Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance

•Transferir como PPTX, PDF•

0 gostou•486 visualizações

American Marketing Association | Journals

Contract ambiguity in relation to one’s obligations can be a strategic tool to enhance joint problem solving and collaboration while also deterring litigation, thereby enhancing performance.

Negócios

From:
Effects of Contract Ambiguity in
Interorganizational Governance
Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020)

From:From:
 A contract, or provision of a contract, that is reasonably
susceptible to more than one interpretation
 Examples of ambiguous language: “reasonable costs,” “good faith effort”
 Examples of contracted obligations:
Franchisor support – “McDonald’s shall advise and consult with Franchisee
periodically in connection with the operation and also, upon Franchisee’s request,
at other reasonable times” (McDonald’s Franchise Agreement 2013, p.3)
 We study contracts between franchisor and franchisees
 Example: Independently owned McDonald’s restaurants
What is contract ambiguity?
Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020)

From:From:
Contract ambiguity in relation to one’s obligations can…
 Enhance joint problem solving and collaboration: stimulates
discussions among contracting parties (e.g., to clarify
meaning), implying greater cooperation and joint problem
solving.
 Deter litigation: increases the perceived costs of litigation, as
it is expensive to try to “prove” that those ambiguous terms
such as “good faith efforts” have not been met.
Why does contract ambiguity work?
Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020)

From:From:
 By suppressing franchisee-initiated litigation, each ambiguous
phrasing leads to a .56% ($3623) increase in franchisor net
income.
What are the financial implications
of contract ambiguity in a franchise
system?
Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020)
Notes: The numbers are calculated based on the mean values of the variables in our dataset, consisting of 106 franchisors over a ten-year time window
(2004-2013).

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Semelhante a Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance

Types of negotiation.pptx

AstikTripathi4

Global negotiations

Tanmoy Chakraborty

Negotiation

Aanya Kumar

Aspects of contract and negligence for business

Novoraj Roy

Negotiations - the art of getting things done

RajThilak

FOCUSED COLLECTIVE BARGAINING DURING RECESSION

Joe Ogar

Chapter Seven Negotiation and Conflict Christopher Robbins/Thinkstock Learning Objectives After reading this chapter and studying the materials, you should be able to: • Recognizetheformsofnegotiation,includingdistributiveandintegrativesituations. • Carryoutthestagesofnegotiationinaconstructivemanner. • Explainthenatureofconflict. • Utilizevariousmethodstoresolveconflicts. baa66968_07_c07_187-214.indd 187 6/17/13 11:57 AM CHAPTER 7Section 7.1 The Nature of Negotiations and Bargaining Processes 7.1 The Nature of Negotiations and Bargaining Processes This chapter analyzes the steps and processes involved in negotiation, conflict, and conflict resolution. These subjects share many key elements. Remember, however, that instances occur in which negotiation takes place without the presence of conflict, particularly when two sides pursue a mutually beneficial relationship, such as when a manufacturer’s sales team negotiates a cooperative advertising or marketing agreement with a retail chain. In other circumstances, negotiation may be used to resolve a conflict. Conversely, conflicts may be resolved with or without the use of negotiation processes, such as when litigation takes place and the matter is resolved or adjudicated by the court system. In that context, negotiation may be defined as a give-and-take decision-making process involving inter- dependent parties with differing objectives or outcome preferences (Bazerman & Neale, 1992). Two perspectives exist regarding the terms “negotiation” and “bargaining.” Some sources identify them as being the same (Robbins, 2005, p. 434; Wall, 1985). Others take a slightly different view, suggesting that negotiation refers to a win-win situation in which the ultimate objective is to find solutions that are mutually acceptable to all parties to a complex conflict. Bargaining, in that context, represents a competitive “win- lose” circumstance in which each party seeks to obtain the best possible outcome for their side (Lewicki, Barry, & Saunders, 2010, p. 3). In this chapter the two terms will be used interchangeably. Two types of negotiations take place in employment settings: distributive negotiations and integrative negotiations (Walton & McKersie, 1965). Distributive negotiations involve a single issue and a zero-sum game in which one side’s gains become the other side’s losses (win-lose). A furniture manufacturer nego- tiating the price of fabric used to cover sofas serves as an example. Every dollar that the manufacturer has to pay for the raw material represents a dollar of revenue to the fabric supplier. In the terminology noted above, distributive negotiations are bargaining processes. The second circumstance, an integrative negotiation, resembles a problem-solving agenda in which both sides try to obtain a settlement that benefits both—a win-win solution. Integrative bargaining, in other words, is similar to a “negotiation” as defined above. Integrative solutio ...

Chapter SevenNegotiation and ConflictChristopher Robbins.docx

christinemaritza

Running head: NEGOTIATION PLANNING 1 NEGOTIATION PLANNING 5 Negotiation Planning Keisha McKinney Columbia Southern University 01/07/2020 Negotiation Planning Negotiation involves an interaction between entities intended in reaching a beneficial outcome in any organization. Companies create a guide used in each step which includes a series of strategies and planning to have a successful negotiation. Planning for negotiation is essential for various reasons. First, it enables companies to be proactive in foreseeing their future and prepare accordingly to keep up with the changing trends in the market. Secondly, Planning goals and strategies increases operational efficiency in providing a roadmap in the management in making decisions by determining the required resources used in accomplishing the set goals (Ong, 2015). Deliberate planning also important in increasing profitability and market share. Corporations get insights that are valuable on consumer segments and market demands on products and services, which is the best approach used in turning marketing and sales efforts into the best outcomes. Organization negotiators should always have goals and strategies before negotiation commences. Having goals and strategies in any preparation for negotiation can portray negotiators as people with vision and objectives goals of what they need out of the deal. Lack of negotiation goals in mind by negotiators may affect the best outcome for the business. Therefore, getting into negotiation with specific goals and a clear understanding of business strategies helps to improve performance in operation. There are various issues discussed during the negotiation process such as distributive, congruent and integrative issues (Kesler, 2019). Integrative negotiation is a strategy involving the collaboration of parties to get a substantive solution to their disagreement. The tactic focuses on the development of mutual agreement that is beneficial to the disputants’ interests. The congruent issue is where the interest of parties are aligned positively in which both sides are not willing to state what they need in case of any project discussion. When negotiators have the same interest on which project to be given the priority is a congruent issue in negotiation. Distributive negotiation involves a single issue such as the cost of the project, and mostly it relates to the bargaining process. Defining the relative importance and the bargaining mix of each issue is a critical step in negotiation. Negotiators from different parties assemble a list of issues presented and decide on the most and least important issue to enhance proper priorities. Bargaining mix entails both parties coming together and combining their lists of issues in a negotiation before implementation. Accordingly, large bargaining mixes may benefit a negotiation because a large list of components are put together and can easily benefit both parties. Notably, a large bargaining ...

Running head NEGOTIATION PLANNING1 NEGOTIATION PLANNING5.docx

jeanettehully

Negotiation

madhushanidissanayaka123

Johnson Regina Kachidza | Building Relationship Building Business

ReginaKachidza

Negotiation skills & collective bargening

Raghavendra P Nandaragi

Evan Frendo: Many of the people we teach have to deal with contracts in English, and the language of contracts is a common topic in business English teaching. The problem is that teaching the language is often not enough - different cultures have different perspectives on the role and function of contracts, and our learners need to be able to deal with this aspect too. In this brief talk I will discuss some of these perspectives, and suggest ways you can incorporate them into language training.

But we have a contract!

IATEFL BESIG

Patrick Henry Entropic - Customer Relationship Management

Patrick Henry Entropic

Legal Updates Contract Basics

legal3

Negotiationskills-converted

RAMLALDEGRA

1.Caitlin Rosica WednesdayApr 15 at 5:42am Manage Discussion Entry Our text describes bargaining as a situation where two or more parties have different interests and goals, and that parties are willing and able to communicate over the differences to come to an agreement on price, timing, and other details that might affect the bargain (Benton, 2014). Both parties are trying to win and avoid loses, and the fact that both parties acknowledge this allows them to come together to discuss terms and price. There is a basic understanding and recognition of need present between the parties, it is just agreeing on how to make the connection work. It is suggested by some professionals that a project manager's ability to negotiate can make a project a success or a complete failure (). Project managers need to rely on their bargaining skills often in situations where they need to make decisions in the best interest of their budget and their schedule. A project manager might encounter a situation where their usual supplier is unable to deliver during the time of a project, and the project manager is required to find a vendor or supplier they don't normally use. In this situation the project manager might have to try and negotiate on price to keep the transactions on par with their other supplier. A project might have a tight deadline and the timing might need to take place faster than usual, requiring the project manager to bargain with their supplier to speed things up. Another situation might be acquiring new items from their supplier and they need to negotiate the items and pricing for all future transactions. Finally, it could be the opposite where the project manager has plenty of time and they can search for the cheapest price. Although I am not currently a project manager, as a manager of a small business I do encounter situations where negotiation and bargaining takes place. For example, because we are a small business we have a limited budget when it comes to hiring bands and event artists for our parties. Bands usually charge too much for what we can afford for a 4 hour set on a Friday or Saturday night. However, many local small town bands are flexible, both on price and the size of the set. In order for us to be able to provide live music to our guests we have bargained set prices with several local bands, which allows us to book out a schedule every 6 months and rotate the people who have been willing to work with us. In some situations we had to pay a bit more to get a really good band and a bigger following, in other situations the band had to cut down to a smaller set size like a duet set instead of a full 5 band crew to make the price work. At the end of the day, if it were not for successful bargaining, our event schedule would be very boring. 2.Ashley Whitehead WednesdayApr 15 at 10am Manage Discussion Entry Bargaining is a form of negotiations that allows two parties to negotiate terms and conditions of a product or service. Bargainin.

1.Caitlin RosicaWednesdayApr 15 at 542amManage Discussion Ent.docx

christiandean12115

Negotiationskillsppt

jains1012

Ac 7

Imtinan Ihtifaz

A Conceptual Framework For B2B Electronic Contracting

Luisa Polanco

201negotiation

btecexpert

Semelhante a Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance (20)

Types of negotiation.pptx

Global negotiations

Negotiation

Aspects of contract and negligence for business

Negotiations - the art of getting things done

FOCUSED COLLECTIVE BARGAINING DURING RECESSION

Chapter SevenNegotiation and ConflictChristopher Robbins.docx

Running head NEGOTIATION PLANNING1 NEGOTIATION PLANNING5.docx

Negotiation

Johnson Regina Kachidza | Building Relationship Building Business

Negotiation skills & collective bargening

But we have a contract!

Patrick Henry Entropic - Customer Relationship Management

Legal Updates Contract Basics

Negotiationskills-converted

1.Caitlin RosicaWednesdayApr 15 at 542amManage Discussion Ent.docx

Negotiationskillsppt

Ac 7

A Conceptual Framework For B2B Electronic Contracting

201negotiation

Mais de American Marketing Association | Journals

Liadeli, Sotgiu, and Verlegh (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Ghosh Dastidar, Sunder, and Shah (2022)pptx (2).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Wiseman et al. (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Stock market pressures are known to reduce manager incentives to invest in breakthrough innovations. Innovation imprinting, which captures establishing product priorities and building market capabilities before the firm goes public, helps companies remain innovative after the IPO. This works because innovation imprinting attracts a segment of concordant investors whose risk preferences are more supportive of innovation.

Wies, Moorman &Chandy (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

The marketing literature has defined authenticity as a perceptual quality that consumers attribute to a brand. Following this definition, research has sought to identify the essential features that brands, business, or celebrities possess, which drive these perceptions of authenticity and conversely, to identify the contrasting features that generate perceptions of inauthenticity. We argue that this conventional approach, while making intuitive sense, is unable to effectively grapple with the cultural complexity manifest in the process of “authenticating” a brand. Using semiotic theory, we develop a framework that marketing managers can use to analyze the cultural contradictions of authenticity that can undermine their authenticity claims.

Thompson & Kumar (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

The slides describe the nature, functioning, and performance relevance of Machiavellianism in alliance partnerships. The paradox of Machiavellianism is that it is a strategy a firm uses to manipulate the partner to improve its own gain, but doing so is likely to prove detrimental to its performance in the alliance. Our Theories-in-Use discussions surfaced manifestations of Machiavellianism’s behavioral side that would allow the detection of a Machiavellian partner. Machiavellian firms are likely to exhibit behaviors that reflect its dimensions, such as hypervigilance, authoritative work patterns, and calculative adaptations. Managers’ ability to harness shared experiences provides a way to work with these firms more successfully.

Musarra, Robson, and Katsikeas (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

This research examines the impact of premium organic specialist store entry on category sales at incumbent generalist stores. The results indicate that incumbent stores lose about 3% in sales after a local organic store entry. The study also examines managerially relevant factors that can influence the magnitude of sales losses. The results show that incumbent generalist stores can reduce sales losses by reducing the relative distinctiveness of the entrant along three dimensions: variety, price-quality, and authenticity.

Maesen & Lamey (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

A new study in the Journal of Marketing shows that the design of websites used for buying health insurance combined with high-quality big data can produce big savings for consumers. When health insurance products are ordered such that the best options for the consumer appear first in the presented list, this strongly improves consumers' decisions. If the list is also partitioned to show a small number of options first (with an easy option to click through to see all options), this further improves consumers' decisions. However, importantly, if the best options are not at the top of the list, partitioning can harm consumer decision quality.

Herhausen et al (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Dellaert et al (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

While marketing researchers increasingly employ web data, the idiosyncratic and sometimes insidious challenges in its collection have received limited attention. How can researchers ensure that the datasets generated via web scraping and APIs are valid? A new article in the Journal of Marketing proposes a methodological framework that highlights how addressing validity concerns requires the joint consideration of idiosyncratic technical and legal/ethical questions. The framework covers the broad spectrum of validity concerns arising from the automatic collection of web data for academic use along the three stages of collecting web data: selecting data sources, designing the data collection, and extracting the data.

Boegershausen et al. (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Dolbec et al. (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Heide, Bell & Tracey (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Wang, Wang & Jiang (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Malhotra & Bhattacharyya (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Kim, Kim & Arora (2021).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Jia, Yang, and Jiang 2022.pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Jia, Yang, and Jiang 2022.pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Goldfarb, Tucker & Wang (2022).pptx

American Marketing Association | Journals

Anatoli Colicev: The PhD Journey

American Marketing Association | Journals

The day Nintendo launched the Switch gaming system, both Xbox and PlayStation congratulated Nintendo on social media. It was a somewhat surprising move. Big brands typically don’t compliment their competitors – they wouldn’t want to offer a rival brand free publicity. But this research shows that a brand can actually boost its own reputation and sales by complimenting a competitor. Nearly a dozen experiments with almost 4,000 people demonstrate that brands may reap rewards by engaging in brand-to-brand praise

Befriending the Enemy: The Effects of Observing Brand-to-Brand Praise on Cons...

American Marketing Association | Journals

Mais de American Marketing Association | Journals (20)

Liadeli, Sotgiu, and Verlegh (2022).pptx

Ghosh Dastidar, Sunder, and Shah (2022)pptx (2).pptx

Wiseman et al. (2022).pptx

Wies, Moorman &Chandy (2022).pptx

Thompson & Kumar (2022).pptx

Musarra, Robson, and Katsikeas (2022).pptx

Maesen & Lamey (2022).pptx

Herhausen et al (2022).pptx

Dellaert et al (2022).pptx

Boegershausen et al. (2022).pptx

Dolbec et al. (2022).pptx

Heide, Bell & Tracey (2022).pptx

Wang, Wang & Jiang (2022).pptx

Malhotra & Bhattacharyya (2022).pptx

Kim, Kim & Arora (2021).pptx

Jia, Yang, and Jiang 2022.pptx

Goldfarb, Tucker & Wang (2022).pptx

Anatoli Colicev: The PhD Journey

Befriending the Enemy: The Effects of Observing Brand-to-Brand Praise on Cons...

Último

https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26795801/the-path-to-product-excellence--avoiding-common-pitfalls-and-enhancing-communication In the fast-paced world of digital innovation, success is often accompanied by a multitude of challenges - like the pitfalls lurking at every turn, threatening to derail the most promising projects. But fret not, this webinar is your key to effective product development! Join us for an enlightening session to empower you to lead your team to greater heights. Through compelling storytelling and actionable insights, learn to overcome challenges like misaligned objectives, communication breakdowns, and resistance to change. Takeaways: • Uncover and navigate through common pitfalls that are plaguing product teams today. • Explore proven solutions, laying the groundwork for triumphant product launches. • Gain inspiration from real-world success examples from top digital companies, offering invaluable insights into their winning strategies. • Discover how the symbiotic relationship between product managers, UX/UI designers, and developers can transform pitfalls into opportunities, propelling your product outcomes to unprecedented heights.

The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...

Aggregage

Chandigarh Escorts Service 📞8868886958📞 Just📲 Call Nihal Chandigarh Call Girls Service In Chandigarh No💰Advance Cash On Delivery Service 50% OFF ON TOP CALL GIRL Chandigarh ESCORT SERVICE CASH PAYMENT AVAILABLE Welcome to the famous place for booking elegant and charming No.1 call girls in Chandigarh. If you are in Chandigarh and want to bring excitement, our agency can help. Our agency has collaborated with many exotic and sensual girls ready to provide exciting romantic, and erotic services. Apart from these services, our girls are prepared to entertain a client in the meeting. There will be full enthusiasm and dedication from our girls to bring the highest satisfaction. The meeting with our girls will allow us to explore the world of pleasures while fulfilling fantasies and erotic imaginations. The highly talented and modern escorts and Call Girl In Chandigarh continue to win customers’ hearts through exceptional services. The hardworking girl brings a sense of completeness and satisfaction to every customer encounter. That is why our agency is synonymous with providing a perfect girlfriend and dream partner to customers in different situations. Book an attractive girlfriend online from this agency to experience the most satisfactory services with our escorts. The best thing is that everything will be designed and offered as per your fantasies. An exciting moment to cherish throughout your life can unfold in a meeting with our Chandigarh escorts. Call girls in Chandigarh TRAVEL WITH PROFESSIONAL Chandigarh CALL GIRL Chandigarh is a beautiful city with many exciting places worth visiting. There are parks, museums, shopping malls, and an industrial base where people from different parts of the world come. The other things worth mentioning here are the nightlife and party places. The city becomes vibrant and exciting as the sun sets in the west. The nightspots glow with light shows with bars, discos, and nightclubs buzzing with people. The party freaks and nightlife lovers prefer spending time with our gorgeous girl. That is because lavish parties, corporate events, and other fun activities can’t be completed without hiring talented girls. They are educated, smart, and exotic, with beautiful appearances. That is how our Chandigarh escort can bring excitement and memorable moments to this beautiful city. Chandigarh escorts and call girls have become popular among hobbyists. Real good times come for customers to spend time with them. But it is one of the many reasons to hire our gorgeous and qualified girl. Clients can expect many unforgettable moments to cherish later in life. The best thing is that everything will be arranged and designed per customers' wishes. So, spending time with our escorts is a lifetime opportunity you can't miss. Otherwise, you will regret it throughout your life. PERFECT MOMENTS WITH Chandigarh CALL GIRLS As a leading escort and call girl agency, our sincere effort is to make the client happy and satisfied.

Chandigarh Escorts Service 📞8868886958📞 Just📲 Call Nihal Chandigarh Call Girl...

Sheetaleventcompany

Business Model Canvas (BMC)- A new venture concept

P&CO

Phases of Negotiation .pptx

nandhinijagan9867

Falcon Invoice Discounting platform in india

Falcon Invoice Discounting

Call Girls In Delhi ☎8448577510 Door Step Delivery We Offering You 100% Genuine Completed Body And Mind Relaxation With Happy Ending ServiCe Done By Most Attractive Charming Soft Spoken Bold Beautiful Full Cooperative Independent Escort Girls ServiCe In All Star Hotel And Home ServiCe In All Over Delhi Noida Gurgaon Faridabad Ghaziabad Greater Noida, I Have Extremely Beautiful Broad Minded Cute Sexy & Hot Call Girls and Escorts, We Are Located in 3* 4* 5* Hotels in Delhi. Safe & Secure High Class Services Affordable Rate 100% Satisfaction, Unlimited Enjoyment. Any Time for Model/Teens Escort in Delhi High Class luxury and Premium Escorts ServiCe. ★ CALL US High Class Luxury and Premium Escorts ServiCe We Provide Well Educated Royal Class Female,High Profile Escorts Offering a Top High Class Escorts Service In the & Several Nearby All Places Of . ★ To Enjoy With Hot and Sexy Girls . ★ We Are Providing :- • Models • Vip Models • Russian Models • Foreigner Models • Call Center Working Girls/Women • Housewife • Collage Going Girls. • Travelling Escorts. • Ramp-Models • INDEPENDENT GIRLS / HOUSE WIFES ★OUR BEST SERVICES: ★ A-Level (5 Star Escort) ★ Strip-Tease ★ BBBJ (Bareback Blowjob) ★ Spending time in my rooms ★ BJ (Blowjob Without a Condom) ★ COF (Come On Face) ★ Completion ★ (Oral To Completion) bjnonCovered ★ Special Massage ★ O-Level (Oral sex) ★ Blow Job; ★ Oral Sex With A Noncondom) ★ COB (Come On Body) ★. Extraball (Have Sex Many Times) ★ All Meetings We Provide Hottest Female With Me Are Safe And Consensual With Most Limits Respected Complete Satisfaction Guaranteed…Service Available In:- 24/7 3* 4* 5* Star Hotel Services . In Call & Out Call ServiCe Available Also. FOR BOOKING Call/WhatsApp ☎+91-8448577510 ★ I Guarantee You To Have An Unforgettable Experience With Me.A Curvy Body, long Hair and Silky Smooth Skin. She Is an Independent Escorts Model Will Give You More Pleasure & Full Satisfaction. ★ I am Very Sensual and Flirtatious With Charming Personality! I Love To laugh and My Bright Smile Is Ever Present. ,HOTEL & HOME SERVICE..PLZZ ★ Available Near All 3* 4* 5* Hotels Of I Want Only Hotel Name , Guest Name , Room No. Only For Confirmation. —– Booking 24/7 HRS —–

Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...

lizamodels9

Call Girls In Mahipalpur (Delhi) Call or Whataap {+91-8377877756} Escorts Provide 24×7 Available With Room ☆☆TIMINGS 24 HOURS OPENS☆☆☆ Booking Now Gentleman Only:-Call Now Best High Class Normal Call Girls Escorts Service In Delhi NCR 24-7 Hours Available Service I provide In Delhi NCR Female Escorts Sex Service 100% Customers Satisfaction Guarantee VIP Profiles Top Grade Service 100% Cooperative All round Service ꧁❤8377877756❤꧂ InCall: – You Can Reach At Our Place in Delhi Our place Which Is Very Clean Hygienic 100% safe Accommodation OutCall: – Service For Out Call You Have To Come Pick The Girl From My Place. We Also Provide Door Step Services. Note: – Pic Collectors Time Passers And Bargainers Stay Away As We Respect The Value Of Your Money And Time And Expect The Same From You. 8377877756. Hygienic: – Full Ac Neat And Clean Rooms Available In Hotel 24 * 7 Hrs In Delhi NCR 8377877756. Place: – South Extension Nehru Place Saket Malviya Nagar Munirka Vasant Kunj Safdarjung Katwaria Sarai Lajpat Nagar Kalkaji Hauz Khas Mahipalpur Dwarka Karol Bagh Noida Gurgaon Faridabad All Outcall Only Hotel Service In Delhi Ncr 8377877756. We are providing. : – House Wife’s : – Private Independent House Wife’s : – Private Independent Collage Going Girls : – Corporate MNC Working Profiles : – Call Center Girls : – Live Band Girls : – Foreigners and Many More: – Independent Models Service type : – Incall Short 2500 : – Outcall Short 3500 : – Incall Night 8500 : – Outcall Night 95,00 For Pictures And Other Details Pls Whatsapp Me Otherwise Call Me Any Time Incall Outcall Both Are Services Available Door Step, House, Apartment, Guest House, Flate, All Star Hotel Available ꧁❤8377877756❤꧂ THANKS FOR VISITING. Booking 24×7 HRS

FULL ENJOY Call Girls In Mahipalpur Delhi Contact Us 8377877756

dollysharma2066

Organisational success today depends on effective communication and collaboration with individuals from cultures with varying beliefs and practices. Indeed, with the workforce increasingly comprised of people of varying cultural backgrounds, leaders must now prioritise the significance of cultural competence in the workplace. Ensuring cultural competence at every level of your organisation cannot be understated. While cultural disparities can manifest in different ways, as a leader, you must build deep and nuanced cultural competence skills and education to accurately spot, address and alleviate the various scenarios that can arise. Failing to recognise the importance of cultural competence or not acting to improve it can lead to cultural negligence. There are a few things to consider to ensure your organisation is on the right track. In this deck, you'll understand the importance of building cultural competence in the workplace. You'll also learn • The three (3) dimensions of Cultural Competence in the workplace • Key strategies to build a culturally competent workforce • Major benefits you stand to gain by having a culturally competent team.

Cracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptx

Workforce Group

SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60% in 6 Months

IndeedSEO

Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bangalore Booking Contact Details :- WhatsApp Chat :- +91-7737669865 2-May-2024(SMW) Call Girls In Model Towh Bangalore +91-7737669865 !! Best Woman Seeking Man Call Girls Service, Escorts Service in Home Hotel in Bangalore NCR 24 Hours Available Service Call Girls, Contact Us +91-7737669865 (Any Time. Any Where) Call Girls in Bangalore, Noida, Gurgaon, Ghaziabad,Sexy Indian Female Escorts Service Bangalore NCRWelcome To Bangalore Escorts Service – An All Over New Bangalore Very Sexy Hot Call Girls Agency Service Escorts In South BangaloreNCRBangalore’s No. 1 High Profile Independent Female Escorts Service. We Provide Good Quality Educated Profile At Very Regnebal Price 100% Safe And Original.We Are Provide Escorts Service All OYO Hotels ,3*,4*,5* Star Hotel And Home Flat, Apartment. Guest-House. Services In -Call And Out – Call Both Are Services Available. 24Hrs. Any Time Any Where. In All Over Bangalore Noida Gurgaon Ghaziabad Faridabad.More Information And Contact Profile Real Pic Visit Our Website City Wise Escorts Service Agency.Good Looking Cheap And Best Models Girls U Can Get Best Click On Link……Night Call Girls Now In Hotel Le Meridien Gurgaon Near Female Escort One Shot — 5000/in call (time 1 hour), 6000/out call Two shot with one girl — 8000/in call (time 2 hour), 10000/out call Body to body massage with sex- 8000/in call (time 1 hour) Full night Service for one person– 12000/in call, 13000/out call (shot limit 3-4 shots) Full night Service for more than 1 person — please contact Us —7737669865 We are available 24*7 all days of the year. Call us — 7737669865 Thank you for Visiting.

Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...

amitlee9823

Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service Enjoy Your Dream Girls, Available 24/7, Malegaon Just Dial: 82500–77686 [24 HOURS BEST REAL MEET HOT CALL GIRLS IN Malegaon] https://wa.link/hjg3yh Anyone who is searching for real-life escorts or Call girls in Malegaon. We Bring all types of call girls who will provide you with all services to fulfil all your sexual desires, including in-call and Out-call Hotel and Home services, without any advance. ''MOST IMPORTANT'' 1. Affordable Cost. 2. Best-class premium service. 3. Authentic photos of available girls. 4. Free pick-up and drop-off 24 hours at nearby areas. 5. 100 % Satisfaction Guarantee. CONTACT: Lucky +918250077686 - https://wa.link/hjg3yh [Anytime] 'REMARK'-' Find a reason to smile and ENJOY freedom like never before with our HOT girls. Website https://www.sheetalarora.com/ https://www.dighacallgirls.com/ https://www.prishagill.com/ https://www.streetgirls69.in/

Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service

Damini Dixit

Falcon's Invoice Discounting: Your Path to Prosperity

hemanthkumar470700

JAYNAGAR CALL GIRL IN 98274*61493 ❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL IN We are Providing :- ● – Private independent collage Going girls . ● – independent Models . ● – House Wife’s . ● – Private Independent House Wife’s ● – Corporate M.N.C Working Profiles . ● – Call Center Girls . ● – Live Band Girls . ●- Foreigners & Many More . Service type: 1.In call 2.out call 3. full Lip to Lip kiss 4.69 5.b-job without Condom 6. Hard Core sex & Much More. 7 Body to Body Touch 8 Kissing 9 Sucking Boobs and More 10 Enjoy by Hand 11 Relax By Oral 12 Sex with Happy Ending • In Call and Out Call Service • 3* 5* 7* Hotels Service • 24 Hours Available • Indian, Russian, Punjabi, Kashmiri Escorts • Real Models, College Girls, House Wife, Also Available • Short Time and Full Time Service Available • Hygienic Full AC Neat and Clean Rooms Avail. In Hotel 24 hours • Daily Escorts Staff Available • Minimum to Maximum Range Available.c al

JAYNAGAR CALL GIRL IN 98274*61493 ❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL

kapoorjyoti4444

PHX May 2024 Corporate Presentation Final

PanhandleOilandGas

CALL NOW 98787-99926 CHANDIGARH BEST Call Girls in CHANDIGARH Escort Service provide Cute Nice sweet and Sexy Models in beautiful CHANDIGARH city cash in hand to hand call girl in CHANDIGARH and CHANDIGARH escorts. HOT & SEXY MODELS // COLLEGE GIRLS IN CHANDIGARH AVAILABLE FOR COMPLETE ENJOYMENT WITH HIGH PROFILE INDIAN MODEL AVAILABLE HOTEL & HOME ★ SAFE AND SECURE HIGH CLASS SERVICE AFFORDABLE RATE ★ 100% SATISFACTION,UNLIMITED ENJOYMENT. ★ All Meetings are confidential and no information is provided to any one at any cost. ★ EXCLUSIVE Profiles Are Safe and Consensual with Most Limits Respected ★ Service Available In: - HOME & 24x7 :: 3 * 5 *7 *Star Hotel Service .In Call & Out call Services : ★ A-Level (5 star escort) ★ Strip-tease ★ BBBJ (Bareback Blowjob)Receive advanced sexual techniques in different mode make their life more pleasurable. ★ Spending time in hotel rooms ★ BJ (Blowjob Without a Condom) ★ Completion (Oral to completion) ★ Covered (Covered blowjob Without a Condom)👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandigarh No Advance Only Cash On Delivery

👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...

rajveerescorts2022

Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services Call Girls Service Mysore Dipal ❤️🍑 8617370543 👄 Independent Escort Service Mysore Call Girls Service Mysore Dipal ❤️🍑 8617370543 👄 Independent Escort Service Mysore WhatsApp Chat With Charu:-8617370543 There are a number of Mysore Escorts willing to meet you at an affordable rate, which also possesses high moral standards and humanitarian tendencies. These girls can help satisfy the sexual desires of clients without fail; it is therefore essential that clients select an established service. Our services feature various packages at competitive rates: One shot: ₹2000/in-call, ₹5000/out-call Two shots with one girl: ₹3500/in-call, ₹6000/out-call Body to body massage with sex: ₹3000/in-call Full night for one person: ₹7000/in-call, ₹10000/out-call Full night for more than 1 person: Contact us at 8617370543 .

Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services

Dipal Arora

VIP Call Girls Napur Anamika Call Now: 8617697112 Napur Escorts Booking Contact Details WhatsApp Chat: +91-8617697112 Napur Escort Service includes providing maximum physical satisfaction to their clients as well as engaging conversation that keeps your time enjoyable and entertaining. Plus they look fabulously elegant; making an impressionable. Independent Escorts Napur understands the value of confidentiality and discretion - they will go the extra mile to meet your needs. Simply contact them via text messaging or through their online profiles; they'd be more than delighted to accommodate any request or arrange a romantic date or fun-filled night together. We provide –

(Anamika) VIP Call Girls Napur Call Now 8617697112 Napur Escorts 24x7

Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile Call Girls

Call Girls Ludhiana Just Call 98765-12871 Top Class Call Girl Service Available

Seo

Saudi Arabia [ Abortion pills) Jeddah/riaydh/dammam/++918133066128☎️] cytotec tablets uses abortion pills 💊💊 How effective is the abortion pill? 💊💊 +918133066128) "Abortion pills in Jeddah" how to get cytotec tablets in Riyadh " Abortion pills in dammam*💊💊 The abortion pill is very effective. If you’re taking mifepristone and misoprostol, it depends on how far along the pregnancy is, and how many doses of medicine you take:💊💊 +918133066128) how to buy cytotec pills At 8 weeks pregnant or less, it works about 94-98% of the time. +918133066128[ 💊💊💊 At 8-9 weeks pregnant, it works about 94-96% of the time. +918133066128) At 9-10 weeks pregnant, it works about 91-93% of the time. +918133066128)💊💊 If you take an extra dose of misoprostol, it works about 99% of the time. At 10-11 weeks pregnant, it works about 87% of the time. +918133066128) If you take an extra dose of misoprostol, it works about 98% of the time. In general, taking both mifepristone and+918133066128 misoprostol works a bit better than taking misoprostol only. +918133066128 Taking misoprostol alone works to end the+918133066128 pregnancy about 85-95% of the time — depending on how far along the+918133066128 pregnancy is and how you take the medicine. +918133066128 The abortion pill usually works, but if it doesn’t, you can take more medicine or have an in-clinic abortion. +918133066128 When can I take the abortion pill?+918133066128 In general, you can have a medication abortion up to 77 days (11 weeks)+918133066128 after the first day of your last period. If it’s been 78 days or more since the first day of your last+918133066128 period, you can have an in-clinic abortion to end your pregnancy.+918133066128 Why do people choose the abortion pill? Which kind of abortion you choose all depends on your personal+918133066128 preference and situation. With+918133066128 medication+918133066128 abortion, some people like that you don’t need to have a procedure in a doctor’s office. You can have your medication abortion on your own+918133066128 schedule, at home or in another comfortable place that you choose.+918133066128 You get to decide who you want to be with during your abortion, or you can go it alone. Because+918133066128 medication abortion is similar to a miscarriage, many people feel like it’s more “natural” and less invasive. And some+918133066128 people may not have an in-clinic abortion provider close by, so abortion pills are more available to+918133066128 them. +918133066128 Your doctor, nurse, or health center staff can help you decide which kind of abortion is best for you. +918133066128 More questions from patients: Saudi Arabia+918133066128 CYTOTEC Misoprostol Tablets. Misoprostol is a medication that can prevent stomach ulcers if you also take NSAID medications. It reduces the amount of acid in your stomach, which protects your stomach lining. The brand name of this medication is Cytotec®.+918133066128) Unwanted Kit is a combination of two medicines, o

unwanted pregnancy Kit [+918133066128] Abortion Pills IN Dubai UAE Abudhabi

Abortion pills in Kuwait Cytotec pills in Kuwait

BAGALUR CALL GIRL IN 98274*61493 ❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL IN We are Providing :- ● – Private independent collage Going girls . ● – independent Models . ● – House Wife’s . ● – Private Independent House Wife’s ● – Corporate M.N.C Working Profiles . ● – Call Center Girls . ● – Live Band Girls . ●- Foreigners & Many More . Service type: 1.In call 2.out call 3. full Lip to Lip kiss 4.69 5.b-job without Condom 6. Hard Core sex & Much More. 7 Body to Body Touch 8 Kissing 9 Sucking Boobs and More 10 Enjoy by Hand 11 Relax By Oral 12 Sex with Happy Ending • In Call and Out Call Service • 3* 5* 7* Hotels Service • 24 Hours Available • Indian, Russian, Punjabi, Kashmiri Escorts • Real Models, College Girls, House Wife, Also Available • Short Time and Full Time Service Available • Hygienic Full AC Neat and Clean Rooms Avail. In Hotel 24 hours • Daily Escorts Staff Available • Minimum to Maximum Range Available.c al

BAGALUR CALL GIRL IN 98274*61493 ❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL

kapoorjyoti4444

Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance

1. From: Effects of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020)

2. From:From:  A contract, or provision of a contract, that is reasonably susceptible to more than one interpretation  Examples of ambiguous language: “reasonable costs,” “good faith effort”  Examples of contracted obligations: Franchisor support – “McDonald’s shall advise and consult with Franchisee periodically in connection with the operation and also, upon Franchisee’s request, at other reasonable times” (McDonald’s Franchise Agreement 2013, p.3)  We study contracts between franchisor and franchisees  Example: Independently owned McDonald’s restaurants What is contract ambiguity? Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020)

3. From:From: Contract ambiguity in relation to one’s obligations can…  Enhance joint problem solving and collaboration: stimulates discussions among contracting parties (e.g., to clarify meaning), implying greater cooperation and joint problem solving.  Deter litigation: increases the perceived costs of litigation, as it is expensive to try to “prove” that those ambiguous terms such as “good faith efforts” have not been met. Why does contract ambiguity work? Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020)

4. From:From:  By suppressing franchisee-initiated litigation, each ambiguous phrasing leads to a .56% ($3623) increase in franchisor net income. What are the financial implications of contract ambiguity in a franchise system? Zheng, Griffith, Ge, and Benoliel (2020) Notes: The numbers are calculated based on the mean values of the variables in our dataset, consisting of 106 franchisors over a ten-year time window (2004-2013).

Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance

Recomendados

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Semelhante a Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance

Semelhante a Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance (20)

Mais de American Marketing Association | Journals

Mais de American Marketing Association | Journals (20)

Último

Último (20)

Effect of Contract Ambiguity in Interorganizational Governance