different types of roads and patterns

1. Different types of roads and patterns
ABHISHEK DIXIT
Assistant Professor

2. Depending on weather condition
Types of roads
• All-weather roads: Negotiable during all
weather
• Fair- weather : Traffic may be interrupted
during monsoon season.

3. Depending upon types of road
pavement
Types of roads
• Paved roads
• Unpaved roads

4. Depending upon types of surfacing
Types of roads
• Surface roads
• Un-surfaced roads

5. Nagpur Road Plan/1st road plan
Types of roads
• National Highways
• State Highways
• Major District Road
• Other District Roads
• Village Roads

6. Modified classification of Road System by
3rd road development plan
Types of roads
• Primary System
Expressways and National Highways
• Secondary System
State Highways and Major District Roads
• Tertiary system or Rural roads
Other District Road and Village Roads

7. Classification of Urban Roads
1. Expressways
2. Arterial Streets
3. Sub-Arterial Streets
4. Collector’s Streets
5. Local Streets

8. Expressways
• For Speedy and heavy traffic
• Pedestrians not allowed
• Connect main markets, important places
• Complete separation of opposite moving traffic
by a divider or median
• Level crossings, sharp curves, steep gradients
avoided
• Telephone facility, Highway Police, Servicing
Stations, Refreshment Facility available at regular
intervals

9. • Heavy Traffic with high speed (120 Km/Hr.)
• Land width= 90 m.
• Connects major points of traffic generation
• Slow moving traffic is not allowed
• No loading unloading and parking allowed
• Full Access control

10. Arterial Streets
• For the heavy/important traffic inside the city
• Usually along the expressways serving as
principal network of traffic flow
• Join central business district with outside
residential areas
• Parking, loading, unloading prohibited
• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at
intersections

11. Arterial Streets
• Design Speed: 80 km/hr.
• Land width= 50-60 m.

12. Sub-Arterial Streets
• Less traffic than arterial streets
• Pedestrians are allowed to cross only at
intersections
• Spacing varies from 0.5 km in central business
areas to 3 to 5 km in residential area.
• Parking, loading, unloading usually restricted
and controlled

13. Sub Arterial Streets
• Bus stops but no standing vehicle.
• Design Speed: 60 Km/hr.
• Land width= 30-40 m.

14. Collector’s Streets
• Meant for collecting the traffic from local
streets to arterial streets
• Full access allowed from properties alongside
• Situated in residential, commercial, industrial
areas
• Few parking restrictions except for peak hours

15. Collector Streets
• Design Speed: 50 km/hr.
• Land width= 20-30 m.

16. Local Streets
• Open access from residents, business or other
properties.
• Does not carry large volume of traffic.
• Unrestricted parking and pedestrians allowed

17. Local Streets
• Design Speed: 30 km/hr.
• Land width= 10-20 m.

18. Urban Road Patterns

20. Rectangular/Block Pattern

21. Radial (Star) and Block Pattern

22. Radial (Star) and Circular Pattern

23. Radial (Star) and Grid Pattern

24. Hexagonal Pattern

25. Minimum Travel Pattern

26. Sr. No. Point of Comparison Roadways Railways
1 Type of traffic
Cars, bikes, trucks, lorries,
buses, etc.
Goods & passenger trains
2 Width of right of way More Less
3 Tractive resistance More Less
4 Special operational devices Not required Required
5 Rate of accidents More Less
6 Cost of Construction & maintenance Low High
7 Suitability to hilly areas Suitable Not suitable
8 Load carrying capacity Low High
9 Distance of travel Short Long
10 Gradients & curves
Steep gradients & sharp
curves can be provided
Only smooth gradients or
curves should be provided
11
Requirement of skilled labour for
construction & maintenance
Not required Required
Comparison between Roadways & Railways: