Managing CrossRef DOIs

1. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
1
Managing CrossRef DOIs!
Pretoria, 2015
1
Broken links are a problem
2

2. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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Link decay
3
Median
lifespan
of
9.3
years
Figure 11. Link Rot - Elsevier corpus.
Klein
M,
Van
de
Sompel
H,
Sanderson
R,
Shankar
H,
Balakireva
L,
et
al.
(2014)
Scholarly
Context
Not
Found:
One
in
Five
ArScles
Suffers
from
Reference
Rot.
PLoS
ONE
9(12):
e115253.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0115253
hZp://127.0.0.1:8081/plosone/arScle?id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115253

3. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
3
A CrossRef DOI that uniquely
identifies – and locates – content
5
THE CROSSREF DOI!
REFRESHER
6

4. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
4
DOI syntax
• Makes the DOI actionable on the web
• Assigned by CrossRef
• Assigned by the publisher
Total DOI = Routes through the DOI resolver to
point to the registered URL
7
hZp://dx.doi.org/
DOI
Directory
jmbi.1995.0238
Suffix
10.1006/
Prefix
hZp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279147
A
reader
sees
a
seamless
link
8

5. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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hZp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279147
But
the
link
interrogates
the
DOI
resolver
and
re-­‐
directs
the
reader
to
your
page
9
Why is this better than a URL …
10

6. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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when you move content …
11
The DOI automatically redirects
12
(you
don’t
have
to
tell
all
the
other
publishers)

7. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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What is behind the CrossRef DOI?
• Metadata
– Bibliographic details, for example for journals
• Article and journal name
• Author name(s)
• Volume
• Issue
• Publication date, etc.
– URL
• The web page on which the publication can be found
13
Metadata items
• Basic citation
metadata:
– author(s)
– journal title
– article title
– volume
– Issue
– page numbers
– publication date
– book title
– chapter title
• Optional metadata,
e.g.
– references
– FundRef funder
information
– ORCIDs
– CrossMark publication
record metadata
– Abstracts
– (more about this later)
14

8. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
8
Depositing CrossRef DOIs
and metadata
• Deposit process
– Decide on suffixes and URLs
– Create XML using the CrossRef deposit schema
• Or use the Web Deposit form
– Verify your XML
– Upload your XML (via a web interface or
programatically)
• This adds the DOIs and metadata to the
CrossRef system
– http://help.crossref.org/#deposit_basics
15
Web Deposit Form
• For smaller publishers unable to create XML
• Enter data into form
• Form generates XML and sends it to the system
• DOI is deposited
– (Be sure to check your submission log!)
– http://www.crossref.org/webDeposit/
16

9. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
9
17
Cut-­‐andpaste
into
the
web
form
Using metadata
• Search and indexing services
– On CrossRef site
– On partner sites (e.g. ORCID)
• Enhanced CrossRef metadata services
– Organizations that want to supplement metadata
from other sources
– Organizations providing citation metrics
– Document delivery providers
– Discovery services
– Search engines
– Content aggregators
18

10. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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Sharing metadata - benefits
• Greater discovery of your content
• Inclusion in discovery services
• NB: only your metadata is shared – not your full
text!
• By default you are opted-in, but you may opt-
out
19
Organizations using
CrossRef Metadata Services
• Academic Analytics, LLC
• Academic Medical Center
• Airiti, Inc.
• Altmetric, LLC
• American Chemical Society (ACS)
• Cambia
• Colwiz Limited
• Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC)
• DeepDyve, Inc.
• EasyBib.com (ImagineEasy Solutions)
• Elsevier, Inc.
• EMBL-EBI
• Ex Libris Ltd.
• Global Digital Central
• Hindawi Publishing Corporation
• Instytut Bioinfobank Sp. z o.o.
• Labtiva, Inc.
• mapegy GmbH
• MESUR
• NASA ADS
20
• OCLC
• Ontario Council of University Libraries (OCUL)
• PhilPapers Foundation
• Plum Analytics
• ProQuest Information & Learning
• PTFS Europe
• Reprints Desk
• Research Square
• ScholarMate, Ltd.
• Science-Metrix
• Sciencescape, Inc.
• Sunmedia
• Suweco, CZ
• Symplectic, Ltd.
• Talis Education Limited
• Technical Information Center of Denmark (DTU Library)
• The Korean Federation of Science and Technology
Societies
• Third Iron
• UberResearch

11. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
11
MANAGING CHANGE
21
What happens when …
• You discover an error after deposit
– How do you correct the metadata?
• You update your website
– How do you maintain DOI links?
• You partner with another publisher
– Who is responsible for updating the DOIs?
• You host your content on multiple sites
– Where should the DOI point?
22

12. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
12
What if something changes?
• Change/correction to the metadata
– E.g. author’s name entered incorrectly
• Change to the URL
– E.g. your publication moves to another website
– Do NOT re-assign another CrossRef DOI
23
There is no charge for updating CrossRef DOIs
Update them early and often!
How to update your metadata
• Re-submit the metadata
– Anything with the same DOI will replace the existing
record = updating the details
• Either …
• Resubmit your entire deposit
• http://help.crossref.org/#ID5857
• For URL-only changes you can use email
–
H:email=pfeeney@crossref.org;fromPrefix=10.5555;toPrefi
x=10.5555
10.5555/doi1
http://www.yoururl.com/journal/art1
10.5555/doi2
http://www.yoururl.com/journal/art2
24

13. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
13
Use CrossRef support
http://help.crossref.org/#updating_dois_and_metadata
25
TRANSFERING CONTENT: !
WHEN JOURNALS/BOOKS MOVE PUBLISHERS
Maintaining your DOIs
26

14. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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• Do not change assigned DOIs
– Only update the metadata (URL)
• The new publisher is responsible for
– Updating the metadata of existing DOIs
– Depositing new article/content DOIs
– Receiving reports and notifications from CrossRef
• The new publisher must be a CrossRef member
27
CrossRef DOI transfers
http://help.crossref.org/transferring_doi_ownership
28

15. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
15
MULTIPLE LANGUAGES!
MULTIPLE SITES
29
Multiple language articles?
• Articles in different languages …
• … should have different DOIs
30
DOI
1
DOI
2

16. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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Why use different DOIs?
• Translations may not be exactly the same
– Translations may introduce (or correct) errors
– Translations may use different terminology
– Authors may update the later version
• A change to one (requiring updated metadata)
– May not be required for the other article
31
Multiple language exceptions
• Multiple language article on same site
• Linked by same “landing” page
32
Publisher’s
website
Language
1
Language
2
DOI
link

17. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
17
Deutsches Ärzteblatt:
Single DOI points to English article
German translation provided as a version
33
Multiple sites?
CrossRef Multiple Resolution
34
Link
1
Link
2
Link
3
DOI
link
Repository
Publisher
site
AssociaSon
website

18. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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How does it work?
• One primary depositor
– Deposits the metadata
– Indicates the the DOI is multiple-resolution ready
(=unlocked)
• One (or more) secondary depositor(s)
– Cannot update metadata
– Can add URLs
– Require a multiple resolution deposit account
35
36
Example
CrossRef
MulSple
ResoluSon
page

19. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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• http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152216280100400122
• One DOI, 4 URLs, 3 depositors:
• http://www.portico.org/Portico/article?
article=pd3qw16ws
• http://triggered.stanford.clockss.org/ServeContent?
rft_id=info:doi/10.1177/152216280100400122
• http://triggered.edina.clockss.org/ServeContent?
rft_id=info:doi/10.1177/152216280100400122
• http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:nl-
kb:edepot:ewtij:1228472125213
37
Metadata
Prime
link
Reason
for
mul=ple
resolu=on
• http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152216280100400122
• One DOI, 4 URLs, 3 depositors:
• http://www.portico.org/Portico/article?
article=pd3qw16ws
• http://triggered.stanford.clockss.org/ServeContent?
rft_id=info:doi/10.1177/152216280100400122
• http://triggered.edina.clockss.org/ServeContent?
rft_id=info:doi/10.1177/152216280100400122
• http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:nl-
kb:edepot:ewtij:1228472125213
38
Prime
link
Other
sites/links

20. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
20
CrossRef Multiple Resolution
http://help.crossref.org/multiple-
resolution-overview
39
Who can use
CrossRef Multiple Resolution?
• All members of CrossRef for any content
– No additional charge for CrossRef Multiple
Resolution
– Primary and secondary depositors will each pay the
per-DOI fee
• Members may discontinue CrossRef Multiple
Resolution if it is no longer necessary
40

21. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
21
PLEASE ADD LINKS TO YOUR REFERENCES
Outbound linking
41
A really important point
• Members MUST add outbound CrossRef DOI
links to their references
– This is part of the membership rules
42

22. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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How to add CrossRef DOI links to
references
• Ask the authors in author guidelines
• Add at copyediting stage
– Use a search engine for individual articles (slow)
– Query CrossRef with XML (efficient, requires skill)
– Use CrossRef lookup tools (simple)
– Use third-party tools
• Inera xStyles
• Aries Editorial Manager
• Hire a CrossRef Service Provider
43
How you, authors, and providers can
find DOIs
• Human search:
– CrossRef metadata search
• search.crossref.org
– SimpleText Query
• Crossref.org
• Machine search:
– CrossRef REST API
• api.crossref.org
• http://help.crossref.org/how_querying_works
44

23. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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How to query: human searches
• CrossRef Metadata Search (Google-like
interface)
– Useful if you only have partial information
• Simple Text Query (formatted, untagged
references)
– Good for full reference lists
• (Tell your authors about these tools!)
45
hZp://help.crossref.org/#user-­‐query-­‐interfaces
46

24. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
24
CrossRef Simple Text Query
• http://www.crossref.org
• Select
Simple Text Query
from the menu:
47
Slides
reproduced
courtesy
of
INASP
Using Simple Text Query
48
Check
this
box
if
you
want
PubMed
IDs
Finally,
click
the
Submit
box
Fill
in
your
registered
email
Paste
in
your
references

25. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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The results
• CrossRef DOIs appear in references on the web page
• Copy and paste into your text file
49
How to query: the advanced way
• You can query using the XML query schema
– http://help.crossref.org/#xml-queries
• Use the CrossRef Application Programming
interface (API)
– REST
https://github.com/CrossRef/rest-api-doc/blob/
master/rest_api.md
50

26. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
26
Note … missing DOIs
• If no DOI is given in the results:
– Check that the reference is accurate and complete
– Not all article/publications have CrossRef DOIs
• The publisher may not assign DOIs
• A particular DOI may not have been registered with CrossRef
yet
• Not all DOIs are CrossRef DOIs; a search with CrossRef
tools may not find those register with other registration
agencies
– You can create a stored query for this result
51
Ghosh, M.K., M.L. Harter. 2003. A viral mechanism for remodeling chromatin
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00225-9
Ghosh, M.K., M.L. Harter. 2003. A viral mechanism for remodeling chromatin
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260, http://doi.org/bm6
Ghosh, M.K., M.L. Harter. 2003. A viral mechanism for remodeling chromatin
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260
Ghosh, M.K., M.L. Harter. 2003. A viral mechanism for remodeling chromatin
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260, CrossRef.
Ghosh, M.K., M.L. Harter. 2003. A viral mechanism for remodeling chromatin
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260, Article.
CrossRef DOI display guidelines
http://www.crossref.org/02publishers/doi_display_guidelines.html
52
Use
shortDOI
to
reduce
long
DOIs
–
hZp://shortdoi.org

27. CrossRef
Workshop,
Gauteng,
South
Africa,
September
2015
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Where to find help
– Help documentation:
http://help.crossref.org
– CrossRef support:
• Email: support@crossref.org
• Web: http://support.crossref.org
– Webinars:
http://www.crossref.org/01company/webinars.html
53
Use CrossRef Support
http://help.crossref.org/#updating_dois_and_metadata
54