Brandon Marshall, CAREL USA

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NAT REF Solution deployment
Natural solutions for
semi plug-in showcases
Brandon Marshall
Marketing Manager-Refrigeration
Carel USA Inc.

2. This document and all of its contents are property of CAREL. All unauthorised use, reproduction or distribution of this document or the information contained in it, by anyone other than CAREL, is severely forbidden.
2
USA Trends and Normative Highlights
• The IEC has approved the 500 gram charge limit. Manufactures will now be looking to UL,
ASHRAE, and the NFPA for expedited approval of the increase in the USA market
• California is leading the “Green Initiatives” with Carb and Title 24. Other states are now joining
California in instituting energy and environmental policies that will affect the HVACR market
heavily in years to come
• A dramatically changing retail environment is creating an increased demand for decentralized
systems to assist in improving format efficiency , meeting space limitations, and regulations
• C02 centralized systems, whether subcritical or transcritical, are still on the rise in North America,
however, an increase in the charge limit to 500 grams could make propane a more cost effective
solution with increased benefits

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DC Waterloop Systems
• First trials in 2012 (HFC/HFO)
• Ease of installation & maintenance
• Reduced refrigerant charge: 80%
• Reduced refrigerant leaks: 96%
• Energy saving up to 30% in respect to on/off
waterloop systems
• Advanced monitoring & predictive maintenace
• Optimum temperature regulation
• Flexibility, HVAC integration

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• High efficiency refrigerant
• Standard working pressures
• Suitable for small units
• Flammability: IEC 60335-2-89 up to
500g
• Well accepted from the market
• Worries on pressures and usability are
overcome
• Active innovation trend
• Improved technologies for high efficiency in
warm climates
Natural Refrigerants for DC Waterloop Systems
• Improving cooling capacity
• Improving energy efficiency
• Reducing compressor size
• Amplifying compressor choice

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5
Ease of Operation
Ease of
Installation
Ease of
Use
Ease of
Maintenance
• Factory tested units, fully
optimized and ready to operate in
the field
• Simple waterloop design and
installation
• No space required for machine
rooms and external condensers,
suitable for urban areas
• Advanced user interface
• Full integration with configeration
supervisory systems
• Real-time maps and dashboards
offer superior data acquisition
• Easy understanding of system
performance
• Full monitoring of all working
conditions
• Advanced algorithms for
preventive diagnostics
• Real time COP
• Leak detection
• Defrost on demand

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DC Technology EEV Controls
• One compressor for each cabinet
working independently from the
others
• Very wide modulation range to
always meets the cabinet cooling
capacity
• Maximum Energy Efficiency at
part load
• Stepper electronic expansion
valves
• Continuos and precise
control of evaporator feeding
• Equil-percentage profile for
perfect control in part load
operation
Opening %
Cooling capacity
CAREL ExV
• All in one controller able to
drive all components of the
refrigeration system and case
• Advanced management of
the refrigeration cycle
• Synchronization of speed
drives and EEV to Maximize
energy efficiency and food
temperature control
Continuous Modulation

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Propane Options
MT/LT single circuit MT/LT multi circuit
• The solution is ready for up to 500g applications
• Several compressors (horizontal and vertical) are available
• Most applications possible only with 1 circuit. This is a comparable complexity to
HFC systems.
• Minor applications require a max of 2 circuits
DC technology benefits
• Increased cooling capacity with similar displacement
• Decrease compressor size with similar cooling capacity
150g DC ON/OFF
Displacement 17-22 cc 25-32 cc
Height 29 cm 36 cm
Weight 14 kg 26 kg
DC Vs ON/OFF

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CO2 Options
LT Booster
Transcritical
LT Double Stage
Transcritical
• One double-stage
compressor
• Standard system
• Intermediate injection control
• Limited refrigerant charge to
avoid high pressure during
transportation
MT Booster
Transcritical
MT Transcritical
LT Subcritical
• Two single stage compressors
• Standard low temperature
booster system
• Intermediate pressure control
• Flexible design, installation on
field
• One single stage compressor
• Standard CO2 transcritical
design with 3 valves: high
pressure, flash gas and
expansion
• Flexible design, installation on
field
• One single stage compressor
• Single EEV acting as the high
pressure and expansion valve
• Limited refrigerant charge to
avoid high pressure during
transportation

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In Collaboration with the University of
Padova:
DC vs ON/OFF: Food Preservation
Temperature control
• Precise temperature control
• Flat product temperature
• Reduced fluctuation during
defrosts

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• Reduced humidity fluctuations
• Less food humidity stress
Humidity control
+2 days
shelf
life
In Collaboration with the University of
Padova:
DC vs ON/OFF: Food Preservation

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Medium Temperature Application Comparison
CO2 Vs Propane
-10%
CO2 Vs Propane
-3%
CO2 Vs Propane
+10%
CO2 (with evap cooling)
Vs Propane
+5%
-10 -7 -4 -1 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44
TotalEnergyConsumption
Ambient temperature [°C]
Berlin
CO2
R290
-10 -7 -4 -1 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44
TotalEnergyConsumption
Ambient temperature [°C]
Rome
CO2
R290
-10 -7 -4 -1 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44
TotalEnergyConsumption
Ambient temperature [°C]
Vienna
CO2
R290

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12
Conclusions
• Natural refrigerants with DC semi plug-in systems is becoming a reality all over the world
• Potential issues with Natural Refrigerants can be improved by using DC technology and other
well known solutions
• Energy efficiency is not the only driver: space limitations, noise level, fast installation times,
and ,maintenance cost reductions
• Propane vs CO2 ,There’s not a unique natural choice. End users can decide which Natural
Refrigerant fits better with their own needs.
• IEC 60335-2-89: flammability charge regulation revision will boost the high efficiency propane
systems deployment

13. This document and all of its contents are property of CAREL. All unauthorised use, reproduction or distribution of this document or the information contained in it, by anyone other than CAREL, is severely forbidden. All data refer to year 2017
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