Language of Research
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Research is a thorough study of a certain problem, its possible causes, and finding out which of the possible solutions is the most effective. It is, therefore, a scientific investigation or inquiry. As a scientific investigation, it has its own language. Hello! Kindly click like button if the article/presentation is helpful. Thank you :)
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Language of Research
- 3. Research is a thorough study of a certain problem, its possible causes, and finding out which of the possible solutions is the most effective. It is, therefore, a scientific investigation or inquiry. As a scientific investigation, it has its own language.
- 4. Theory Explanation that offers to classify, organize, explain, predict and/or understand the occurrence of specific phenomena. The theory has to make sense of reality or what is actually happening in a society. Conceptualization A concept, which may be in form of issue, object, phenomenon or problem, represents an aspect of reality. Before a research can start, the concept must first be taken from its conceptual level to an observational level.
- 5. Operationalization This process is converting an abstract idea, notion or concept into a measurable item. Variables There are two types of variables: Dependent and Independent.
- 9. A hypothesis is a statement which states or describes the expected relationship between the independent variables. It is an educated guess about the relationship between variables.
- 10. Research Hypothesis This is the foundation or basis of a research project. It may be stated positively or negatively. Null Hypothesis This is a statement saying that no relationship exists between the dependent and independent variables. The objective of a research is to disapprove the null hypothesis.
- 11. Rival Hypothesis This is a statement that offers an alternative prediction for the research findings in case the null hypothesis or the research hypotheses are rejected. Testing Hypothesis This is the subject of the research. Tested Hypothesis This is the result of an observation.
Notas do Editor
- The language of research consists of various associated terms such as theory, hypothesis and variables. The following are the basic terms needed to undertake a simple investigation.
- Theory- an investigation starts with a theory to be tested by observations. For example, in the poem “Telephone Conversation”, the behavior of being prejudiced to black people was observed. “What causes white people to discriminate against Black people?”--- To research a theory, the first step is conceptualization. Conceptualization…. The next step is to convert the concepts into variables through operationalization/
- Operationalization- conceptually observable. How this is accomplished depends on the researcher. Variables- the creation of variables and the development of a measurement instrument to assess these variables are the main focus of operationalization. FOR EXAMPLE: female is an attribute of the variable gender. Independent- factors which will have influence on the dependent v. Can be controlled by the researcher. Independent variables related to racial discrimination: race, gender, age, mental status and education. Dependent- It is what is being predicted. These are the factors the researcher has to control. They require other factors to influence or causes changes. Racial discrimination behavior- dependent
- Three common types of hypothesis: research, null, rival.
- Research Hypothesis: POSITIVE- as one increases, the other increases NEGATIVE- as one increases, the other decreases. Null and alternative hypotheses are used in statistical hypothesis testing. The null hypothesis of a test always predicts no effect or no relationship between variables, while the alternative hypothesis states your research prediction of an effect or relationship.