1. RUSSIA AND KAZAKHSTAN

2. RUSSIA

3. KAZAKHSTAN

4. Geography
Location
Area
Boundaries
Terrain
Land Forms and Bodies of Water
Climate

5. Location
RUSSIA: North Asia bordering the Arctic Ocean, extending from Europe
(the portion west of the Urals) to the North Pacific Ocean
KAZAKHSTAN: Central Asia, northwest of China; a small portion west of
the Ural (Zhayyq) River in eastern-most Europe

6. Area
RUSSIA: total: 17,098,242 sq km; largest country in the world in terms
of area
KAZAKHSTAN: total: 2,724,900 sq km

7. Boundaries
Russian Federation has land boundaries of 19,900 kilometers and borders with 14
countires in Europe and Asia.
Kazahkstan is landlocked. Russia leases approximately 6,000 sq.km of territory
enclosing the Baykonur Cosmodrome; in January 2004, Kazakhstan and Russia
extended the lease to 2050.

8. Terrain
RUSSIA
•Broad Plain with low hills west of Urals
•Immense stretch of grasslands, vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia
•Uplands and Mountains along southern border regions

9. Terrain
Siberia (Russia)
 land to the east of the Ural Mountains
 immense stretch of grassland, thick evergreen forest and tundra, crossed by giant
rivers

10. Terrain
KAZAHKSTAN
Vast flat steppe extending from the Volga in the West to the Altai Mountains in the
•
east and from the plains of western Siberia in the north to oases and deserts of
Central Asia in the south

11. Terrain
KAZAHKSTAN
Much is covered by huge rolling grasslands, or steppe.

In the south are arid sandy deserts


12. Land Forms
KHAN TENGRI
 Kazahkstan’s highest peek whose summit reaches 22,949
ft.

13. Land Forms
MOUNT ELBRUS
 the highest point of the Caucasus, Russia and Europe

14. Land Forms
WEST SIBERIAN PLAIN
 vast, flat expanse; covered with a network of marshes and streams; The world’s biggest are of flat ground
 Gradually rises to the Central Siberian Plateau, and then again to highlands in the southeast
 Taiga stretch across most of this land; The far north of Siberia extends into the Arctic Circle

15. Land Forms
URAL MOUNTAINS
mountain range that runs approximately from north to south through western
Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the Ural River and
northwestern Kazakhstan.[
 considered the natural boundary between Europe and Asia

16. Tundra and Taiga
 Birch trees, dwarf bushes, moss and lichen huddle close to the ground in the
frozen tundra wastes of northern Russia.
 They lie between the permanent ice and snow of the Arctic, and the thick
taiga forests which cover an area greater than the Amazon rainforest.

17. Bodies of Water
THE CASPIAN SEA
Covers 371,000 sq km; the world’s largest expanse of inland water.
Fed by the Volga and Ural rivers, which flow in from the plains of the north.

18. Bodies of Water
LAKE BAIKAL
Deepest and oldest lake in the world
Largest freshwater lake – more than 1.6 km deep and covers 32,500sq km
Fed by 336 rivers and contains around 20% of all the fresh water in the world

19. Climate
RUSSIA and KAZAKHSTAN
 Temperatures fluctuate wildly, both daily and seasonally due to their distance from seas and oceans
 Temperatures in eastern Siberia have been known to reach -68 degrees Celsius

20. Climate
RUSSIA and KAZAKHSTAN
 Have strongly continental climates
 Temperatures fluctuate wildly, both daily and seasonally due to their distance from seas and oceans
 Temperatures in eastern Siberia have been known to reach -68 degrees Celsius

21. RESOURCES and LIVELIHOOD
Industry
Extraction and Mining
(gold, diamond, coal, oil, gas)
Farming and Land Use

22. Gold and Diamond
 The discovery of gold in the 19th century opened Siberia up to economic and
industrial development.
 Gold and diamonds are mind in the east.

23. Oil, Coal and Gas
Vast reserves of oil, coal and gas are found especially in the west,
which is now the main centre for extraction.

24. Farming and Land Use
RUSSIA:
• CEREAL CROPS  wheat and oats
• RAISING CATTLE on the small pockets of pasture

25. Farming and Land Use
RUSSIA:
• Herding reindeer, hunting, forestry

26. Farming and Land Use
KAZAKHSTAN
Big hers of cattle, goats and sheep are raised for wool and meat.
Wheat is cultivated in the fertile north.

27. DEMOGRAPHICS
Population
Religions
Ethnic Groups
Languages

28. Population (Russia)
 Siberia has some of the world’s largest areas of
uninhabited land due to the cold climate and harsh
living conditions.
 Industrial cities in the west hold the most people.

29. Population (Russia)
 138,082,178 (July 2012 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 9
 (CIA World Factbook)

30. Population (Kazakhstan)
 Despite its huge size, Kazakhstan has only 16
million people; just over half live in urban areas.

31. Population (Kazakhstan)
 17,522,010 (July 2012 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 60
 (CIA World Factbook)

32. Religions (Russia)
 Russian Orthodox 15-20%,
Muslim 10-15%, other
Christian 2% (2006 est.)
 note: estimates are of
practicing worshipers;
Russia has large
populations of non-
practicing believers and
non-believers, a legacy of
over seven decades of
Soviet rule
(CIA World Factbook)

33. Religions (Kazakhstan)
 Muslim 47%, Russian
Orthodox 44%,
Protestant 2%, other
7%
(CIA World Factbook)

34. Ethnic Groups (Russia)
 Russian 79.8%, Tatar
3.8%, Ukrainian 2%,
Bashkir 1.2%, Chuvash
1.1%, other or
unspecified 12.1%
(2002 census)
(CIA World Factbook)

35. Ethnic Groups (Kazakhstan)
 Kazakh (Qazaq)
63.1%, Russian
23.7%, Uzbek 2.8%,
Ukrainian 2.1%,
Uighur 1.4%, Tatar
1.3%, German 1.1%,
other 4.5% (2009
census)
(CIA World Factbook)

36. Languages
KAZAKHSTAN
Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%,
Russian (official, used in everyday business,
designated the "language of interethnic
communication") 95% (2001 est.)
(CIA WORLD FACTBOOK)
RUSSIA
Russian (official), spoken by 142.6million people
Tatar, 5.3 million
Ukrainian, 1.8 million

37. Languages
RUSSIA
Russian (official), spoken by 142.6million people
Tatar, 5.3 million
Ukrainian, 1.8 million

38. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

39. Environmental Issues
Environmental degradation on a massive scale.
River, air and land pollution in Russia is among the worst in the world.