PPT FILE

1. RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION

2.  Introduction
 Types of building
 Design load/building load
 Common building components
 Introduction building bye-laws

3.  Two types of building
1. Based upon occupancy
2. Based on structure

4.  Building include based upon occupany.
1. Residential building
2. Educational building
3. Institutional building
4. Assembly building
5. Business building
6. Mercantile building
7. Industrial building
8. Storage building

5. 1.Load bearing structure
 It has load bearing walls which receive the
loads and transmit the same to the ground
though their foundation.
 20,30,40,cm thick walls are load bearing
walls.
 R.C.C slab is provided directly on load
bearing walls.

6. 2.Framed structure
 In the buildings with frammed structure,load
is transferred through a frame of R.C.C
slab,beam,colomn.
 In this type of structures,there are partition
walls of 10 cm thick,which divide and
enclosethe space.
 Construction time is less.

7. Various loads are taken into account while
designing the foundation of a structure loads
coming on a structure are:

9. No. Type of floor Minimum live lord
( Kg/𝑚2
)
1 Dwelling house,
hospitals , hostels
200
2 Office ,light work room 250-400
3 Bank, office, reading
room
300
4 Shops, classrooms,
assembly halls,
restaurants, power
station
400
5 Warehouse, workshop,
factory, store room ,
dancehall
500-1000
6 Light garage 250-400
7 Heavy garage 750
8 Stairs 300-500
9 Balcony 300-500

10. Number of floors carried
by member (column,
foundation, wall etc.)
Total L.L on all floors above the member
1 100%
2 90%
3 80%
4 70%
5 60%
6 or more 50%

11. NO Material/structure Unit weight
1 Wall : brick masonry
10 cm thick
20 cm thick
30 cm thick
192 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
384 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
576 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
2 Roof :G.I sheet 0.5 mm thick
1.63 mm thick
A.C sheet
5 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
13 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
12.15.6 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
3 Slab R.C.C 2400 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
4 PCC (plain cement concrete ) 2300 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
5 Mangalore tiles 63 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
6 Clay 1440-1760 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
7 Sand 1540-2000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
8 Fresh water 1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
9 Steel 7850 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
10 Cement 1440 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
11 Timber 650-720 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
12 Bricks 1600-1920 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

16. Basic building components
SUPER
STURCTURE
Plinth
D.P.C
Walls and colums
Floors
Beams
Roofs and slabs
Lintels and Aechers
Doors and Window
Chajjas
Parapet
Steps and Stairs
Cupboard and Shelves
Substructer
Foundation

17. A typical cross section through door and window showing all Building
components

18. Foundetion - It is a sturcture below the G.L . It is the lowest part of a
building
Plinth – It is the portion of a building above ground up to the finished
floor level. It
is the loer most part of building
Walls – It costructed by the use of bricks, stone, concrete , blocks , etc.
Column – It is a load bearingg member of smaal section of bricks or stone
or concreate
Stair – It is series of steps to connect the different floors of building
Roof – It is the uppermost part of a building to cover the space below
Floors – The floors of each storey, above ground level are none as upper
floors
Lintel – It is defined as a horizontal structural member provided across the
opening the
doors and window
Beam – It is defined as a horizontal structural member provided rested
Defination of building
Components

19. Types of Foundation
Shallow Deep
Pile Pier Well or Cassion
Spread footing Strap footing Combind footing Mat footing
For walls for columns Rectangular Trapezodial
Simple Stepped Grillage Single Stepped Sloped

20. If depth of foundation is equal to or less than its width, it is called shallow fo
Generally it is 3 to 4 m.

21. Spread footing -- which spread the super improsed load of wall
over larger area. Masonary walls have ste
with a concrete base.

22. STRAP FOOTING -- If the independent footing of two columns are connecte
it is called a strap footing.
COMBINED FOOTING -- A spread footing which support two or more colomuns

23. RAFT or MAT foundation – It is a combined footing that covers the ent
beneat a structure and supports all w
GRILLAGE Foundation – Grillage foundation is a special type of isolated
and it is provided for heavily loaded steel
-The depth of foundation is 1 to 1.5m

24. (1)Plinth
(2) Wall
(i) Load bearing ( 20,30,40 cm)
(ii) Non-load bearing (Partition wall – 10 )
- Brick Masonry Wall

25. (3) Roof --
Types of roof
Flat Sloped Domes
Lean-to-roof King post trussQueen post truss
Cylindrical Spherical

27. (4) FLOOR -- A floor provides a plane surface to support the occupant
and any equipment.
•TYPES OF FLOOR
(1) Ground floors
(2) Upper floors
The different types of floor which are commonly used for floor constuc
(1) Mud and Muram (9) Brick
(2) Flag stone (10) C.C
(3) Terrazzo (11)Marble
(4) Tiles (12)Asphalt
(5) Timber (13)Glass
(6) Rubber (14)Granite
(7) Cor (15)Mosaic tiles
(8) Plastic or PVC

28. (1) Battened and ledged door
(2) Framed and panelled door
(3) Flush door
(4) Revolving door
(5) Swing door
(6) Collapsible steel door
(7) Mild steel sheet door
(8) Glazed door