2. 14 DAYS TRAGEDY
Japanese surrender soon after Hiroshima and Nagasaki
get bombed,
Some MPAJA took advantage to terrorize and take
revenge on the Malays who suspected cooperated with
Japanese.
3. 14 DAYS TRAGEDY
Chaotic situation happened in
Batu Pahat-Muar
Sg Manik – Teluk Anson
etc
The bloody conflict between the Chinese and the
Malays lasted two weeks until the British established
the British Military Administration.
4. MALAYAN UNION (KESATUAN
MALAYA)
After 14 days, the British came back to Malaya and
introduced temporary military government or BMA
(British Military Administration).
Control back offices and stations
Some MPAJA surrender back weapons some escape to
jungle
On 1st April 1946, the British replaced BMA with the
Malayan Union.
5. Why British Introduced Malayan
Union?
Need more revenue to cover cost of WW2
To attract investor to rebuild back British economy
in Malaya
To combine all scattered administration into one.
to assist administration and saved expenditure.
To enforce defence
boost economic recovery
To prepare for the locals for own government
6. FEATURES OF THE MALAYAN UNION
Except for Singapore, all Malayan States were united
under one central government
Rulers’ sovereignty would be abolished - they would
only have the authority in Islamic affairs and
customs.
State would be under British High Commisioner.
A British Governor would be appointed as Malayan
Union’s Head
7. FEATURES OF THE MALAYAN UNION
All races would be given equal rights – Jus Soli Principle
- Malayan citizenship was obtained if
(a) the foreigner was 18 and above and had resided in
Malaya for 10 out 15 years before 15 February 1942.
(b) a person who born in Malaya after the forming of the
Malayan Union.
Equal rights for all citizens regardless of race or origin.
8. Opposition against the Malayan Union
Malays oppose:
Mac Michael’s used intimidation to get Malay Rulers
approval
Loss of Rulers’ powers
Effects on the position of the Malays
A group of former British officers like Frank Swettenham, R.O
Winsted, Frederick Weld, Cecil Clementi opposed
9. UPRISE AGAINST THE MALAYAN UNION
The Malays were not ready to accept radical changes that would
affect their position.
Dato’ Onn lead the Malays against the Malayan Union and instilled
national spirit among them.
established “Pergerakan Melayu Semenanjung” (Peninsular Malay
Movement) in January 1946 to defend the rights of the Malays.
He chaired the Pan-Malayan Malay Congress meeting on 29th and
30th March 1946 in Kuala Lumpur.
established the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO)
10. UPRISE AGAINST THE MALAYAN UNION
Through this congress the Malays was advised to boycott the
Malayan Union and unite to stage demonstrations on 1st April
1946.
The Malay rulers were advised not to attend the appointment
ceremony of Edward Gent as the first Governor of the Malayan
Union.
The British government ignored all protests and Malayan Union
was proclaimed on 1 April 1946.
Edward Gent became the Governor of the Malayan Union.
11. THE FAILURE OF MALAYAN UNION
Strong oppositions from Malays made L.D Gamman and
David Rees to observe the rise of peoples against Malayan
Union in Major towns in Malaya.
Abolished Malayan Union with establishment of
Federation of Malaya 1948
British finally favoured to Malays demand