD style?
•Ramkamhaeng Stone

30. Thailand
• Ayudhaya Dynasty 1350 AD.
– King Uthong constructed
Ayudhaya as the new capital
city of Thailand
– 1492 AD: Sailed boat to Japan
– 1531 AD: Portuguese merchant
arrival
• 1560 AD. Portuguese
Missionary spread Christianity
in Thailand
• 1569 AD. Lost Ayudhaya to
Burma
– Praya Jackri:traitor
• 1592 AD. King Narasuan the
great fought on the elephant’s
back (ยุทธหัตถี) With whom?

31. Time: Asian Politic, Economic, Knowledge, Philosophy, Art: Painting, Literature,
Middle Ages Society Religion, Technology Sculpture, Drama
Architecture
Sui Dynasty: 581-618 AD.
Yayoi,Tomb , Yamato State
300-600 AD
state, equal field systemAsian Middle Ages
Sui Yangdi: China reunited strong centralized
Sun Goddess, 604 AD. Prince Shotoku announced
Grand Canal for trade, repairing the
great wall
Kami: Holy things in nature
Cave temples: Lung men
Horyuji Temple
(Before Chinese influence) The 17 Article Constitution Shinto: the way of the gods: belief in
spiritual in nature: force of nature
Tang: 618-907 AD. Military Expansion Period: Largest empire: Korea Hanlin Yuan: Royal Academy, Neo Cave Temples, Ceramics
to Turkestan, Capital City @ Chang-an, Confucianism: Chu Hsi, Wang Yang Ming,
centralized state with 6 ministries, prefecture Wood Block Printing, Ship, Gunpowder, The history of Kojiki
and province, Agricultural expansion: economic Fireworks, Cannon, Ceramics, Abacus (Records of Ancient
revolution period, Migration to the South Hsuan-tsang monk traveled to India for Matters 712)
Chinese influence period 645 AD: The Taika Reform: Centralized economy, 16 years, Zhen Hur 7 trips to Indonesia, Nara Period: Todaiji Temple Nihon Shoki (720)
Nara:710-781 AD. equal field system Arabia, and Africa Heian:Biyodoing Temple: The
Heian:794-1192 AD, Fujiwara 701 AD: The Taiho Code: prefecture, province, tax 600 AD. Spread of Buddhism from China Phoenix Pavillion Lady Murasaki
Copied Nara from Chang-an(Xian):East/West and Korea, Heian: New School of Japanese Garden (Shinto) Shikibu: The Tale of
Arab Muslim:712 AD Moved the capital to Heian (Kyoto) 784 AD: Buddhism Tendai, Shingon Yamato-e Painting Genji (1002-1019
Slave Dynasty politics avoidance from the Buddhist temple and Kana Alphabet Emaki painting (Genji) AD.): World first
Khilji Dynasty better link with N/E cities, Shoen system novel
Tughlak Dynasty worsened centralized economy Islamic Mosques Book of Wonders
Sayyid Dynasty Feudal society 800-1000 AD.1000 AD. Mahmud of Bhakti movement: fight against Islam Chola:Bronze sculptures: by Buzurg ibn
Lodhi Dynasty Ghazni from Afghanistan invaded Northern India, University of Nalanda, Islam, Sikh Shiva Nataraja, Hindu shahriyar
Chola Dynasty in Southern Delhi Sultanatee began 1192 (followed by 5 Rajarajeshvara Temple:
India 886-1267 AD Muslim dynasties), Jeziya tax(non Muslim tax) Southern Indian style
Sung: 960-1279 AD. Sung: China reunited, Capital City@Kaifeng, Sung: translucent porcelain, spinning Yuan dynasty: Tibetan style Sung: Li Ching Chao,
Yuan: 1260-1368 AD. centralized state, peak of international trade machine, coinage, a golden age of white pagoda in Beijing’s composer of tzu
Mongol, Kublai Khan Yuan: 1279 AD. Kublai Khan, Capital calligraphy and ink painting (mountain royal gardens (greatest female
Ming:1368-1644 AD. City@Beijing, peace established, trade expanded, landscape, romantic landscape, and Marble Gate: 1345 AD poet)
tax exempt for Muslim Merchant Association, Buddhist simplicity), magnetic compass Ming dynasty: peak of blue Ming: Emperor
link renewed with the West, Tried to invade Yuan: color printing and white porcelain, Yung lo
Japan twice but the war ships wrecked from Forbidden City encyclopedia (1403
kamikaze storm, 1331 AD Bubonic plague in Bushido: loyalty, brevity, death over AD)
China, Ming: 1368 AD. Chu Yuan Chang, rebellion dishonesty
leader against Mongols, became the first Ming Kamakura: sword making Chinese style pavilions built
Dynasty Emperor, limited trade and collect Zen (Chinese Ch’an):sudden flash by Shoguns for tea house or
tribute, paper currency experience when in tune with nature retreat: Golden Pavilion:
Military Leader period Feudalism: Peak of Samurai: Tiara vs. Minamato Kiukakuji: Kyoto Azuma Kagami:
Kamakura:1192-1333 AD Minamato Yoritomo is the first Shogun, Reflection of the
Muromachi:1333 headquarters moved to Kamakura but the Ryoanji Rock Garden in Kyoto East
emperor’s still in Kyoto, samurai increased power (Zen) The Tale of the
(700 years) Heike
Islam period in India (1000- 1206 AD. Aibak Sultan of Delhi Kutb Minar: Pillar of Victory No drama: male
1500 AD.) 1300 AD. Sultan expand the kingdom to S. India only
1336 AD. Hindu fought back and constructed The Tale of Ise
Vijayanagar (วิชัยนคร)
1398 AD. Hun invasion (Tamerlane)

32. Memory Bingo
• Use 1-3 keywords to summarize each box of our table for Japan. For example:
Japan Middle Ages Politic, Economic, Knowledge, Art: Painting, Literature, Drama
Society Philosophy, Religion, Sculpture, Architecture
Technology
Before Chinese Kami, Shinto
Influence
Chinese Influence:
Nara, Heian
Military Leader Period:
Kamakura
• Draw a new 3X3 table
• Select 9 keywords and put them in your 3X3 table
• Answer the following questions using your keyword list
• “Bingo” when you get 3 words in a row, column, or diagonal.

33. Discussion
• What’s the theme for Ancient World? What
about the Middle Ages?
• What are the similarity and difference during the
Middle Ages in Europe and Asia?
– Think of the Intellectual resources
– Invasions
– Politics and Society
– Technology
• What about Thailand? Where are we now?
• Should be able to understand the table vertically
and across continents.
• Think about the cause and effect of the events.