1. FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT NATURE AND SCOPE

9. Luther Gullick used the word POSDCORB to describe functions such as Planning (P) Organizing (O), Staffing (S), directing (D) , controlling (CO), reporting ® and budgeting (B), Koontz and O Donnel adopted managerial functions as planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Earnest dale has included innovation and representation to the earlier mentioned functions

10. 1. Planning 2. Organizing 3. Staffing 4. Directing (a) Leadership (b) Communication (C) Motivation (d) Supervision 5. Co-coordinating 6. Controlling

12. According to Terry, “Planning is the selecting and relating of facts and the making and using assumptions regarding the future in the visualization and formulation of proposed activities believed necessary to achieve desired results.

13. Planning is a process of looking ahead. The primary object of planning is to achieve better results. It involves the selection of organizational objectives and developing polices procedures, programmes, budgets and strategies. Planning is a continuous process that takes place at all levels of management.

16. Louis A. Allen describes organization as the process of identifying and grouping work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority and establishing relationships for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively together in accomplishing objectives

18. Though they are many types of organizations but generally three types of organizations are in vogue: 1.Line Organization 2.Functional Organization and 3.Line and staff organization.

28. Coordination creates a team spirit and helps in achieving goals through collective efforts. It is the orderly arrangement of group effort to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common objectives.

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